周三，巴西在东南沿海深水区域拍卖的石油区块中，超过一半成功拍出，吸引了巴西独立公司 PRIO SA 以及包括 Petrobras 和 Equinor ASA 在内的国际石油巨头参与竞标。
Brazil awarded more than half of the oil blocks it offered in a deep-water region off its southeastern coast on Wednesday, drawing bids from Brazilian independent PRIO SA and oil majors including Petrobras and Equinor ASA.
中国两大石油巨头——中国海洋石油有限公司（CNOOC Ltd.）和中国石化股份有限公司（Sinopec）也联合赢得了一个区块，且无需本地合作伙伴。总体而言，此次竞争有限，在预盐层地区拍卖的 13 个区块中，有 7 个仅收到一份报价。一些原本被认为颇具吸引力的区块，例如位于桑托斯盆地、靠近巨型布济乌斯油田的奥帕拉勘探区，甚至无人问津。
Chinese oil majors CNOOC Ltd. and China Petroleum & Chemical Corp., or Sinopec, also jointly won a block without any local partners. Overall competition was limited, with 7 of the 13 blocks offered in the pre-salt area attracting only one bid each. Some blocks that were considered attractive, such as the Opala prospect in the Santos basin near the giant Buzios field, didn’t get any offers.
巴西预盐层石油项目政府利益代表机构 PPSA 的主席路易斯·费尔南多·帕罗利表示，尽管此次生产分成拍卖中拍出的区块数量创下纪录，但溢价水平依然很高。他指出，各公司主要瞄准现有作业区附近的地块，以便将任何新发现与现有的生产系统连接起来。
Still, premiums were high for a record number of blocks awarded in a production-sharing auction, said Luis Fernando Paroli, the president of PPSA, a state company that represents the government’s interest in pre-salt oil projects. Companies are targeting areas near existing operations to connect any discoveries to existing production systems, he said.
“预盐层最大的区域已经过勘探，”他在里约热内卢举行的拍卖会上对记者说，“虽然还有其他有前景的区域，但由于涉及超深水，任何发现都必须规模巨大，才具备经济可行性。”这些区块采用生产分成模式，即各公司通过向政府承诺让渡更高比例的石油利润来参与竞争。其中，PRIO 为 Magnetita 区块提出的最高石油利润分成比例为 32.8%。PRIO 表示，其持有的两个预盐层区块靠近公司的 Frade 和 Wahoo 项目，任何勘探成功都可能与其 Valente 浮式生产装置实现连接。
“The pre-salt’s largest areas have already been explored,” he told reporters at the bid round in Rio de Janeiro. “There are other promising areas, but because we’re talking about ultra-deep waters, discoveries need to be very large to be economically viable.”The blocks are under a production-sharing model where companies compete by offering the largest share of profit oil to the government. The highest profit oil offered was 32.8% bid by PRIO for the Magnetita block. PRIO said the two pre-salt blocks it has are near its Frade and Wahoo projects, and any exploration successes could be connected to its Valente floating production vessel.
巴西的“盐下层”油田是世界上最富产的离岸石油区域之一。其开发已助力巴西成为拉丁美洲最大的石油生产国，并在今年成为美洲地区最重要的新增供应来源之一，而伊朗战争则彻底改变了全球石油市场。然而，大约二十年前开始的大规模发现浪潮已经消退，预计巴西的石油产量将在2030年代开始下降。
Brazil’s pre-salt is one of the world’s most prolific offshore oil regions. Its development has helped turn the country into Latin America’s largest producer and one of the biggest sources of new supply in the Americas this year as the Iran war upended global oil markets. But a wave of giant discoveries that started about two decades ago has faded and the Brazil’s output is expected to start declining in the 2030s.
“巴西的希望寄托于其他勘探区域，”位于里约热内卢的独立石油顾问马塞洛·德·阿西斯（Marcelo De Assis）表示。“我的总体看法是，此次结果表现疲软，缺乏竞争，政府获得的石油利润比例较低，而且大约一半的区块已经易主。”埃奎诺尔公司（Equinor）在桑托斯盆地赢得的罗多克罗西塔（Rodocrosita）区块与其“鳕鱼”（Bacalhau）项目存在协同效应，而“鳕鱼”项目是该公司在挪威以外最大的离岸油田。
“Brazil’s hopes lie in other exploration areas,” said Marcelo De Assis, an independent oil consultant based in Rio de Janeiro. “My overall view was a weak result with no competition, low government profit oil percentages and about half of the blocks gone.”The Rodocrosita block in Santos basin won by Equinor has synergies with its Bacalhau project, its largest offshore field outside of Norway, said Letícia Andrade, its vice-president for exploration and production in Brazil.
埃奎诺尔公司在巴西的勘探与生产副总裁莱蒂西亚·安德拉德（Letícia Andrade）表示，该公司与拥有30%少数股权的加尔普能源公司（Galp Energia SGPS SA）合作赢得了该区块。此外，埃奎诺尔还以100%的持股比例赢得了同一盆地的鲁比（Rubi）区块。
The company won the block in partnership with Galp Energia SGPS SA, which has a minority 30% stake. Equinor also won the Rubi block in the same basin with a 100% stake.
巴西石油监管机构——国家石油、天然气和生物燃料局（ANP）将于今日晚些时候，通过另一项特许模式，推出超过300个位于陆地及更多前沿勘探区域的额外区块。
More than 300 additional blocks on land and in more frontier exploration areas will be offered later today by Brazil’s oil regulator, known as the ANP, under a separate concession model.