周二，OpenAI 发布了数百项新的数学研究成果，令数学家们惊叹不已。
OpenAI has astounded mathematicians after releasing hundreds of new mathematical findings on Tuesday.
该公司公布了超过 370 项涵盖代数、理论计算机科学和数学逻辑等多个领域的数学成果，展示了其部分最先进的人工智能模型所具备的能力。
The company published over 370 mathematical results across a variety of topics such as algebra, theoretical computer science and mathematical logic, showcasing what some of its most advanced artificial intelligence models are capable of.
上个月，该公司解决了纳维-斯托克斯方程——这是世界上最难解的数学问题之一，任何成功破解者都将获得 100 万美元的奖励。
Last month, the company solved the Navier-Stokes equation, one of the world’s toughest mathematical problems with a $1m reward for anyone who cracked it.
这一成就引发了该领域专家的担忧。他们认为，前沿实验室不应在专有的人工智能模型上测试最复杂的数学问题，因为这些模型并不向广大数学家开放。位于新泽西州普林斯顿的先进研究所（Institute for Advanced Study）是一个由数学专家组成的独立组织，该机构表示并不支持这种做法。
The achievement prompted concerns from leaders in the field who say that frontier labs should not be testing the most advanced mathematical problems on proprietary AI models that are not accessible to the broader field of mathematicians. The Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, an independent group of mathematical experts, said that it does not endorse the practice.
该组织在一份声明中写道：“如今，人工智能已经能够在人类无法理解、验证或对其负责的情况下，输出数学论证。我们认为，人类对数学的理解仍然至关重要。在这个新时代，我们应如何努力构建一种新的范式，将人类对数学的理解纳入负责任的学术成果之中？”为了回应数学界的担忧，OpenAI 宣布将与先进研究所合作，让“数学家在如何推进未来工作方面拥有发言权”。
“It is now the case that AI can output mathematical arguments in situations without the human who prompted it being able to understand the arguments, verify them, or take responsibility for them,” a statement from the organization read. “We believe that human understanding of mathematics remains of paramount importance. How, in this new era, can we work towards a new paradigm that includes human understanding of mathematics as part of responsible scholarly output?”To address concerns from the mathematics community, OpenAI announced it would work with the Institute for Advanced Study in order to give “mathematicians a voice in how we move forward”.
然而，该公司并未表示会停止使用这些复杂问题来测试其人工智能模型。该领域的专家担心，OpenAI 并未对研究成果进行必要的严格审查。
The company did not indicate, however, that it would stop testing its AI models with these advanced problems. Experts in the field say they worry OpenAI is not doing the due diligence required to vet these results.
在接受《纽约时报》采访时，纽约大学的数学家特里斯坦·巴克马斯特（Tristan Buckmaster）表示，他当时正在研究纳维-斯托克斯问题。他认为，那些引导人工智能模型求解方程的数学家，可能实际上提供了帮助模型得出结果的信息。
In an interview with the New York Times, Tristan Buckmaster, a New York University mathematician who was working on the Navier-Strokes problem, said mathematicians who were prompting AI models to solve equations could be providing information that helped the model get to the result.
巴克马斯特说：“很可能存在大量这样的成果：他们借用他人的研究，然后将其完成。”
“There’s likely to be a bunch of results where they take someone’s work and then take it to completion,” Buckmaster said.
该顾问委员会还要求人工智能实验室向全球数学界提供其人工智能模型的“公平访问权”。
The advisory board has also asked that AI labs grant “equitable access” to their AI models to the global mathematics community.
该组织写道：“人工智能实验室使用专有的内部模型进行数学研究，存在制造‘两级分化’体系的风险——这些实验室将远远领先于领域内的其他研究者，从而实际上使数学界与其本应归属的学科相疏离。”
“The use of proprietary internal models by AI labs to do mathematical research risks creating a two-tier system where labs outrun the rest of the field, effectively alienating the mathematical community from its own discipline,” the group wrote.