丹尼尔·托马斯报道：伦敦证券交易所（LSE）负责人向英国广播公司（BBC）表示，在越来越多英国企业选择在美国而非本土上市之际，英国需要采取更多措施支持本国企业。
The UK needs to do more back its own companies at a time when a growing number are choosing to list their shares in the US rather than at home, the boss of the London Stock Exchange (LSE) has told the BBC.
朱莉娅·霍格特女爵士表示，政府需要让投资英国股市变得“更具吸引力”，否则大型公司将继续寻求海外机会以实现下一阶段的增长。
Dame Julia Hoggett said the government needed to make it "more attractive" to invest in the UK stock market, otherwise big firms would continue to look overseas for their next stage of growth.
过去几年，数十家大型企业已离开伦敦市场，或正在考虑迁往他处，或被外国私人投资者收购。
Over the last few years, scores of big firms have left the London market, are considering a move or have been bought by private foreign investors.
人们担心，这会通过减少税收收入并压低企业估值，从而削弱英国经济。
The fear is this weakens the UK economy by reducing tax revenues and depressing business valuations.
朱莉娅女爵士在BBC的“大老板”播客节目中表示：“如果我们希望英国支持英国——正如我听到财政大臣和首相所说的那样——那么我们就必须确保创造结构性激励措施来实现这一目标。”“我们需要松开手刹。”
"If we want Britain to back Britain, which is what I hear the chancellor and the prime minister saying, then let's make sure that we're creating structural incentives to do so," Dame Julia told the BBC's Big Boss podcast. "We need to take the handbrake off."
伦敦证券交易所主板市场由约930家公司组成，总市值约为4.9万亿英镑。其中近40%为国际企业，来自80多个国家。
The LSE's main market is made up of around 930 companies with a total market value of about £4.9 trillion. Almost 40% are international businesses, hailing from over 80 countries.
但近年来，许多公司已从伦敦证券交易所退市或迁往其他市场，包括加入阿姆斯特丹证券交易所的外卖连锁品牌Just Eat、选择法兰克福市场的旅游巨头途易（Tui），以及现于纽约交易的Paddy Power母公司Flutter。与此同时，在伦敦新上市的公司数量也在减少。
But in the last few years, many firms have delisted or moved away from the LSE, including takeaway chain Just Eat, which joined the Amsterdam stock exchange, travel giant Tui which opted for Frankfurt, and Paddy Power-owner Flutter which now trades in New York. Meanwhile, the number of companies newly listing their shares in London has dwindled.
去年，伦敦市场共有23家企业完成首次公开募股（IPO），融资21亿英镑。而在资本市场规模大得多的美国，共有354家企业完成IPO，融资440亿美元（约合330亿英镑）。
Last year, there were 23 initial public offerings (IPOs) on the London market, with £2.1bn raised. In the US, which has much larger capital markets, there were 354 with $44bn (£33bn) raised.
这一趋势与英国投资资金大量流入美国股市以寻求更高回报的现象相吻合。
It has coincided in a big rise of UK investment money flowing into US stocks in search of better returns.
朱莉娅女爵士表示：“作为一个国家，我们谈论希望在每个邮编区域实现增长，但眼下，我们中的许多人却在为每个邮政编码区域的增长提供资金。”她补充说：“我们并不缺乏优秀的公司，也不缺乏资本。”
"We talk as a nation about wanting growth in every postcode, but at the moment, a lot of us are funding growth in every zip code," Dame Julia said. There was "no shortage of great companies and no shortage of capital", she added.
但她表示，对英国市场的负面情绪——其中许多往往被夸大了——过去确实促使一些公司撤离。
But negative sentiment about the UK market - which was often exaggerated - had contributed to companies leaving in the past, she said.
“我们需要停止作为一个国家而相互贬低……这已经成了一种国民习惯。”不过，她也指出，英国人需要更多“激励措施”来投资英国股票。
"We need to stop throwing shade at ourselves as a nation... it's a national habit." However, she said British people needed more "incentives" to invest in UK stocks.
她希望政府取消英国人购买本国股票时需缴纳的0.5%税款，并指出购买外国股票时则无需缴税。
She wants the government to scrap the 0.5% tax Britons pay when they purchase UK shares, pointing out there is no tax when they buy foreign stocks.
她还支持为投资国内市场的英国人提供税收抵免。英国曾在2016年之前实施过类似计划。
She also supports the idea of tax credits for Britons investing domestically. The UK had such a scheme until 2016.
企业游说团体英国工业联合会已呼吁采取紧急行动，以阻止企业撤离伦敦证券交易所。
Business lobbying group the Confederation of British Industry has called for urgent action to halt the exodus of firms from the London Stock Exchange.
该组织表示，需要更宽松的监管、更有效的营销以及对投资者的激励措施，才能遏制企业外流。政府未透露股市改革是否会纳入本月预算案。
It said that lighter regulation, better marketing and incentives for investors were needed to stem the outflow. The government declined to say if stock market reform would be part of its Budget this month.
一名发言人表示：“与以往一样，税收相关决策应由财政大臣在财政发布会上公布，而非对传言、猜测或提案进行常规评论。”
"As has always been the case, decisions on tax are a matter for the chancellor to set out at fiscal events, rather than routinely commenting on rumour, speculation or proposals," a spokesman said.