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阿纳多卢通讯社

共谋、审查与有罪不罚:“头条修补者”阿萨尔·拉德谈西方媒体如何报道加沙Complicity, censorship and impunity: 'Headline fixer' Assal Rad on how Western media covered Gaza

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“停火协议对巴勒斯坦人而言没有任何改变,唯一不同的是,他们被杀的速度变慢了,”Rad说道。她认为,对伊朗发动战争的逻辑“与2003年入侵伊拉克时所用的那一套说辞非常相似”。在她的新书中,Assal Rad将《纽约时报》的两则头条并列呈现。

Nothing has changed for Palestinians under ceasefire 'except for they're being killed on a slower scale,' says Rad Case for war on Iran 'very similar to the sort of playbook' used to justify 2003 Iraq invasion, she says In her new book, Assal Rad places two New York Times headlines side by side. One reads: "Russia Pounds Ukrainian Cities in One of the Largest Air Attacks of the War." The other: "Explosion Gazans Say Was Airstrike Leaves Many Casualties in Dense Neighborhood."

一则标题是:“俄罗斯对乌克兰城市发动猛烈轰炸,这是战争以来最大规模的空袭之一。”另一则则是:“加沙民众称爆炸系空袭所致,密集居住区多人伤亡。”

Above the first, a note reads: "Attacker named." Above the second: "By who?"

第一则标题上方有一行注释:“袭击者身份明确。”而第二则标题上方则写着:“是谁干的?”对Rad而言——这位中东历史学者和政治活动家以“标题修正者”闻名网络,她常通过划掉并改写西方媒体关于加沙的报道来揭露偏见——这种差异并非偶然。

For Rad, a scholar of Middle East history and political advocate known online as the "headline fixer" for striking through and rewriting Western headlines on Gaza, the difference is no accident. "It's complicity, in my view, because they're very knowingly doing it. It's not an accident," she told Anadolu.

“在我看来,这是一种共谋,因为他们完全是明知故犯,绝非无心之失,”她向阿纳多卢通讯社表示。

“You see a difference in the way they treat the Russian invasion of Ukraine versus Israel's actions in Gaza,” she added.

她还补充道:“你们会看到,媒体在报道俄罗斯入侵乌克兰与以色列在加沙的行为时,态度截然不同。”

Her book, Don't Say Palestine: How the Media Manufactured Consent for Genocide, borrows its subtitle from the 1988 work by Edward Herman and Noam Chomsky, who, she said, argued that the press in Western liberal democracies functions as "a propaganda arm of the state."

她的书名为《别说巴勒斯坦:媒体如何为种族灭绝制造共识》,副标题则借用了爱德华·赫尔曼和诺姆·乔姆斯基1988年的著作。Rad指出,这两位学者曾提出,西方自由民主国家的媒体实际上扮演着“国家宣传工具”的角色。

Rad said outlets still frame the Gaza genocide “as sort of conventional war" and treat it as "a tragedy or a consequence of urban warfare rather than a deliberate policy being carried out by Israel." She pointed to a leaked New York Times memo that instructed reporters to avoid words such as “genocide” and ethnic cleansing, according to the US-based news outlet The Intercept.

Rad表示,媒体仍将加沙的种族灭绝行为“描绘成某种常规战争”,并将其视为“城市战争的悲剧或后果,而非以色列蓄意实施的政策”。据美国新闻机构《拦截》报道,她还提到一份被泄露的《纽约时报》备忘录,该备忘录要求记者避免使用“种族灭绝”和“种族清洗”等词汇。

A Times spokesperson said at the time that "issuing guidance like this to ensure accuracy, consistency and nuance in how we cover the news is standard practice." "Every major institution and human rights organization in the world, including Israeli human rights organizations, including multiple UN reports, have concluded that Israel has committed genocide.

《时代报》的一位发言人当时表示:“发布此类指导方针,以确保我们在报道新闻时做到准确、一致且细致入微,是标准做法。”拉德说:“世界上所有主要机构和人权组织,包括以色列的人权组织以及多份联合国报告,都得出结论,认为以色列犯下了种族灭绝罪。然而,他们却想避免使用这一措辞,并声称保持中立。”拉德表示,这一选择背后存在“非常切实的法律影响”。

And yet, they want to avoid that language, claiming neutrality," Rad said. Rad said there is "a very real legal implication" behind that choice. "If the Western media admits that Israel is committing genocide, then they're also admitting that their own governments are complicit in that genocide and continue to illegally aid it," she said.

她说:“如果西方媒体承认以色列正在实施种族灭绝,那么他们也就承认自己的政府对此负有共谋责任,并且仍在非法地支持这一行为。”但她同时也认为,其中存在一种“潜意识因素”。

But she also sees a "subconscious element" at work. There is an "internalized Orientalism and racism that informs the way that many people in the Western world think about the region as a whole," she said, describing a “dehumanization process that becomes so ingrained that I think there are genuinely people who are unaware of their own racism.”

她说:“一种内化的东方主义和种族主义,影响着西方世界许多人对整个该地区的看法。”她描述说,这是一个“去人性化过程,已经根深蒂固,以至于我认为确实有人并未意识到自己存在种族主义倾向。”“以更缓慢的速度被杀害”在拉德看来,过去一年来西方媒体对加沙的报道减少,是“以停火协议为幌子”的。

'Killed on a slower scale' For Rad, the decline in Gaza coverage in the Western media over the past year has come "under the banner” of a ceasefire agreement. "Nothing has changed for Palestinians on the ground except for their being killed on a slower scale," she said.

她说:“对于加沙的巴勒斯坦人来说,除了被杀害的速度变慢了一些之外,其他什么都没有改变。”

Her comments come as Israel’s genocidal war on Gaza enters its fourth year, with more than 74,000 Palestinians killed and over 175,000 injured since October 2023, according to Palestinian figures.

她的言论发表之际,以色列对加沙的种族灭绝战争已进入第四年。根据巴勒斯坦方面的数据,自2023年10月以来,已有超过7.4万名巴勒斯坦人丧生,超过17.5万人受伤。

Israeli attacks have continued despite a ceasefire that took effect on Oct. 10, 2025. Palestinian figures put the toll since then at 1,454 killed and 5,090 injured.

尽管2025年10月10日停火协议生效,以色列的袭击仍在继续。据巴勒斯坦方面统计,自停火以来,已有1454人丧生,5090人受伤。拉德还提到了巴勒斯坦记者被杀害的问题。

Rad also pointed to the killing of Palestinian journalists. "When you slaughter all of the journalists who are telling the world what is happening, it really helps to decrease and decline the amount of footage that people are seeing." Speaking on the third anniversary of the Oct. 7, 2023 attack on Israel and the launch of its devastating war on Gaza, Rad said the date is "presented as if it exists in this vacuum," erasing the decades of Israeli occupation and blockade that came before it.

“当你把所有向全世界报道正在发生什么事的记者都杀害时,确实有助于减少人们能看到的视频画面数量。”在2023年10月7日袭击以色列事件及其对加沙发动的毁灭性战争爆发三周年之际,拉德表示,这一日期“被呈现得仿佛存在于真空中”,抹去了此前数十年以色列的占领和封锁。“彻头彻尾的胡言乱语”拉德的书还审视了前美国总统乔·拜登执政时期美国国务院的简报会,但她强调,她的批评针对的是“制度性偏见”,而非现场记者。

'Complete nonsense' Rad's book also examines State Department briefings under former US President Joe Biden, but she stressed that her criticism is aimed at "institutional bias," not at reporters in the room. Once their reports are edited, she said, "it turns into, 'Well, this is what they said,' even though the journalists themselves know they're not getting real answers."

她说,一旦这些报道经过编辑,“就会变成‘嗯,他们就是这么说的’,尽管记者们自己知道他们并没有得到真正的答案。”当被问及那些后来与这项政策划清界限的前拜登政府官员时,拉德毫不留情。

Asked about former Biden administration officials who have since distanced themselves from that policy, Rad did not hold back. "It's complete nonsense.

“这完全是胡说八道。他们明知故犯,做了所有他们做过的事,”她说。

They knowingly did everything that they did," she said.

“这些官员能够心安理得地出现在这些场合,并且心安理得地假装他们试图做其他任何事,这一切都是为了歪曲叙事,试图为自己犯下的罪行开脱。”前拜登政府官员曾为他们的执政记录辩护,称他们曾敦促以色列允许更多援助物资进入加沙。

"The fact that these officials feel comfortable to be in these spaces and feel comfortable to pretend like they were trying to do anything else is all about spinning the narrative and trying to absolve themselves for their own criminality." Former Biden administration officials have defended their record, saying they pressed Israel to allow more aid into Gaza.

从伊拉克到伊朗,拉德将这种有罪不罚的现象追溯到美国2003年入侵伊拉克,她指出,在那之后,无论是官员还是媒体都没有受到任何后果。

From Iraq to Iran Rad traces that impunity to the US’ 2003 invasion of Iraq, after which she said neither officials nor media faced consequences.

她在对伊朗的战争中看到了同样的模式,称发动这场战争的论调“与当时用来为入侵伊拉克辩护的套路非常相似。”

She sees the same pattern in the war on Iran, calling the case for it "very similar to the sort of playbook that was used in order to justify the invasion of Iraq."

她说,唯一改变的是公众,大多数美国人在一开始就反对对伊朗发动战争,“因为在目睹加沙大屠杀的过程中,人们对政府和媒体的信任已经彻底崩溃。”“问责必须从战争罪犯开始,”她说。

What has changed, she said, is the public, with a majority of Americans opposing the Iran war from the outset "because the trust in government and media has completely declined over watching the Gaza genocide." "Accountability has to start with the war criminals," she said.

至少来说,如果你是一名没有写出真相的记者,我认为你不应该在你没有写出真相的媒体机构里工作。

"At the very least, if you're a journalist that is not writing the truth, I don't think you should have a job at the outlet in which you are not writing the truth for."

在西方世界,人们推崇自由媒体的理念,庆祝自由媒体的存在,然而对巴勒斯坦人来说,记者的背心却成了攻击目标。

"There is this idea in the Western world that they toast the notion of a free press, that they celebrate the idea of a free press, and yet for Palestinians, the press vest is a target."