五角大楼周四宣布了一项新的数百万美元计划，旨在“维持美国在量子计算领域的领导地位”，以应对中美两国在先进技术军事应用方面的竞争日益加剧。
The Pentagon announced on Thursday a new multimillion-dollar initiative for “maintaining American leadership” in quantum computing capabilities amid accelerating competition between the US and China over the military application of advanced technology.
美国国防部研究与工程副部长办公室在一份新闻稿中宣布，这项价值约3.5亿美元的新计划旨在加强美国在量子计算领域的领导地位，以“支持国家安全”。研究与工程副部长埃米尔·迈克尔表示，量子计算的主导权是特朗普政府的“关键优先事项”，并援引了6月发布的一项行政命令，该命令要求加速这项技术在美国范围内的部署、商业化及本土制造。
In a press release, the Office of the Under Secretary of Defence for Research and Engineering, which serves as the US Department of Defence’s chief technology adviser, announced that the new initiative, worth around $350 million, is aimed at strengthening US leadership in quantum computing capabilities to “support national security.”Quantum computing dominance is a “critical priority” for the Trump administration, said Emil Michael, undersecretary of defence for research and engineering, citing a June executive order to accelerate the technology’s deployment, commercialisation and domestic manufacturing across the US.
他说：“在这一领域维持美国的领导地位，对于保持我们的技术优势至关重要。”
“Maintaining American leadership in this field is essential to preserving our technological edge,” he said.
这项新计划凸显了中美两国在开发先进技术和探索其潜在军事应用方面的竞赛，两国都在量子计算领域投入了大量资金。
The new initiative underscores the race between the US and China to develop advanced technologies and explore their potential military applications, with both countries investing heavily in quantum computing.
量子计算是一个发展迅速的技术领域，它利用量子力学原理，能够比传统计算机更快地解决复杂问题。
Quantum computing is a rapidly evolving field of technology that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to solve complex problems much faster than traditional computers.
它不仅通过加速数据处理、破解经典加密算法以及优化复杂的跨域作战和后勤供应链，为军队提供了增强战略优势的能力，还使其能够解决化学、材料科学、物理学和应用数学等领域中目前难以攻克的难题，而这些领域对于先进武器系统的研发至关重要。
It not only provides the military with enhanced capabilities for strategic advantage by accelerating data processing, cracking classical encryption, and optimising complex multi-domain operations and logistics supply chains, but also enables it to tackle currently intractable problems in disciplines such as chemistry, materials, physics and applied mathematics that are crucial to the development of advanced weapons systems.
五角大楼预计将在新倡议下应用新开发的量子计算机，以推动下一代武器、平台及其他关键能力的研发，这些能力可能“更具杀伤力、更具成本效益且更易于制造”，该新闻稿称。
The Pentagon is expected to apply the newly developed quantum computers under the new initiative to enable the development of next-generation weapons, platforms and other critical capabilities that could be “more lethal, cost-effective, and manufacturable,” the press release said.
据中国科学技术部官方报纸《科技日报》今年1月报道，自2017年中国成立投资100亿美元的量子信息科学国家实验室以来，中国人民解放军据称正在开发超过10种实验性量子网络战工具。
After China established a $10 billion National Laboratory for Quantum Information Sciences in 2017, the People’s Liberation Army is reportedly “under development” of more than 10 experimental quantum cyber warfare tools, according to the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology’s official newspaper, Science and Technology Daily, in January.
在3月公布的2026至2030年中国“十五五”规划中，加强量子技术和量子计算的研究与应用已被列为核心战略优先事项。
Under China’s 15th five-year plan between 2026 and 2030, unveiled in March, strengthening research and application of quantum technology and quantum computing has been designated as core strategic priorities.
作为回应，美国也一直在推动增加对量子计算的投资。据彭博社8月报道，美国众议院两党议员正寻求辩论一项国防拨款法案，该法案将每年用于量子研发和应用的军事支出提高68%，达到5.67亿美元。
In response, the US has also been pushing for increased investment in quantum computing, with US House lawmakers from both parties reportedly seeking to debate defence funding legislation that would increase annual military spending on quantum development and application by 68 per cent to $567 million, according to a Bloomberg report in August.
上个月，美国能源部启动了“量子起源Q竞赛”，为私营企业提供高达2.15亿美元的资金，用于建造并演示世界上首台容错量子计算机。这类计算机能够在计算过程中持续检测并纠正内部错误，同时解决复杂的科学问题。
Last month, the US Department of Energy launched the Quantum Genesis Q Competition, offering up to $215 million in funding for private sector companies to build and demonstrate the world’s first fault-tolerant quantum computers capable of solving complex scientific problems while continuously detecting and correcting internal errors as calculations take place.
周四，五角大楼在另一份新闻稿中表示，其战略资本办公室已向PsiQuantum Corp签署了一项1.5亿美元的有条件贷款承诺，以增强该公司在美国的先进制造和原型开发能力。此前，该公司于7月根据“量子基准测试倡议”与DARPA达成了一项价值1.25亿美元的扩展协议。
In a separate press release on Thursday, the Pentagon said that its Office of Strategic Capital has signed a $150 million conditional loan commitment to PsiQuantum Corp to enhance the company’s advanced manufacturing and prototyping capabilities in the US, following the company’s $125 million expanded agreement with DARPA in July under the Quantum Benchmarking Initiative.
DARPA的量子基准测试计划于2024年首次公布，是一项分多阶段进行的计划，旨在严格验证并确认，到2033年是否能够成功构建并运行一台具备实用规模且容错的量子计算机。
First announced in 2024, DARPA’s Quantum Benchmarking Initiative is a multistage programme aiming to rigorously verify and validate whether a utility-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computer can be successfully constructed and operated by 2033.
周三，DARPA选出了一批新公司，使其进入该计划的C阶段。该阶段最高可获得3亿美元资金，参与公司包括Atom Computing、Diraq、IBM、IonQ、Microsoft和PsiQuantum，这些公司将进行直接的物理测试和实证验证。
On Wednesday, DARPA selected a new cohort of companies to advance to Stage C of the programme, worth up to $300 million, including Atom Computing, Diraq, IBM, IonQ, Microsoft and PsiQuantum, for direct physical testing and empirical validation.