我们或许都曾刷到过那些令人心碎的动物故事,心里想着:一个人能做些什么呢?这一次,两位重量级人物参与其中。2026年8月4日,由莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥联合创立的环保组织Re:wild,以及由杰夫·贝索斯担任主席的贝索斯地球基金共同宣布了“凤凰物种计划”。据Re:wild发布的新闻稿称,该计划启动之初便获得了2亿美元的资助,用于拯救全球100种最濒危的物种。
We all have probably scrolled past a sad animal story and wondered: what can one person do? This time, two big names were involved. On August 4, 2026, Re:wild, a group co-founded by Leonardo DiCaprio, and the Bezos Earth Fund, chaired by Jeff Bezos, announced the Phoenix Species Project. It began with a $200 million pledge to help save 100 of the world’s most threatened species, according to a Re:wild press release.
穿山甲、蝾螈以及一些稀有猪种均位列其中。资金的来源与用途这笔资金来自多个渠道。在启动时所承诺的2亿美元中,1亿美元由贝索斯地球基金提供;另外1亿美元则来自Re:wild,该组织得到了迪卡普里奥、“Age of Union”组织以及托德·格雷夫斯家族基金会的支持。这100种物种涵盖了哺乳动物、鸟类、鱼类、植物等,分布于全球30个国家。
Pangolins, salamanders and rare pigs make the list. Where the money comes from and where it goesThe money came from a few different sources. Of the $200 million promised at launch, $100 million came from the Bezos Earth Fund. Another $100 million came from Re:wild, supported by DiCaprio, Age of Union and the Todd Graves Family Foundation. The 100 species are mammals, birds, fish, plants and more, from 30 countries.
Re:wild表示,这项工作将由100多个合作伙伴共同推进,包括原住民、当地社区及各国政府。国际自然保护联盟物种生存委员会也作为知识合作伙伴参与其中,旨在确保相关研究工作始终保持科学严谨性。Re:wild的巴尼·朗指出,每种物种都将获得为期五年的资金支持,这样相关团队就不必为申请短期资助而奔波劳碌了。
The work will be led by more than 100 partners, including Indigenous Peoples, local communities and governments, Re:wild said. The IUCN Species Survival Commission was a knowledge partner. Its goal is to help ensure the science remains rigorous. Barney Long of Re:wild said each species would get five years of support so teams wouldn't be chasing short grants.
部分濒危物种介绍这份名单涵盖了种类繁多的物种,在计划官网上它们均被标注为“极危”或“野外灭绝”状态。金冠狐猴是一种栖息在马达加斯加北部森林中的灵长类动物;山核桃峡谷绿蝾螈则是一种树栖物种,仅能在北卡罗来纳州的一个小峡谷中找到。夜鹦鹉是一种仅分布于澳大利亚内陆地区的沙漠鸟类,生态学家尼克·莱塞伯格称,这种鸟曾消失近150年才被重新发现。
Meet some of the animalsThe list includes a wide range of species. Each one is listed as Critically Endangered or Extinct in the Wild on the project's website. The golden-crowned sifaka is a lemur that lives in the northern forests of Madagascar. The Hickory Nut Gorge green salamander is arboreal. You can find it only in one little canyon in North Carolina. The night parrot is a desert bird found only in Australia's outback. Ecologist Nick Leseberg said it went missing for nearly 150 years before being rediscovered.
此外,名单上还有外形似鲨鱼的弓口蝠鲼,以及一种名为“毛茸茸的肚脐”的微型沙漠多肉植物。相关报道还提到了菲律宾的维萨扬疣猪以及东南亚地区的马来穿山甲。
Also on the list is the bowmouth guitarfish, a shark-looking ray, and the fuzzy belly button, a tiny desert succulent. Reports of the launch also included the Visayan warty pig of the Philippines and the Malayan pangolin of Southeast Asia.
保护资金真的能发挥作用吗?这些投入真的有帮助吗?2024年发表在《科学》杂志上的一篇题为《保护行动的积极影响》的研究提供了一些答案。研究者们分析了186项研究,涉及665个实验案例,并将保护措施的成效与不采取任何措施的情况进行了对比。结果显示,在三分之二的情况下,实施保护措施后,生物多样性状况要么得到改善,要么至少减缓了恶化的趋势。
Is conservation money really effective? Is this spending really helping? Some answers come from a 2024 study in Science, ‘The positive impact of conservation action.’The authors examined 186 studies, which included 665 trials. They weighed the results of conservation against the results of doing nothing. The authors found that in two-thirds of cases, conservation "either improved the state of biodiversity or at least slowed declines" compared with no action.
该研究还证实了控制外来物种、设立保护区以及修复栖息地等措施的有效性。不过研究者也指出,要实现全球保护目标,还需要大幅增加保护投入。这也与Re:wild组织所倡导的长期、稳定的资金支持理念相契合。
The study also found evidence supporting measures like invasive species control, protected areas, and habitat restoration. But the authors said conservation is going to have to ramp up a lot to meet global targets. That fits with the long-term, steady funding Re:wild mentioned.
需要明确的是,大规模的资金投入只是起点,而非最终目的。拯救任何一个物种往往需要数年时间。项目发起方表示,他们会在官网及社交媒体上持续记录相关物种种群的恢复情况,以便随时监测进展。该计划被视作一项致力于拯救极度濒危物种的重大公益项目。来自Fanamby协会的蒂安娜·安德里亚马纳指出,这笔资金让她的团队不再仅仅局限于防止物种灭绝,还能采取更多实质性措施。她的团队也因此获得了用于保护西法卡狐猴的项目资助。
What this does and does not meanBig launches are only the starting point, not the end goal. Saving any species often takes years. The project's organizers said it will be documenting the recovery of the populations on its website and on social media platforms. It allows teams to monitor progress throughout the process. The group describes it as a major philanthropic project devoted to critically endangered species. Tiana Andriamanana from the Association Fanamby noted that the funding means her team can now do more than simply hold the line against extinction. Her group is receiving a project grant for the sifaka.
对于那些关心地球环境却感到力不从心的年轻读者而言,这一举措无疑带来了一线希望。虽然大多数受保护动物生活在远离我们居住地的地区,但当地合作伙伴才是实际执行工作的主力。目前,东南亚的穿山甲、北卡罗来纳州峡谷中的蝾螈以及菲律宾的某种野猪,都已被列入该计划资助名单,总计有2亿美元的资金将用于它们的保护。
For young readers who are concerned about the planet but feel stuck, this story can feel like a ray of hope. Most of these animals live far away from most of us. However, the local partners lead the work. For now, a pangolin in Southeast Asia, a salamander in a North Carolina canyon, and a pig in the Philippines are on a list with $200 million behind it.