该国伊斯兰社区的领袖，在国家面前代表穆斯林的利益，就政治、道德和社会问题发表观点，并捍卫波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那伊斯兰社区的独立性，抵御外来影响。
the head of the country's Islamic community, represents the interests of Muslims before the state, expresses himself on political, moral and social issues and defends the independence of the Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina against attempts at foreign influence.
现任大穆夫提胡塞因·卡瓦佐维奇已任职两个七年任期，不得再次参选。
Having served two seven-year terms, the current Grand Mufti, Husein Kavazovic, is no longer permitted to run.
三位候选人正在竞逐其继任者职位：莫斯塔尔穆夫提萨利姆·德多维奇、萨拉热窝穆夫提内扎德·格拉布斯，以及波黑伊斯兰社区宗教事务局局长兼大穆夫提特使门苏尔·马尔基奇。
Three candidates are competing to become his successor: Salem Dedovic, the Mufti of Mostar, Nedzad Grabus, the Mufti of Sarajevo, and Mensur Malkic, the head of the Directorate for Religious Affairs of the Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Grand Mufti's envoy.
马尔基奇的重点在于从宗教和制度层面强化伊斯兰社区，德多维奇则表示，他从更政治的角度看待这一职位，并希望其更多地参与社会辩论。拥有最丰富国际经验的格拉布斯曾任斯洛文尼亚大穆夫提，他说希望在全球化和世俗化时代强化社区。"欧洲没有其他伊斯兰教人物拥有像萨拉热窝莱斯·乌莱马那样的职位，"巴伐利亚彭茨贝格市伊斯兰社区负责人、慕尼黑伊斯兰论坛主席伊玛目本杰明·伊德里兹说。"这就是为什么这次选举的重要性远远超出该国，关系到整个欧洲的穆斯林和非穆斯林。"
While Malkic's focus lies in strengthening the Islamic Community in religious and institutional terms, Dedovic has stated that he sees the office in a more political light and would like it to become more engaged in social debates. Grabus, who has the most international experience as the former Grand Mufti of Slovenia says he would like to strengthen the community in times of globalization and secularization. "No other Islamic personality in Europe holds a position like the Reis-ul-ulema in Sarajevo," said Imam Benjamin Idriz, the head of the Islamic Community in the Bavarian city of Penzberg and the chair of the Munich Forum for Islam. "That's why the importance of this election extends far beyond the country, to Muslims and non-Muslims alike, across Europe."
大穆夫提胡塞因·卡瓦佐维奇已届满两个任期 德国波斯尼亚克伊斯兰社区（IGBD）主席泽纳希尔·姆拉科维奇表示："这次选举对我们很重要，因为在历史、神学和制度层面，我们与波黑伊斯兰社区有着紧密联系。" "波斯尼亚克"是波黑穆斯林对自己的称呼。IGBD在全国拥有约100个社区，是德国较小的穆斯林协会之一。
Grand Mufti Husein Kavazovic has reached the end of his two terms The President of the Islamic Community of Bosniaks in Germany (IGBD), Zenahir Mrakovic, said that the "election is important to us, because historically, theologically and institutionally, we share close ties with the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina." "Bosniak" is the name Bosnian Muslims use for themselves. With around 100 communities across the country, the IGBD is one of Germany's smaller Muslim associations.
穆斯林在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那已经生活了几个世纪。伊斯兰教是在奥斯曼帝国扩张至东南欧时传入该地区的。1878年柏林会议之后，伊斯兰教团体的组织结构得以确立；此次会议还决定将波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那置于奥匈帝国的统治之下。
Muslims have lived in Bosnia and Herzegovina for centuries. Islam was introduced to the population when to Ottoman Empire spread through southeastern Europe. The organizational structure of the Islamic Communities was established after the Berlin Congress in 1878, which, among other things, placed Bosnia and Herzegovina under Austro-Hungarian rule.
仿照基督教教会的做法，奥匈帝国统治者很快正式承认了伊斯兰教为一种宗教信仰，并于1882年成立了“乌莱玛委员会”（Ulema Council），并任命了首位“乌莱玛领袖”（Reis-ul-ulema）担任该委员会的主席。
Following the example of Christian churches, the Austro-Hungarian rulers soon officially recognized Islam as a religious community and in 1882, they founded the Council of Ulema and appointed the first Reis-ul-ulema as president.
波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的伊斯兰教团体具有独特的自我组织机制，这种自我管理方式堪称整个欧洲穆斯林社区的典范。该团体独立于国家政权，其资金来源包括捐赠、会费以及穆斯林自愿缴纳的“天课”（zakat，即一种慈善捐款）。该团体拥有自己的议会（Sabor）和宪法法院，以确保其活动符合所在国家的宪法规定。“Riyaset”是该团体的最高执行机构，负责执行各项决策；其总部设在萨拉热窝。
Unique self-organization of the Muslim faith This kind of Islamic self-organization could become a model for Muslims across Europe. The Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina is independent from the state and is financed with donations, membership fees and zakat, a form of charity given by Muslims. The Islamic Community has its own sort of parliament, the Sabor, and a Constitutional Court that ensures the community's actions are in line with the constitution of the country in which it operates. The Riyaset is the community's highest executive body, responsible for implementing decisions. Its headquarters are in Sarajevo.
自成立以来，该团体在过去的150年里经历了多次政治动荡，但始终能够适应新的环境。奥斯曼帝国之后，波斯尼亚先后处于哈布斯堡王朝和奥匈帝国的统治之下，随后又成为南斯拉夫王国及约瑟普·布罗兹·铁托领导的南斯拉夫共和国的一部分。铁托去世后，波斯尼亚独立战争于1995年通过《代顿协议》结束。
In the 150 years since its founding, the Islamic Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina has survived numerous political upheavals and repeatedly adapted to new circumstances. After the Ottoman Empire came the Habsburg monarchy and Austro-Hungarian rule, then the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the Republic of Yugoslavia under Josip Broz Tito. Following Tito's death, the Bosnian War for independence ended in 1995 with the Dayton Accords.
如今，波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那是一个实行民主宪政的世俗国家。伊斯兰教团体始终明确拒绝任何极端主义倾向，与犹太教和基督教团体保持着良好的合作与共存关系。这也给生活在德国的约40万波斯尼亚穆斯林留下了深刻印象。
Today, Bosnia and Herzegovina is a secular state with a democratic constitutional order. Time and again, the Islamic Community has clearly distanced itself from radical tendencies. It has a history of cooperation and coexistence with Jewish and Christian communities. This has also left an impression on the roughly 400,000 Bosnian Muslims living in Germany.
“在将伊斯兰教制度化（即使其成为德国社会的一部分）的过程中，应该更加重视波斯尼亚穆斯林社区的经验，”前伊玛目、奥斯纳布吕克大学伊斯兰神学研究所讲师埃斯纳夫·贝吉奇（Esnaf Begic）表示。“我们是欧洲本土的穆斯林，在某些方面，我们与德国人的共同点比与阿富汗、伊朗或沙特阿拉伯的穆斯林更多。”
"In the process of institutionalizing Islam in Germany, the experience of the Bosniaks' Islamic Community should be taken more strongly into account," said Esnaf Begic, a former imam and a lecturer at the Institute for Islamic Theology at Osnabrück University. "We are autochthonous European Muslims and to a certain extent, we share more similarities with Germans than with Muslims from Afghanistan, Iran or Saudi Arabia."
IGBD（波斯尼亚穆斯林理事会）的负责人姆拉科维奇（Mrakovic）也认为，波斯尼亚在民主、多元化的社会中组织宗教生活的经验对其他穆斯林社区也有借鉴意义。“我们的目标不是去告诉别人该如何信仰伊斯兰教，而是从自己的经验中学习：如何在保持宗教身份的同时，成为欧洲民主社会的一部分。”在波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那，伊斯兰女权主义思想更为普遍。
Mrakovic, head of the IGBD, agrees that Bosnia's experience with organizing religious life in a democratic and pluralistic society could also be useful to other Muslim communities. "It's not about telling other people how to live their Islamic faith but about learning from our own experiences: how we preserve our religious identity while remaining a natural part of European, democratic society. Islamic feminism is more widespread in Bosnia and Herzegovina An office in challenging times The new head of Bosnian Muslims will be assuming his role in challenging times. Statehood in Bosnia and Herzegovina remains fragile, and foreign actors are vying for more influence.
这位新任的波斯尼亚穆斯林领袖将在一个充满挑战的时代上任：波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那的国家地位仍然不稳定，外部势力正在争夺更多影响力。“试图施加影响的势力不仅来自安卡拉或利雅得，还有华盛顿、柏林和布鲁塞尔；他们也在试图根据自己的利益来影响‘Reis-ul-ulema’（伊斯兰教领袖）的决策，”贝吉奇说。
"Attempts to exert more influence aren't only coming from Ankara or Riyah, but also from Washington, Berlin or Brussels. They, too are, trying to act upon the Reis-ul-ulema in their own interest," Begic said.
在欧洲，反穆斯林的种族主义和伊斯兰恐惧症现象日益严重，这让穆斯林感到恐惧。右翼民粹主义者势力正在上升，极端主义政党吸引了越来越多试图剥夺穆斯林社会参与权的支持者。
In Europe, anti-Muslim racism and Islamophobia have reached levels that are becoming increasingly frightening for Muslims. Right-wing populists are on the rise, and extremist parties are attracting more and more supporters bent on denying Muslims the right to participate in society.
在这种情况下，这位新任的伊斯兰教领袖将被期望充分利用其职位所赋予的民主合法性，积极参与关于欧洲伊斯兰教的讨论。
Given the circumstances, the new Reis-ul-ulema will be expected to employ the full democratic and historical legitimacy of his office to actively engage in debates about Islam in Europe.
这也是彭茨贝格的伊玛目伊德里斯所期望的。他认为，新的“Reis-ul-ulema”（伊斯兰教领袖）不仅能够增强波斯尼亚穆斯林的信心，还能提升整个欧洲穆斯林的信心；同时，这一职位可以向欧洲主流社会传递一个明确的信息：伊斯兰教是欧洲文化的一部分，它尊重并倡导诸如法治、性别平等以及言论自由等价值观。伊德里斯表示：“未来，这位伊斯兰教领袖应该更加重视这些价值观的推广。”
This is what Idriz, the imam from Penzberg, hopes for, too. He believes the new Reis-ul-ulema could inspire more confidence not only in Bosniaks, but in all European Muslims, while signaling to majority societies that Islam is a part of Europe, and that it affirms and embraces values such as the rule of law, gender equality and freedom of expression "In the future, the Reis-ul-ulema should lay an even stronger emphasis on this," Idriz said.