波兰华沙——爱沙尼亚无人空中系统制造商KrattWorks正在开发一种新型空中靶机，该靶机将模拟喷气式“沙赫德”型无人机的运行方式，帮助军队练习击落俄罗斯在持续入侵乌克兰行动中使用的最主要空中威胁之一。
WARSAW, Poland — Estonian unmanned aerial system producer KrattWorks is developing a new aerial target drone that will mimic the operations of jet-powered Shahed-type drones, enabling militaries to practice shooting down one of the main aerial threats used by Russia in its ongoing invasion of Ukraine.
作为其国际扩张计划的一部分，该公司正在今年于华盛顿举行的AUSA会议上推广其无人解决方案，以加强在美国的市场影响力。
As part of its international expansion plans, the company is promoting its unmanned solutions at this year’s AUSA conference in Washington as it seeks to strengthen its presence in the United States.
该公司大力推动该项目，因为乌克兰及其他欧洲国家的众多反无人机系统制造商正努力使其拦截机的成本低于需要击毁的靶机，并确保这些拦截机能够使用现成组件进行大规模生产。
The company is pushing the project as numerous anti-drone system producers in Ukraine and other European countries are striving to make their interceptors cheaper than the targets they are meant to strike, and also suitable for mass production using readily available components.
KrattWorks业务发展经理Ranno Pajuri告诉《国防新闻》，这款新型模拟无人机预计将于2027年底亮相。
Ranno Pajuri, business development manager at KrattWorks, told Defense News the new dummy drone is expected to be presented by the end of 2027.
“我们需要获得一个足够可靠的可用原型。幸运的是，我们拥有可以较容易地适配不同硬件的软件，”他表示，“但如果这款无人机与我们现有的产品差异巨大、速度也大幅提升，那么在实现稳定并准备演示之前，还需要考虑许多变量。”乌克兰军队是这款新解决方案的潜在用户之一，这家爱沙尼亚公司此前已向乌军提供过一次性攻击无人机以及“幽灵龙”ISR无人机等其他产品。
“We need to obtain a working prototype that is reliable enough. The good thing is that we have software which can be adapted to different hardware quite easily,” he said. “But if the drone becomes so much different from what we have today and so much faster, then there are many variables to consider before it is stabilized and ready for a demonstration.”The Ukrainian Army, to which the Estonian company has supplied one-way attack drones as well as other products such as its Ghost Dragon ISR drone, is one of the potential users of the new solution.
KrattWorks已向欧洲客户交付了无人机，目前正努力扩大在美国以及亚洲和非洲多个市场的影响力。KrattWorks表示，其“幽灵龙”ISR系统也已在爱沙尼亚、格鲁吉亚和摩尔多瓦等地部署。
KrattWorks has delivered its UAVs to customers in Europe, and the company is currently making efforts to boost its foothold in the United States as well as various markets in Asia and Africa. KrattWorks says its Ghost Dragon ISR systems have also been deployed in Estonia, Georgia and Moldova, among others.
“我们的无人机均在爱沙尼亚生产。如果需求增加，我们拥有充足的额外产能来提升产量。空中靶机通常能在较短时间内完成制造，”帕尤里说道。“不过，如果确有必要，且目标市场的需求足够旺盛，我们也愿意将部分生产环节转移过去。”据该公司介绍，其产品系列包括用于对抗防空导弹、重机枪及高射炮的DART固定翼空中靶机，以及配备雷达反射器、最高时速可达200公里/小时的DART-R空中诱饵机。此外，KrattWorks还生产PARM四旋翼空中靶机。
“We produce our drones in Estonia. We have enough extra capacity to ramp up the production if the demand will grow. Aerial target drones are usually made within quite a short lead time,” Pajuri said. “But we are open to some level of transfer of production if this is necessary and the demand is large enough in the country to which we are selling our products.”KrattWorks says its product portfolio includes the DART fixed-wing aerial target, which is intended for use against air-defense missiles, heavy machine guns and anti-aircraft cannons, and the DART-R, an aerial target decoy fitted with a radar reflector that can reach a maximum speed of 200 km/h (124 mph), according to data from the company. KrattWorks also makes the PARM aerial target quadcopter.
这家制造商称，其生产的情报、监视与侦察无人机配备了具备宽频段跳频功能的无线电系统以及无需全球导航卫星系统支持的飞行模式，有助于急救人员与军方人员在分秒必争的紧急情况下迅速掌握现场情况。该公司与乌克兰武装部队保持密切合作，持续研究乌克兰境内的无人机攻击案例及不断演变的战术，以此改进自身产品。据公司代表介绍，KrattWorks致力于确保旗下空中靶机能够贴合当前作战趋势并呈现出逼真的飞行表现。
The manufacturer said it “builds ISR drones with wide frequency band-hopping radios and GNSS-free flight modes to help first responders and servicemen to gain fast situational awareness in situations where every second counts.”The business cooperates closely with the Ukrainian Armed Forces and studies the UAV attacks that take place in Ukraine and the evolving tactics used there to improve its products. KrattWorks makes efforts to ensure that its aerial target drones mimic the latest operational trends and act in a realistic manner, the company representative said.
总部位于华盛顿的智库“科学与国际安全研究所”在2026年9月发布的关于俄罗斯对乌使用无人机的报告中指出，仅8月份，俄军便向乌克兰目标发射了约5,166架“沙希德”系列无人机，其中也包括诱饵机。
In its September 2026 report on Russia’s use of UAVs against Ukraine, the Institute for Science and International Security, a Washington-based think tank, said the Russian military used an estimated 5,166 Shahed-type drones, including decoys, against Ukrainian targets in August alone.
与此同时，乌克兰总统办公室于9月28日宣布，该国军队对各类“沙希德”无人机的拦截成功率已整体达到70%，这一数据涵盖了活塞式发动机与喷气式发动机驱动的机型。
Meanwhile, the Office of the President of Ukraine said on Sept. 28 that the country’s military had reached an overall drone shoot-down rate of 70%, including both piston-powered and jet-powered Shaheds.
“但遗憾的是，对于喷气式‘沙赫德’无人机来说，拦截率远低于应有水平——仅为57%。”该办公室在一份声明中表示。“新型拦截机正在积极进行测试。部分作战部队已经开始使用，但当然，仍有一些细节需要进一步完善，以确保其具备足够的效能并能够大规模部署。我们正在敦促开发者加快进度。”
“But for jet-powered ‘Shaheds,’ unfortunately, the rate is much lower than it needs to be – 57%,” the office said in a statement. “New interceptors are being actively tested. Some combat teams are already using them, but of course, some details still need to be refined to ensure sufficient effectiveness and deployment at scale. We are pushing the developers to move faster.”