如果美国与伊朗爆发地面战争，美国陆军希望确保其士兵能够识别敌人。
If America engages in a ground war with Iran, the U.S. Army wants to ensure that its soldiers can recognize the enemy.
一张新的美国陆军海报描绘了一名伊朗军队的士兵。海报中，这名蓄着胡须的士兵戴着太阳镜和贝雷帽，旁边的文字说明了他可能携带的各种武器和可能穿着的制服。
A new U.S. Army poster depicts a soldier of the Iranian army. The graphics show a bearded soldier wearing sunglasses and a beret, with captions describing the various weapons he might carry and the uniforms he might wear.
美国陆军拥有用于快速识别伊朗士兵的指南，并不意味着美国会入侵伊朗。美国陆军的训练与转型司令部收藏有大量用于识别各国军队的图像海报，其中就包括中国的中国人民解放军。
That the U.S. Army has a quick-recognition guide for Iranian soldiers doesn’t mean America will invade Iran. The Army’s Training and Transformation Command has a library of graphical recognition posters for the armies of various nations, including China’s People’s Liberation Army.
美国与伊朗之间的持续冲突已近八个月。目前，双方主要通过飞机、导弹和无人机进行作战。但美军地面部队介入的可能性一直存在，例如夺取位于哈尔格岛的关键伊朗石油设施。
The U.S.’s ongoing conflict with Iran has lasted nearly eight months. For now, both sides have waged war with aircraft, missiles and drones. But the possibility of American boots on the ground has always been present, such as seizing vital Iranian oil facilities on Kharg Island.
这份于9月24日发布的新指南并未聚焦于伊斯兰革命卫队——这个经常占据头条新闻的伊朗政权精锐部队。伊斯兰革命卫队控制着许多曾用于攻击美军及伊朗邻国的武器，包括弹道导弹、无人机和快速攻击艇。
The new guide, published Sept. 24, isn’t focused on the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, the praetorian guard of the Iranian regime that grabs most of the headlines. The IRGC controls many of the weapons that have been fired at American forces and Iran’s neighbors, including ballistic missiles, drones and fast-attack boats.
相反，美国陆军指南展示的是伊朗伊斯兰共和国军队（又称“阿尔特什”）的一名士兵。根据研究机构“战争研究学院”的说法，这是一支主要由义务兵组成的35万人部队，本质上是伊朗国家的正规武装力量，包括装甲部队、步兵、特种部队、防空部队、航空部队和海军单位。
Instead, the U.S. Army guide displays a soldier of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army, also known as Artesh. It is a mainly conscript force of 350,000 personnel that is essentially the regular armed forces of the nation of Iran, including armored, infantry, special forces, air defense, aircraft and naval units, according to the research organization the Institute for the Study of War.
相比之下，伊斯兰革命卫队所保护的伊朗政权并不完全信任这支可追溯至沙阿时代的正规军。与萨达姆·侯赛因时期的伊拉克等许多威权国家一样，正规军与政治化的武装力量之间存在刻意的竞争关系，而政权最偏爱的军队则能获得最好的装备。
In contrast, the IRGC protects an Iranian regime that doesn’t fully trust the regular armed forces, which date back to the days of the Shah. As in many authoritarian nations, such as Saddam Hussein’s Iraq, there is a deliberate rivalry between the regular and politicized armed forces, with the regime’s pet army getting the best equipment.
关于阿特什士兵士气低落和条件恶劣的报道屡见不鲜，包括食物和医疗资源匮乏等问题。一名应征者在2022年为一间位于华盛顿特区的智库——大西洋理事会撰写的一篇文章中表示，大多数士兵从事的都是杂务，而非接受战斗训练。
There have been numerous reports of low morale and harsh conditions for Artesh soldiers, including lack of food and medical care. One draftee said in a 2022 essay for the Atlantic Council, a Washington, D.C.-based think tank, that most soldiers do menial work, rather than combat training.
美国陆军海报中的阿特什士兵头戴伊朗特种部队的绿色贝雷帽，看起来与其他许多军队中的步兵并无太大区别，身上混合着苏联、西方和伊朗的装备。他手持的武器包括AKM、Masaf-2或赫克尔与科赫G3A6步枪。此外，他还可能配备MG3机枪、RPG-7火箭筒，以及手榴弹、防弹衣、背包、水壶和防毒面具等其他装备。
The Artesh soldier in the U.S. Army poster — wearing the green beret of the Iranian special forces — doesn’t appear much different than the infantry in many other armies, with a mix of Soviet, Western and Iranian gear. He is shown carrying an AKM, Masaf-2 or Heckler & Koch G3A6 rifle. He can also be armed with an MG3 machine gun or an RPG-7, plus grenades, body armor, rucksack, canteen and gas mask, among other gear.
图片中展示了五种不同的迷彩服，包括卡其色和林地迷彩，以及特种部队的三种迷彩图案。此外，图中还出现了军官和士兵的军衔标志。
The image shows five different camouflage uniforms, including khaki and woodland, as well as three camouflage patterns for the special forces. Also shown are the insignia of officer and enlisted ranks.