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别再谈论美国的“犹太人选票”了,事情没那么简单 | 朱迪思·莱文Stop talking about the US ‘Jewish vote’. It's not that simple | Judith Levine

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“每个人都想要犹太人的选票。好像真有这么一张选票似的。” 摄影:彭博社/盖蒂图片社‘Everybody wants the Jewish vote. As if there were one.’ Photograph: Bloomberg/Getty Images

各政党都试图争取犹太人的支持,但其依据却是对单一议题——以色列问题的错误假设。所有人都想要犹太人的选票,仿佛他们是一个统一的群体似的。实际上,犹太人普遍受过良好教育且倾向于自由派立场。虽然他们仅占选民总数的2%左右,但投票率极高,且绝大多数人支持民主党。2024年,有79%的犹太人把票投给了卡玛拉·哈里斯。

Political parties vie for Jewish support based on false assumptions about a single issue: Israel Everybody wants the Jewish vote. As if there were one. Jews are educated, generally liberal. Although they comprise only about 2% of the electorate, they vote in high numbers, overwhelmingly for Democrats. In 2024, 79% chose Kamala Harris.

人们还普遍认为,无论以色列做什么,犹太人都会坚定地站在其一边。然而,那些打着反犹太主义旗号、实际上却在拉拢白人至上主义者的共和党人,正试图将犹太人争取到自己阵营。

They are also assumed to be steadfast friends of Israel, no matter what it does. Republicans, waging a fake war on antisemitism while courting white supremacists, consider Jews increasingly up for grabs.

从全国范围来看,美国犹太人主要聚居在少数几个民主党优势地区。根据犹太选民研究所2020年发布的地图显示,三分之一的犹太人生活在435个国会选区中的20个里,这些地区大多位于纽约州、新泽西州、加利福尼亚州以及倾向中立的佛罗里达州。而在这些选区中,只有一处选出了共和党人进入国会。

Nationally, Jewish Americans are concentrated in a few bright blue spots. A 2020 map from the Jewish Electorate Institute showed a third of Jews living in 20 congressional districts – out of 435 – most of them in New York, New Jersey, California and (purple) Florida. Of these, only one sent a Republican to Washington.