欢迎回来，《Deadline: Legal》新闻简报的读者们。新一届最高法院任期的第一周已经落下帷幕。
Welcome back, Deadline: Legal newsletter readers. The first week of the new Supreme Court term is in the books.
周一上午，法院首先宣布驳回多项申请——数量之多令人印象深刻——这些申请来自一份长长的待审案件清单。被驳回的案件中，包括密歇根州一位母亲的《第一修正案》相关上诉。她的两个儿子被禁止穿着“Let’s Go Brandon”卫衣进入初中。法院同样拒绝受理罗伊·摩尔试图重启一起诽谤诉讼的请求。该诉讼源于他2017年参议员竞选失利期间播出的一则广告，这位阿拉巴马州共和党人声称，广告错误地将他描绘成向一名14岁女孩寻求性服务的人。
It started Monday morning with rejection— many rejections — on an order list that featured a long list of cases the justices be hearing. Among the failed filings were a First Amendment appeal from a Michigan mother whose sons were barred from wearing “Let’s Go Brandon” sweatshirts to middle school. The court similarly declined to consider Roy Moore’s bid to revive a defamation lawsuit over an ad during his losing Senate campaign in 2017, which the Alabama Republican said falsely portrayed him as soliciting sex from a 14-year-old girl.
这份清单中还包含了索尼娅·索托马约尔大法官的一份声明。在本届任期的开端，她一如既往地从犯罪与惩罚问题入手发表讲话。她单独发表的声明涉及一起阿拉巴马州的死刑案件，该案件被法院拒绝审理。在本案中，审判法官因一名潜在陪审员迟到30分钟而下令将其逮捕。其他潜在陪审员则表示，他们不想激怒法官。
The list also featured a statement from Justice Sonia Sotomayor, who began the term on familiar ground speaking out about matters of crime and punishment. Her solo statement came in an Alabama death penalty case that the court declined to review, in which the trial judge had ordered the arrest of a prospective juror for being 30 minutes late. Other potential jurors said they didn’t want to anger the judge.
尽管索托马约尔同意其他同事的意见，认为此案无需审理，但这位由奥巴马任命的大法官指出，陪审员担心表达自己意见所带来的风险，“在本案这样的死刑案件中尤为严重，因为被告的性命悬于一线。”
Although Sotomayor agreed with her colleagues that the case didn’t warrant review, the Obama-appointed justice said the danger of jurors worrying about expressing themselves “is especially acute in a capital case such as this one, where the defendant’s life hangs in the balance.”
索托马约尔的声明是在她上周就克里斯塔·派克案投下反对票之后发表的，该案随后在田纳西州发生了一起迅速臭名昭著的致命注射失败事件。这次失败部分原因在于共和党任命的大法官多数派下达的一项未加解释的命令，该命令允许派克的处决继续进行。尽管索托马约尔、埃琳娜·卡根大法官和凯坦吉·布朗·杰克逊大法官持反对意见，多数派仍坚持执行判决。
Sotomayor’s statement followed her dissent last week in the Christa Pike case ahead of the instantly infamous botched lethal injection in Tennessee. The botch was made possible, in part, by the GOP-appointed majority’s unexplained order that let Pike’s execution go forward. The majority did so over dissent from Sotomayor, joined by Justices Elena Kagan and Ketanji Brown Jackson, that said the state was rushing before Pike’s legal claims could be resolved and that, “[s]tunningly, the Court acquiesces.”
她们认为，州政府在派克的法律诉求尚未解决之前便仓促行事，并指出：“令人震惊的是，法院竟然默许了这一点。”在本文撰写之时，派克仍然活着，她的命运尚不确定。州政府是否会再次试图执行她对1995年科琳·斯莱默谋杀案的死刑？如果真如此，最高法院很可能不会加以阻止。在1947年一起因电椅处决失败而引发的判决中，法院内部意见分歧，但最终裁定路易斯安那州可以再次尝试。无论是否有1947年的这一先例，如今的最高法院总体上一直倾向于让死刑机器继续运转。
As of this writing, Pike is alive her fate is uncertain Will the state again try to carry out her execution for the 1995 murder of Colleen Slemmer The Supreme Court is unlikely to stand in the way if so. In a 1947 ruling stemming from a botched electrocution, a divided court said Louisiana could try again. With or without that 1947 precedent, today’s court has broadly been in the business of letting the machinery of death turn.
本周，法院驳回了德克萨斯州囚犯贾马尔·霍华德提出的多次暂缓执行申请，允许以注射死刑的方式执行他的死刑。霍华德的辩护律师提出的辩护理由之一便是其存在智力障碍。杰克逊大法官是唯一一位对此表示异议的法官；随后，霍华德因2000年犯下的谋杀罪而在亨茨维尔州立监狱被执行死刑。与此同时，国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯希望恢复军事死刑制度，甚至打算将行刑过程通过直播的方式向公众展示。
Indeed, the court let another execution proceed by lethal injection this week, rejecting multiple stay applications from Jamaal Howard in Texas. Among the claims his lawyers raised was intellectual disability Jackson was the only justice to note her dissent after which Howard was executed at the state prison in Huntsville for the 2000 murder of Vickie Swartout Meanwhile, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth wants to revive military executions — and to livestream the firing squad shooting for all to see.
赫格塞斯在宣布计划于12月对胡德堡枪击案凶手尼达尔·哈桑执行死刑时称，政府将公开这一信息，“因为民众需要明白此类行为会带来严重的后果”。这种公开处决将进一步凸显美国在死刑问题上与全球其他国家的巨大差异，同时也可能为恐怖分子提供宣传素材。
Announcing the planned December execution of Fort Hood shooter Nidal Hasan, Hegseth said the government will publicize it “because people need to understand that there’s serious consequences for these types of things.”Such a public execution would further solidify the U.S. as a global outlier on capital punishment while potentially producing terrorist propaganda in the process.
在周一公布裁决清单后，大法官们开始开庭——但只有八位大法官出席。这是因为塞缪尔·阿利托大法官在最后一刻主动回避了本季度的首次庭审，该案件涉及桑科尔能源公司诉博尔德市一案。此案对石油天然气企业能否因气候变化造成的损害而在州法院被起诉具有全国性影响。由于阿利托大法官在能源行业拥有经济利益，他此前也曾多次回避相关案件的审理。
After Monday’s order list, the justices took the bench — but only eight of them. That’s because Justice Samuel Alito recused himself at the last minute from the first hearing of the term, in Suncor v. Boulder The case carries nationwide implications for whether oil and gas companies can be sued in states courts over climate change damage. Alito withdrew because of his financial interest in the energy sector, which has led him to recuse himself from prior cases, too.
他的缺席可能对这场备受瞩目的上诉案的走向起到关键作用。如果投票结果出现平局，博尔德市将胜诉；而若企业方希望胜诉，则需大法官们推翻科罗拉多州最高法院关于该诉讼可继续进行的裁决。一旦出现平局，州法院的裁决便得以维持，大法官们也不会就此确立全国性的判例。
His absence could prove pivotal for the outcome of the closely watched appeal. It raises the prospect of a which would be a win for Boulder. For the companies to win, they need the justices to upend the Colorado Supreme Court’s ruling that said the suit can move forward. A tie would leave the state court ruling intact, without the justices making a nationwide precedent one way or the other.
听证会并未明确显示八名法官组成的合议庭多数意见将倾向于哪一方，因此，在7月预计公布的裁决结果出炉之前，我们还无法真正了解阿利托缺席究竟产生了多大影响——当然，前提是我们最终能等到裁决，而不是陷入僵局。
The hearing did not clearly indicate which way a majority of the eight-member bench is headed, so we won’t have a true sense of how much Alito’s absence mattered until we see the decision, expected by July. That is, if we get a decision and not a deadlock.
下周，大法官们将重返法庭，开始为期两周的10月听证会后半程。届时，我们还将看到另一份命令清单，其中包含待决上诉案件的最新进展。
Next week, the justices return to the bench for the second half of their two-week October hearing session We’ll also get another order list with the latest action on pending appeals.
此外，我们或许很快就能得知几项“影子案卷”申请的裁决结果，其中包括一些虽各自独立但主题相关的性别议题案件。其中一起案件中，特朗普政府希望大法官们允许政府继续执行对囚犯实施性别确认医疗服务的禁令。另一起案件中，华盛顿州的一名高中摔跤运动员则希望大法官们下达命令，保护她“免受女子摔跤比赛中男性选手的竞争”。
And we could soon learn the outcome of several shadow docket applications, including ones raising separate but thematically related gender issues. In one of them, the Trump administration wants the justices to let the government enforce its ban on gender-affirming medical care for inmates. In another, a high school wrestler in Washington state wants an order from the justices that protects her “from male competitors in girls’ wrestling.”
近期，法院在一系列涉及体育、军事护照以及未成年人性别确认医疗服务的案件中，均作出了不利于跨性别者的裁决。如需对本周最重要的法律新闻进行专家分析，包括最高法院的最新动态以及特朗普政府法律案件的进展，请订阅《Deadline: Legal》时事通讯。
The court has recently ruled against transgender people in a series of cases involving sports military passports and gender-affirming care for minors to the Deadline: Legal newsletter for expert analysis on the top legal stories of the week, including updates from the Supreme Court and developments in the Trump administration’s legal cases. The post First week back at SCOTUS: Rejections, a short-handed hearing and another execution MS NOW