
美国人似乎很难就社会主义的定义达成一致,尽管最新民调显示该运动的好感度达到了历史最高点。
Americans can't seem to get on the same page when it comes to what defines socialism even though new polling shows the movement's favorability is at an all-time high.
无论左翼激进派能否围绕这一标签团结一致,可能取决于他们对其原则的理解程度。
Whether far-left factions are able to rally around the label could come down to understand its principles.
福克斯新闻数字平台前往马里兰州自由派热点塔科马公园,参加其年度街头节日,现场采访参与者关于他们对社会主义的定义以及他们愿意为了拥抱其理想付出多大努力。"事实上……没有……一个答案,"尼娜·吉尔登·西维在被问及如何定义社会主义时说道。"就像,你一直在为这些项目付费,然后这些项目实际上是给人民的,"乔·布莱克在描述他对这一政治运动的看法时说。"这不是某个特殊群体的专属,而是人人可及的。"
Fox News Digital took to the streets of a Maryland liberal hotspot, Takoma Park, for its annual street festival to talk with attendees about their definitions of socialism and how far they would be willing to go to embrace its ideals. "The fact is that there's no…one answer," Nina Gilden Seavey said when asked to define socialism. "Just the idea of like, you've been paying all these things to set up these programs and then you're actually giving them to the people," Jaw Blake said describing his view of the political movement. "It's not a special group that gets to have them, it's just available."
自由派天堂节庆参与者权衡政府征收他们住宅的问题:"我会非常愿意参与"詹妮·斯尼德曼给出了更直接的回答,她声称"公共图书馆、警察局、消防部门,以及我们所有的公共服务和公用事业",都是社会主义的一部分。
LIBERAL HAVEN FESTIVAL-GOERS WEIGH GOVERNMENT SEIZURE OF THEIR HOMES: 'I'D BE SO GAME' Jenny Sniderman had a more direct answer, claiming that "public libraries, the police department, the fire department, all our public services, utilities," are all part of what makes up socialism.
9月份的盖洛普民调显示,43%的美国人对社会主义持积极看法——这是该民调机构自2010年开始追踪该问题以来的最高水平。
A September Gallup poll found that 43% of Americans have a positive image of socialism — the highest level since the polling organization began tracking the question in 2010.
但该调查仅询问受访者对社会主义的印象,未提供该意识形态的定义,也没有询问他们是否真的会支持在美国采纳该制度。
But the survey asks respondents their image of socialism without providing a definition of the ideology or asking whether they would actually support adopting it in the U.S.
同样参与节日的受访者在被问及社会主义作为一种经济体制时,被进一步追问其对公有制的认同度。当福克斯新闻数字平台询问他们是否愿意 personally 将私人财产交由政府或集体控制时,他们表达了一些怀疑。
The same festival-goers were pressed on socialism as an economic system, questioning their favorability of collective ownership. They shared some skepticism when Fox News Digital asked whether they would personally surrender their private property to government or collective control.
我不想放弃我的私人财产吗?当然我不想放弃我的私人财产,"斯尼德曼说。"他们会公平地补偿我吗?这在帮助我做决定方面会很有帮助。""我不确定我会不会真的喜欢它,"布莱克说。"但我的意思是,如果这是有益的东西,我至少会考虑考虑。"
"Do I want to give up my private property? Of course I don't want to give up my private property," Sniderman said. "Are they going to reimburse me fairly? That would be helpful in making my choice." "I don't know that I would necessarily love it," Blake said. "But I mean, if it was something that was beneficial, I'd at least consider it."
美国民主社会主义者联合主席反对苏联比较,主张监狱应变得"更不必要""没有人希望他们拥有的东西被拿走,"他继续说道。"但有一点可以说……你可以安排事情,让它们对每个人都可用。""我认为政府不是资产的最佳管理者……"西维说。"这不是说资本主义毫无缺陷,但事实是,有一种理想主义可以从这样的想法中产生:'哦,如果我们有更多的中心性,如果……有一种超级组织负责再分配。'"
DSA CO-CHAIR PUSHES BACK ON SOVIET UNION COMPARISONS, WANTS PRISONS TO BE 'LESS NECESSARY' "Nobody wants what they have to be taken away from them," he continued. "But there is something to be said about…you can set up things so that they're available for everybody." "I think the government is not the greatest steward…of assets," Seavey said. "It's not to say that capitalism is somehow without flaw, but the fact is that there is an idealism that can come from thinking, 'Oh, if we had some more centrality, if…there was some kind of uber organization in charge of reallocation.'"

纪录片导演、自称历史学家的西维还质疑了政府对私人资产的控制这一想法,但主张美国日益增长的民主社会主义运动不应与传统社会主义混为一谈。"这不是社会主义。这是民主社会主义。它不同。有社会主义,有共产主义,还有各种'主义'。民主社会主义基本上就是我们在这个国家正在增长的运动,"西维说。"社会主义是指财富的大规模再分配。
Documentary filmmaker and self-described historian Seavey also questioned the idea of government control over private assets, but argued that the growing democratic socialist movement in the U.S. should not be confused with traditional socialism. "This is not socialism. This is democratic socialism. It's different. There's socialism, there's communism, there are all kinds of 'isms.' Democratic socialism is essentially what we have a growing movement in this country," Seavey said. "Socialism is where there is a massive redistribution of wealth.
我们在这个国家并没有进行财富的再分配。"但美国民主社会主义者联合会(DSA),即美国最大的社会主义组织,主张从富裕个人和公司向工人和低收入美国人重新分配财富。DSA还主张对主要公司和基本行业实行公众持股,而不是私人所有制。数字不会说谎。年轻美国人正在坠入爱河……与社会主义节日期间参与者的不同解读反映了美国人对社会主义含义的更广泛争论——随着社会主义候选人在即将到来的中期选举中在民主党内部逐渐获得立足之地,这一争论已获得了新的政治意义。
We are not having redistribution of wealth in this country." But the Democratic Socialists of America, the largest socialist organization in the U.S., advocates redistributing wealth from wealthy individuals and corporations to workers and lower-income Americans. The DSA also calls for public stake in major corporations and essential industries rather than private ownership. THE NUMBERS DON’T LIE. YOUNG AMERICANS ARE FALLING IN LOVE … WITH SOCIALISM The differing interpretations among festival-goers reflect a broader debate over what socialism means in America — one that has taken on new political significance as socialist candidates gain ground within the Democratic Party heading into midterm elections.

在2018年的一项调查中,要求美国人用自己的话定义社会主义时,只有17%的人将其描述为政府对企业或生产资料的所有权或控制。另有23%的人将其与平等联系起来,而10%的人则指出社会福利和服务。近四分之一的人无法给出答案。
In a 2018 survey asking Americans to define socialism in their own words, just 17% described it in terms of government ownership or control of businesses or the means of production. Another 23% associated it with equality, while 10% pointed to social benefits and services. Nearly a quarter could not provide an answer.
西维认为,政治标签本身已经扭曲了这场对话。"让我们换一种思考方式,摆脱那些与这些荒谬标签相关的污名——这些标签是我们允许右翼在美国其他地区煽动起来的,"西维说。
Seavey argued that political labels themselves have distorted the conversation. "Let's think about it differently and let's take away these ridiculous stigmas that have to do with these crazy labels that we have allowed the right wing to foment onto the rest of America," Seavey said.
但随着亲社会主义的候选人竞逐公职,这一日益壮大的运动提出了一个仅凭有利民调无法回答的问题:选民是否真正接受了其在可负担性和平等方面的承诺,或者他们也支持其更广泛的关于经济所有权和控制的主张。
But as socialist-aligned candidates compete for office, the growing movement raises a question that favorable polling alone cannot answer: whether voters are embracing its promises on affordability and equality, or also support its broader proposals for economic ownership and control.