彭博新闻社报道，俄罗斯最富有的人之一弗拉基米尔·波塔宁表示，该国经济尚未触底，投资短缺仍是最大挑战。
Potanin, one of Russia’s richest men, said the country’s economy has yet to hit bottom, with a shortage of investment remaining the biggest challenge.
“我们还不能说已经度过了最低点，”诺里尔斯克镍业股份公司最大股东兼负责人、俄罗斯最大矿业公司掌门人波塔宁周六在接受RBC电视台采访时表示。
“We cannot yet say that we have passed the lowest point,” Potanin, the biggest shareholder and head of MMC Norilsk Nickel PJSC, Russia’s largest miner, said in an interview with RBC TV on Saturday.
这位大亨承认，莫斯科政府正在为平衡预算付出“巨大努力”，这可能为央行放宽货币政策以及旨在振兴经济的其他措施创造条件。不过，他警告称，投资短缺目前是最大挑战，包括对矿业企业在内的增税可能会使情况恶化。
The tycoon acknowledged the Moscow government is making “titanic efforts” to balance the budget, potentially creating conditions for the central bank to ease monetary policy and for other measures aimed at reviving the economy. Still, he warned that a shortage of investments is the biggest challenge now and tax hikes, including on miners, can make the situation worse.
俄罗斯经济发展部预测今年经济增长仅为0.6%。随着更多资源被投入到乌克兰战争中，政府面临不断扩大的预算赤字。为承担这一负担，莫斯科被迫通过提高税收、费用和其他收入来源，更多地从经济几乎所有其他部门汲取资金。
Russia’s economy ministry forecasts growth of just 0.6% this year. The government faces a widening budget deficit as it channels more resources toward the war in Ukraine. Financing that burden is forcing Moscow to draw more heavily on almost every other part of the economy through higher taxes, fees and other revenue sources.
对于矿业企业，政府推出了针对2027-2029年“超额”利润高达30%的暴利税，诺里尔斯克镍业是受冲击最严重的公司之一。
For the miners, the government introduced a windfall tax of as much as 30% of “excess” profits for 2027-2029, with Norilsk Nickel one of the companies hit the hardest.
波塔宁表示，这项税收可能进一步损害大公司的投资计划。“我们理解增加财政负担的必要性。但负担应完全来自利润，”波塔宁说。他补充道，税收政策的不确定性及由此导致的投资规划困难，可能比高利率或资金短缺构成更大的投资障碍。
This tax may further hurt big companies’ investment plans, according to Potanin. “We understand the need for an additional fiscal burden. But that burden should come exclusively from profits,” Potanin said. Uncertainty over tax policy and the resulting difficulty of planning investments may be an even bigger barrier to investment than high interest rates or a lack of capital, he added.
根据彭博亿万富翁指数，身家220亿美元、位列俄罗斯第三大富豪的波塔宁的言论，反映出最大企业与政府之间日益加深的裂痕，后者需要确保国家能继续为战争提供资金。
The comments from Potanin, Russia’s third-richest billionaire with a fortune of $22 billion according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, reflect a growing rift between the largest companies and the government, which needs to ensure the country can continue funding the war.
阅读：俄罗斯预算计划三年内实现创纪录的战争支出。企业在两年前支持税收改革，基于税收政策将在2030年前保持稳定的理解，但这一承诺未得到兑现，波塔宁表示。
Read: Russian Budget Plans Three Years of Record War Spending Businesses had backed tax reforms two years ago on the understanding that tax policy would remain stable through 2030, but that promise had not been upheld, Potanin said.