加纳正试图通过申请加入金砖国家集团（新兴经济体联盟）来扩大其在西方之外的贸易和外交选择。但获得席位远非易事：加纳必须说服现有的11个成员国，它是一个有价值的新伙伴。
Ghana is seeking to widen its trade and diplomatic options beyond the West by applying to join the Brics bloc of emerging economies. But a seat at the table is far from guaranteed: Ghana will have to convince all 11 existing members it is a valuable new partner.
加纳外交部长萨缪尔·奥库泽托·阿布拉克瓦在周三宣布正式申请加入金砖国家的计划时表示，加入金砖国家将为加纳打开更多的经济选择。
Joining Brics would open up Ghana’s economic options, Foreign Minister Samuel Okudzeto Ablakwa said when he announced plans to formally apply for membership on Wednesday.
他说：“这将使我们的基础和合作伙伴关系更加多元化，也将使我们能够在全球南方框架内开展更多合作。”
"It] will diversify our base and our partnerships and will also allow us to have more cooperation within the Global South framework," he said.
加纳表示，寻求与其他新兴大国深化合作，加入金砖国家将补充而非取代其与国际货币基金组织、世界银行及其他传统伙伴的现有关系。
Seeking deeper engagement with other emerging powers, Accra says joining Brics would complement, rather than replace, its existing relationships with the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and other traditional partners.
金砖国家于2009年由巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国正式成立，其成立前提是，诸如世界银行和国际货币基金组织之类的国际机构过度受西方国家主导，且已不再服务于发展中国家。
Formally established in 2009 by Brazil, Russia, India and China, Brics was founded on the premise that international institutions such as the World Bank and the IMF were overly dominated by Western powers and had ceased to serve developing countries.
南非于2010年在中国的邀请下加入金砖国家。此后，该集团已扩大至包括埃塞俄比亚、埃及、印度尼西亚、伊朗、沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国在内的六个新成员。
South Africa joined in 2010 by invitation of China. The bloc has since expanded to include six new members: Ethiopia, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
贸易网络：加纳乔伊新闻电视台研究分析师卡莱布·兹布利姆表示，该国希望“与主要贸易伙伴同桌”这一想法很有道理。
Trade network For Caleb Ziblim, a research analyst at JoyNews TV station in Ghana, it makes sense that the country would want to "sit at the same table" as its main trading partners.
他对RFI说：“加纳前五大贸易伙伴几乎都在金砖国家。例如，我们超过70%的出口流向金砖国家，如南非、中国、印度。而我们在这个国家几乎所有的进口商品都来自中国。”
"Almost all of Ghana's top five trading partners are in Brics," he told RFI. "Over 70 percent of our exports go to Brics countries, for example South Africa, China, India. And we import almost everything we have in this country from China."
加纳总统约翰·德拉马尼·马哈马本周表示，加纳对印度的出口额已从约30亿美元增至70亿美元。
President John Dramani Mahama said this week that Ghana’s exports to India have risen from about $3 billion to $7 billion.
根据联合国贸易和发展会议（UNCTAD）于3月发布的一份报告，过去二十年，金砖国家成员之间的贸易快速增长，"这主要得益于自然资源、制造业和技术领域的强烈互补性，以及全球格局的变化"。
According to a report published in March by the United Nations trade and development agency UNCTAD, trade between Brics members has grown rapidly over the past two decades, "driven by strong complementarities in natural resources, manufacturing and technology, as well as a changing global context".
然而，尽管金砖国家成员共同占全球南方总GDP的三分之二以上，但成员之间的贸易仅占南南贸易的约20%，UNCTAD指出，"金砖国家内部贸易的巨大潜力尚未得到充分挖掘"。
Yet while Brics members collectively account for over two-thirds of the Global South’s total GDP, trade between members accounts for only about 20 percent of South-South trade, according to UNCTAD, which says "the enormous potential of the intra-bloc trade is yet to be fully tapped".
随着金砖国家的扩员，中国正寻求建立一个对抗美国的全球平衡力量。自2012年以来，金砖国家还设立了自己的金融机构——新开发银行，用于融资基础设施和发展项目。该银行的成员资格向所有联合国成员国开放，无论其是否属于金砖国家本身。
With Brics expansion, China seeks a global counterweight to US No guarantees Since 2012, Brics has also included its own financial arm, the New Development Bank, that finances infrastructure and development projects. Membership of the Brics bank is open to any United Nations member state, regardless of whether they belong to the bloc itself.
加纳政策与教育伊曼尼中心（位于阿克拉）的分析师布赖恩·西蒙斯指出，加纳的申请并不自动意味着它将获得金砖国家的正式成员资格。
Bright Simons, an analyst at the Imani Centre for Policy and Education, an Accra-based think tank, points out that Ghana’s application does not automatically mean that it will be granted full membership of Brics.
他对RFI表示："成员资格的获得基于11国领导人的全体一致同意，而决策的时间表目前尚不明确。"
"Acceptance is based on full consensus of the 11 leaders," he told RFI, with the timeline for a decision unclear.
金砖国家领导人聚首新德里，以寻求更大的全球影响力。截至目前，最后一个被接受为正式成员的国家是印度尼西亚，时间为2025年1月。目前有十个国家——白俄罗斯、玻利维亚、哈萨克斯坦、古巴、马来西亚、尼日利亚、泰国、乌干达、乌兹别克斯坦和越南——是金砖国家的伙伴国，受邀参加峰会但不享有完整的投票权。
Brics leaders gather in New Delhi as bloc seeks greater global influence The last country accepted as a full member was Indonesia in January 2025. Ten other countries – Belarus, Bolivia, Kazakhstan, Cuba, Malaysia, Nigeria, Thailand, Uganda, Uzbekistan and Vietnam – are currently Brics partners, invited to take part in summits but without full voting rights.
西蒙斯表示："关键问题在于，加纳获得正式成员资格并没有保证，因为一些非常大的国家尚未获得正式成员资格。"
"The key issue is that there's no guarantee that Ghana gets full membership, because some very big countries have not been given full membership,” said Simons.
阿尔及利亚于2023年申请加入金砖国家但被拒绝，并决定不重新申请。土耳其也在2024年申请了正式成员资格，但仅被授予伙伴国身份，而土耳其方面并未接受此安排。
Algeria applied to join Brics in 2023 but was turned down, and declined to reapply. Turkey also requested full membership in 2024 and was instead offered partner status, which it did not accept.
尼日利亚竞争申请金砖国家成员资格的申请通过主席国提交，今年的主席国是印度。加纳利用印度外交部长苏布拉赫曼尼亚姆·杰森卡尔本周进行的正式访问之机，寻求印度对其申请的支持。
Nigerian competition Application to Brics goes through the chair, this year held by India. Ghana took the opportunity of an official visit this week by the Indian foreign minister, Subrahmanyam Jaishankar, to seek India’s support for its application.
加纳必须证明自己是金砖国家的重要伙伴，西蒙斯这样表示，但这一论点因尼日利亚——西非地区经济规模远超其他国家的国家——自2025年以来一直是金砖国家的伙伴国而变得复杂。尼日利亚尚未申请正式成员资格。"金砖国家向具有地区和全球战略影响力的国家开放成员资格。[他们]希望吸纳具有一定影响力的国家。"
Ghana will have to make the case that it is a valuable partner for the Brics nations, said Simons, an argument complicated by the fact that Nigeria, West Africa's largest economy by far, has been a partner country since 2025. It has not applied for full membership. "Brics extend membership to countries that have regional and strategic global influence. [They] want countries that have some power," he said.
他说。"任何人都会提出的问题是：鉴于尼日利亚已经是伙伴国，加纳是否具备符合资格的地区影响力？"尼日利亚与加纳的洋葱争端检验西非自由贸易。西蒙斯表示，加纳正在从2022年债务危机中走向经济复苏。但他补充说，金砖国家领导人将审视加纳还能为合作带来什么。
"The question that anybody would ask is whether Ghana has the regional influence that qualifies it, given that Nigeria is already a partner member." Nigeria's onion dispute with Ghana tests West African free trade Ghana is on the road to economic recovery after its 2022 debt crisis, Simons said. But, he added, the Brics leaders will look at what else Ghana brings to the table.
他建议加纳可以强调其民主记录。"如果金砖国家已经在西非拥有尼日利亚，他们为何还需要加纳？加纳将指出尼日利亚具有经济地位，但我们拥有文化影响力。"我们受到尊重，因为人们认为我们更加稳定、更加民主。"
He suggested Ghana could highlight its democratic track record. "If [Brics] already have Nigeria in West Africa, why would they want Ghana? Ghana will say Nigeria has economic status, but we have cultural influence. "We are respected because we are seen as more stable and more democratic."