前魁北克省省长曾监督通过加拿大首部医疗协助死亡法，如今他表示，看到该实践自那时起的发展程度后，他感到矛盾。
The former Quebec premier who oversaw passage of Canada's first-ever medically assisted dying law says he now feels conflicted after seeing how far the practice has progressed since then.
魁北克省议会于2014年通过该法律，明确规定了绝症患者在何种条件下可正式提出医疗协助死亡（MAID）的请求。
Quebec's National Assembly passed the law in 2014 outlining conditions under which terminally ill patients could formally request medical assistance in dying (MAID).
虽然该法案最初由魁北克党提出，但在菲利普·库亚德领导的自由党政府执政期间，获得了多党支持。
While the bill was initially introduced by the Parti Québécois, it gained multiparty support while Philippe Couillard's Liberals were in government.
前省长对CBC表示，自该法律通过以来，看到魁北克和加拿大MAID的扩展范围，他有时会质疑自己2014年的决定。
The former premier told CBC's that he sometimes questions his 2014 decision after seeing how MAID has expanded in Quebec and Canada since that first law was passed.
“它本来明确仅限于终末期或临终前的状况，伴随着一个明确而不幸的生命终点之路。而现在情况已不再如此，”他在主持人凯瑟琳·库伦的节目中说道。
"It was clearly reserved for terminal or pre-terminal conditions with a defined, unfortunate road to the end of life. And this is not the case anymore," he told host Catherine Cullen.
“我不确定我是否会再次支持该法律，考虑到近年来我们所看到的扩展。”为什么加拿大正在暂停MAID在精神疾病领域的扩展？
"I'm not sure that I would have again voted for that law with the extension that we have seen in the recent years." Why is Canada halting MAID expansion for mental illness?
10月7日 时长 魁北克通过该法律两年后，即2016年，联邦政府出台了自己的MAID立法——这一举措源于2015年最高法院的一项裁决，该裁决认为禁止医疗协助死亡违反了《权利与自由宪章》。
October 7 Duration Two years after Quebec passed its law, the federal government passed its own MAID legislation — prompted by a 2015 Supreme Court ruling that said a prohibition of medically assisted dying ran contrary to the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
前总理贾斯汀·特鲁多在2016年联邦MAID法通过前曾与库亚德进行磋商。
Former prime minister Justin Trudeau consulted with Couillard before the 2016 federal MAID law was adopted.
该联邦立法于2019年被魁北克省上级法院推翻，原因是其仅限于死亡“合理可预见”的人群。随后，联邦政府于2021年通过了一部新法，以符合法院的裁决。
That federal legislation was struck down by the Superior Court of Quebec in 2019 because it was limited to those whose deaths were "reasonably foreseeable." The federal government passed a subsequent law in 2021 to fall in line with the court's ruling.
魁北克于2024年进一步推进，允许人们在失去行为能力（如阿尔茨海默症导致无法同意）之前，提前提出MAID请求。
Quebec took things a step further in 2024, allowing for people to submit advance requests for MAID before a person's condition, such as Alzheimer's, renders them incapable of giving consent.
库利亚尔是一名前神经外科医生，他强调魁北克原始法律的初衷是将医疗协助死亡（MAID）仅限于那些仅因绝症而受苦的人。"我曾被反对该法律的人警告过，他们说：‘我们看到你的动机是好的，但你会看到，一旦你打开了这扇门，你就关不上它，而且它会越开越宽。’而事实正是如此，”他说。
Couillard, a former neurosurgeon, emphasized that the intention of Quebec's original law was to limit MAID to those solely suffering from a terminal illness. "I was warned about this by people opposing the law that told me, 'We see your motivation is good, but you will see, once you open the door you will not close it and it will open wider.' And this is what happened," he said.
联邦政府本周宣布，在2019年法院裁决后经过深思熟虑，它不会推进将MAID扩大到仅因精神疾病而受苦的人。（目前有多起案件正在法院审理，主张进一步扩大范围，以包括精神疾病患者。）加拿大关闭了针对精神疾病患者的医疗协助死亡大门。此外，司法部长肖恩·弗雷泽表示，即将出台的新立法将“为人们打开大门”，以便在省级政府允许的情况下提前给予同意。"
The federal government announced this week that, after deliberation in the wake of the 2019 court ruling, it wouldn't proceed with expanding MAID to people who are solely suffering from mental illness. (There are multiple cases before the courts arguing for further expansion to include people suffering from mental illness). Canada shuts door on medical assistance in dying for mental illness In addition, Justice Minister Sean Fraser said new coming legislation will "open the door" for people to give advance consent if provinces allow.
我们需要为人们创造空间，让他们在明知自己将失去行为能力时，能够提供同意，以便安度剩余年华，而不是被迫在恐惧中过早做出这个决定，”弗雷泽 earlier this week 说道。"我们没有权力在各省创建这些服务。我们只能决定在加拿大刑法下，哪些具体行为将被视为刑事犯罪。”渥太华将无限期延长对仅因精神疾病而受苦者的MAID排除。
"We need to create space for people to be able to provide consent when they know they're going to lose capacity in order to live out their remaining years rather than being put in a position where they fear they have to take that decision prematurely," Fraser said earlier this week. "We don't have the jurisdiction to create these services in the different provinces. We only have the jurisdiction to determine when a particular set of behaviours will be treated as criminal under Canada's criminal laws."
这就是为什么魁北克是唯一一个你可以预先批准自己死亡的省份。尽管他目前持保留意见，但库利亚尔仍称赞原法案的通过是“他在任期内民主的最佳时刻之一”，并指出他曾允许自由党党团进行自由投票。但当被问及时，他说他有时确实会对通过这项法律感到后悔。
Ottawa to indefinitely extend MAID exclusion for people solely suffering from mental illness This is why Quebec is the only province where you can pre-approve your death Despite his current reservations, Couillard praised the passing of the original bill as "one of the best moments of democracy" during his premiership, noting that he allowed for a free vote within his Liberal caucus. But when asked, he said he does sometimes have regrets about passing the law.
通常情况下，当这种情况发生在我身上时，我会想起我在医学职业生涯中认识的一些特定患者，他们陷入了极度的痛苦和折磨之中，我认为我们当时做的是正确的。
"In general, when this hits me, I think about specific patients that I've known in my medical career that were in such deep distress and pain that I think we did the right thing," he said.
但我希望我们没有行动过快。我希望我们没有把这件事当作小事来对待，而事实绝非如此。
"But I hope we didn't go too fast. I hope we didn't take this as a trivial matter, which is certainly not the case."