在俄罗斯占领下的克里米亚长大，马特维·乔斯担心一成年就会被征入俄罗斯军队。
Growing up in Crimea under Russian occupation, Matvii Chos feared he would be drafted into the Russian army as soon as he became an adult.
“如果你是男性，年满18岁，他们几乎会立即征召你，”现年19岁的乔斯说，他为了逃避征兵进入了一所莫斯科大学，后来在乌克兰一家非营利组织的帮助下逃离了俄罗斯。
"If you're a man and you turn 18 years old, they almost immediately draft you," said Chos, 19, who enrolled at a Moscow university to avoid conscription and later escaped Russia with the help of a Ukrainian non-profit.
但他表示，洗脑和军事化要早得多。乔斯说，2020年他读六年级时，学校就开始设立特殊的学员班。他们接受了一系列军事技术训练——装填和重新装填武器、行军、战术医疗——乔斯说，这是一项协调一致的努力，旨在培养未来的士兵去对抗他的乌克兰同胞。
But he says the brainwashing and militarization started much earlier. Chos says they began having special cadet classes in 2020, when he was a sixth-grade student. They were trained in a range of military techniques — loading and reloading weapons, marching, tactical medicine — a co-ordinated effort, Chos says, to create future soldiers to fight his fellow Ukrainians.
“俄罗斯正在做的是占领领土、绑架儿童，并将他们变成俄罗斯士兵，”他说。
"What Russia is doing is occupying territories, kidnapping children and turning them [into] Russian soldiers," he said.
俄罗斯绑架、洗脑儿童充当未来士兵，乌克兰青少年发声 43秒前 时长 五十个国家在9月29日于多伦多举行的“通往和平之路”国际会议上签署了一项承诺，对被占领土上儿童的军事化表示关切，并呼吁“立即、安全且无条件地”遣返被强行转移至俄罗斯的乌克兰儿童。
Russia kidnapping, brainwashing children to be future soldiers, says Ukrainian teen 43 seconds ago Duration Fifty countries signed a pledge at the Pathways to Peace international conference held in Toronto on Sept. 29, expressing concern about the militarization of children in occupied territories and calling for the “immediate, safe and unconditional return” of Ukrainian children forcibly transferred into Russia.
乔斯所经历的灌输和强制军事训练，是许多身处俄罗斯控制领土的乌克兰青少年共同的经历——人权专家表示，这一问题尤为紧迫，因为儿童极其脆弱。
The indoctrination and forced military training Chos was subjected to is an experience shared by many Ukrainian youth in territories controlled by Russia — an issue especially urgent, human rights experts say, because of how vulnerable children are.
“童年有期限，”领导公民自由中心（该中心于2022年获得诺贝尔和平奖）的乌克兰人权律师奥列克桑德拉·马特维丘克说，“来自被占领土的孩子们，正在失去他们的童年。我们正在失去这些孩子。” 禁止说乌克兰语 其他接受加拿大广播公司新闻采访的乌克兰年轻人讲述了俄罗斯文化和价值观作为儿童是如何被强加于他们的各种方式。
"Childhood has an expiration date," said Oleksandra Matviichuk, a Ukrainian human rights lawyer who heads the Center for Civil Liberties, which won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2022 "The children from occupied territories, they're losing their childhood. We lose these children." Speaking Ukrainian forbidden Other young Ukrainians who spoke to CBC News outlined the various ways Russian culture and values were imposed on them as children.
达里亚·弗尔索娃，23岁，回忆起她在2014年俄罗斯吞并克里米亚时，年仅11岁的她，小学课程变化有多快。
Daria Fursova, 23, remembers how quickly her elementary school curriculum changed after Russia annexed Crimea in 2014 when she was 11.
“行政部门说，学校里将不再有乌克兰语的书籍，课堂上也不再有，”她回忆起五年级开始时的情景说道。
"The administration said that there will no longer be Ukrainian books in school, in classes," she said, recalling the start of fifth grade.
俄罗斯如何向被占克里米亚的儿童证明其入侵乌克兰的合理性。不久之后，弗尔索娃的学校停止教授乌克兰语，转而开始教授俄罗斯历史和俄语。
How Russia justifies its invasion of Ukraine to children in occupied Crimea Not long after, Fursova’s school stopped teaching Ukrainian and instead began instructing them in Russian history and the Russian language.
根据18岁的达里亚·托马肖娃的说法，说乌克兰语和克里米亚鞑靼语——一种被联合国教科文组织列为“高度濒危”的语言——被禁止，甚至在课间休息时也不例外。她说，这种灌输“无处不在”，从学校的教科书到电视上的节目。乔斯有着类似的记忆，即占领后突然发生的转变。
Speaking Ukrainian and Crimean Tatar — a language considered "highly endangered" by UNESCO— was forbidden, even during breaks, according to 18-year-old Daria Tomashova, who says the indoctrination was "everywhere," from textbooks in school to what was broadcast on TV. Chos has similar memories of the sudden shift after the occupation.
“我们开始在学校学习[俄罗斯]国歌，学习俄罗斯歌曲，学习俄罗斯诗歌，”他说。“他们告诉我们，‘你们现在是俄罗斯人了。你们一生都生活在俄罗斯。’”弗尔索娃在2021年全面入侵乌克兰之前离开克里米亚前往基辅学习，但她说，克里米亚的情况此后变得“更糟”了。她的母校在社交媒体上发布了为战争辩护的课程，她说许多前同学此后已加入俄罗斯军队。
"We started to learn [the] Russian anthem at school, learn Russian songs, learn Russian poems," he said. "They said to us, 'You're Russian now. You lived all of your life in Russia.' " Fursova left Crimea to study in Kyiv in 2021 before the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, but says the situation in Crimea has since become "way worse." Her old school posted lessons on social media defending the war, and she says many of her former classmates have since joined the Russian army.
20,000名儿童被绑架。除了对占领克里米亚的俄化之外，国际社会特别关注俄罗斯如何强行将数万名乌克兰儿童从家庭中带走，送入俄罗斯领土——乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基将此描述为“大规模绑架”，构成种族灭绝。
20,000 children abducted Beyond the Russification of occupied Crimea, the international community has raised particular concern with how Russia has forcibly separated tens of thousands of Ukrainian children from their families and taken them into Russian territory — an act Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy described as "mass kidnapping" amounting to genocide.
许多这些儿童分享了他们在俄罗斯被拘留期间遭受虐待的故事，包括因不配合俄语再教育营而被关进隔离室。其他儿童则被赋予新身份，被归化为俄罗斯公民，并被强制送往俄罗斯的寄养家庭收养。
Many of those children have shared stories of abuse while in Russian custody including being placed in isolation cells for not being co-operative in Russian re-education camps. Other children are given new identities, naturalized as Russian citizens and forcibly adopted into foster families in Russia.
普京的战争机器绑架的儿童 10月3日，乌克兰官员估计，自2022年2月入侵开始以来，俄罗斯已非法驱逐了20,000名儿童。其中，目前仅有约2,650名儿童被送回。
The children abducted by Putin’s war machine October 3 Ukrainian officials estimate that Russia has unlawfully deported 20,000 children since the invasion began in February 2022. Of those, only about 2,650 have been returned so far.
这一协调行动导致国际刑事法院对俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京提出指控。儿童权利专员玛丽亚·利沃娃-别洛娃 乌克兰儿童被俄罗斯绑架，呼吁加拿大议员提供帮助。外交部长阿尼塔·阿南德表示，她认为普京对导致乌克兰儿童从家庭中被“盗走”的政策负有个人责任。
The co-ordinated campaign has led to charges at the International Criminal Court against Russian President Vladimir Putin Children’s Rights Commissioner Maria Lvova-Belova Ukrainian children abducted by Russia appeal for help from Canadian MPs Minister of Foreign Affairs Anita Anand says she holds Putin personally responsible for the policies that have led to Ukrainian children being "stolen" from their families.
“我的希望是，我们能够确保所有乌克兰儿童的全面返回，并且每一个在这些儿童被绑架过程中犯下不正义行为的人，都应承担国际法所要求的后果，”阿南德在接受CBC采访时表示。
"My hope is that we ensure the full return of all Ukrainian children, and every single person who has committed an injustice in stealing these children face the consequences that international law requires," Anand said in an interview with CBC.
加拿大承诺将乌克兰儿童带回家：阿南德 儿童只想回到“正常生活” 阿南德表示，加拿大已承诺提供近700万美元，以支持致力于将乌克兰儿童带回家的组织，并为这些儿童因“灌输、军事化以及俄罗斯基本上试图将这些乌克兰儿童转变为其战争机器成员”所承受的创伤提供心理支持。其中一个组织是“拯救乌克兰”（Save Ukraine），这是一个识别被绑架儿童并开展营救行动的慈善机构。
Canada committed to bringing Ukrainian children home: Anand Children just want to return to 'normal life' Anand says Canada has committed nearly $7 million to support organizations that work to bring Ukrainian children home and fund psychological support for the trauma endured as a result of the "indoctrination, militarization and essentially the Russian attempt to convert these Ukrainian children into members of Russia’s war machine." One of those organizations is Save Ukraine, a charity that identifies kidnapped children and conducts operations to rescue them.
该组织的创始人米科拉·库列巴表示，他对加拿大在此问题上的领导感到感激，但强调当前形势的紧迫性，一些年轻乌克兰人如今可能正作为俄罗斯士兵在战场上作战并牺牲。"漫漫通往正义与问责之路"的被绑架乌克兰儿童，NGO创始人如是说 "我们应该明白，我们正在为这些孩子争分夺秒，每天都有人被强行送往俄罗斯军队，而我们正在失去他们。" 库列巴说，她曾是乌克兰儿童权利专员。
Its founder, Mykola Kuleba, says he is grateful for Canada’s leadership on the issue, but emphasized how critical the present situation is, with some young Ukrainians now presumably fighting as Russian soldiers and dying on the battlefield. 'Long way' to justice and accountability for abducted Ukrainian kids, says NGO founder "We should understand that we're running out of time for these children, and we're losing every day someone who's taken forcibly to the Russian army," said Kuleba, the former commissioner for children’s rights in Ukraine.
库列巴表示，他们带回家的孩子告诉他，他们只想在家乡与家人一起和平生活。"他们想活下去。他们想回归正常生活。他们想与亲人团聚。" "我们需要强有力的支持": 乌克兰正努力将儿童从俄罗斯带回 直到乌克兰儿童回家，才可能实现与俄罗斯的和平，倡导者如此表示。乔斯最终在“拯救乌克兰”组织的帮助下逃离俄罗斯，该组织为他提供了食物、住所、心理健康支持和文件。
Kuleba says the children they bring home tell him they just want to live in peace with their families in their hometowns. "They want [to] survive. They want to return to a normal life. They want to stay with their loved ones." 'We need strong support': Ukraine fighting to bring children back from Russia There can be no peace with Russia until Ukrainian children come home, says advocate Chos was eventually able to escape Russia with the help of Save Ukraine, which gave him food, shelter, mental health support and documentation.
但这一过程惊心动魄：乔斯曾两次前往白俄罗斯的乌克兰领事馆，他表示，如果俄罗斯当局搜查他并发现任何表明他亲乌克兰的迹象，他将面临超过十年的俄罗斯监禁。
But the process was nerve-racking: Chos had to travel to the Ukrainian consulate in Belarus twice, and said if Russian authorities had searched him and found anything suggesting he was pro-Ukraine, he would be facing over a decade in Russian prison.
如今，乔斯和托马肖娃已成为夫妇，他们在最近于多伦多举行的国际会议上分享了各自的经历。"我成功逃脱了，"乔斯对与会代表说，"但仍有许多孩子被留在那里。"
Now a married couple, Chos and Tomashova shared their experiences at the recent international conference in Toronto. "I managed to escape," Chos told the room of delegates, "but a lot of children are still left there."