那是傍晚的时刻：晚餐盘子被收走；演讲拖得很长；人们在聊天、走动或盯着出口。但随后，弗雷德里克·道格拉斯·海恩斯三世牧师（Rev Dr Frederick Douglass Haynes III）走上了舞台。他秃头、留胡、戴眼镜，身着黑衣，发表了一段充满激情的布道与表演诗的混合作品。不久，宾客们又回到座位上——专注倾听，鼓掌和欢呼。
It was that point in the evening: dinner plates were cleared; speeches had run long; people were chatting, milling or eyeing the exit. But then the Rev Dr Frederick Douglass Haynes III took the stage. Bald, bearded, bespectacled and dressed in black, he delivered a mix of fiery sermon and performance poetry. Soon the guests were back in their seats – rapt, listening, clapping and whooping.
海恩斯的滔滔不绝让人联想到讲坛，但他的政治信息远非“康巴雅”（kumbaya，指和谐愉快的氛围）。他正竞选德克萨斯州第30 congressional 区的民主党明星贾斯敏·克罗克特（Jasmine Crockett）的继任者，他像蝴蝶般起舞，引用了拳王穆罕默德·阿里和说唱歌手图帕克·夏库尔。但他也像蜜蜂一样蜇人，将唐纳德·特朗普称为“盗窃总统”（President Pickpocket），并指责共和党人是种族主义选区划分和选民压制的制造者。
Haynes’s rolling cadence was evocative of the pulpit but the political message was far from kumbaya. Aiming to succeed Democratic star Jasmine Crockett in Texas’s 30th congressional district, he danced like a butterfly with references to the boxer Muhammad Ali and rapper Tupac Shakur. But he also stung like a bee, branding Donald Trump as “President Pickpocket” and Republicans as the authors of racist gerrymandering and voter suppression.
“我们民主党仅仅诊断这种毁灭是不够的，”海恩斯（65岁）在上个月的奥帕尔·李赋权晚会上雷鸣般地说道，那是在德克萨斯州沃思堡举行的民主党募款活动。“我们必须有对新重建的愿景。你看，谈论共和党有多么抱歉、卑劣、欺骗和俗气是一回事，这众所周知。但拥有我们自己对这个国家应有样子的重建愿景则是另一回事。”
“It’s not enough for us Democrats to diagnose the demolition,” Haynes, 65, thundered at last month’s Opal Lee empowerment gala, a Democratic fundraiser in Fort Worth, Texas. “We have to have the vision for a new reconstruction. You see, it’s one thing to talk about how sorry, trifling, cheating and tacky the Republicans are. That’s well known. It’s another thing to have our own vision of reconstructing what this nation should look like.”
他的演讲反映出一种日益增长的趋势：宗教左翼候选人试图 reclaim（重新夺回）他们认为被白人福音派及其与特朗普结盟所劫持的信仰政治。海恩斯是非裔美国人，他毫不掩饰自己的进步立场，主张公平的城市规划、生活工资、废除环境种族主义的法律、全民医疗，以及废除移民和海关执法局（ICE）。
The speech reflected a growing trend of religious left candidates aiming to reclaim a faith-based politics they believe has been hijacked by white evangelicals allied with Trump. Haynes, who is African American, is unabashedly progressive, advocating for equitable urban planning, a living wage, laws to dismantle environmental racism, universal healthcare, and the abolition of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
然而，在达拉斯进步型大型教会友谊西浸信会担任高级牧师的四十年里，海恩斯一直抵制参选的呼声。当克罗克特因参加（但最终失败的）美国参议院竞选而空出第30选区的众议院席位时，年轻的进步活动人士敦促海恩斯参选。他最初拒绝了。
Yet for four decades as senior pastor at the Friendship-West Baptist church, a progressive megachurch in Dallas, Haynes had consistently resisted calls to seek office. When Crockett vacated her House seat in the 30th district to run – unsuccessfully – for the US Senate, young progressive activists urged Haynes to run. He initially declined.
当他在沃思堡接受《卫报》采访，以及今年早些时候的一次电话采访时，海恩斯回忆道：“我一直把自己看作，用杰西·杰克逊的话来说，就是‘摇树者’而非‘果冻制造者’。我们试图从外部带来改变，与内部的人合作。”转折点出现在去年十二月，就在提交截止日期前一周，活动人士从神学角度挑战了他：他提出了政治上的借口，却没有为此祷告。
“我觉得这很讽刺，”海恩斯笑道，“他们竟然挑战一位牧师去祷告！”在咨询了佐治亚州参议员兼牧师拉斐尔·沃诺克之后，海恩斯深刻反思。“在我一次祷告时，我感到圣灵对我说：‘你一直在外面说很多大话，现在你有机会在内部做点有意义的事情：是时候站出来了。’”海恩斯在初选中取得了决定性的胜利，并且很可能在下个月的中期选举后接替克罗克特的席位。
When he spoke to the Guardian in Fort Worth, and in a phone interview earlier this year, Haynes recalled: “I have always seen myself, in the language of Jesse Jackson, as a tree shaker and not a jelly maker. We try to make a difference from the outside, working with those who are on the inside.”
社会正义融入了海恩斯的血脉。他出生于达拉斯，在旧金山湾区长大，他的名字来源于他的祖父，弗雷德里克·道格拉斯·海恩斯 Sr.（他以废奴主义者弗雷德里克·道格拉斯为名），旧金山第三浸信会的牧师，也是1945年首位非裔美国人参选该市监督委员会的人。
The turning point came last December, a week before the filing deadline, when activists challenged him on theological grounds: he had offered political excuses but had not prayed about it. “I find that ironic,” Haynes laughed, “that they would challenge a pastor to pray!”After consulting the Georgia senator and pastor Raphael Warnock, Haynes reflected deeply. “In one of my prayer times I felt the spirit saying to me, ‘You’ve been talking a lot of smack from the outside, now you have a chance to do something significant on the inside: it’s time to step up.’”Haynes won a decisive primary victory and is likely to succeed Crockett after next month’s midterm elections.
他的祖父的教堂曾接待过诸如WEB杜波依斯、保罗·罗伯森、约瑟芬·贝克和马丁·路德·金博士等巨擘。他的父亲弗雷德里克·道格拉斯·海恩斯 Jr 也曾担任该教堂的牧师，但在海恩斯14岁高中第一天时，年仅46岁便去世了。“认识到个人虔诚和社会责任是相辅相成的，这是我DNA的一部分，也是我对黑人先知教会传统的理解，”海恩斯说。
Social justice is embedded in Haynes’s DNA. Born in Dallas and raised in the San Francisco Bay Area, he was named for his grandfather, the Rev Frederick Douglass Haynes Sr (who had named himself after the abolitionist Frederick Douglass), pastor of Third Baptist Church of San Francisco and, in 1945, the first African American to run for the city’s board of supervisors.
大学毕业后，他在旧金山的一家银行短暂工作，随后于1982年返回达拉斯，担任友谊西教堂的牧师。40多年间，他将教会成员从83人增长到超过13000人。
His grandfather’s church hosted giants such as WEB Du Bois, Paul Robeson, Josephine Baker and Martin Luther King Jr. His father, Frederick Douglass Haynes Jr, also pastored the church but died at 46 on what was the 14-year-old Haynes’s first day of high school. “Understanding that personal piety and social responsibility go together is part of my DNA and my understanding of the Black prophetic church tradition,” Haynes said.
一个善意基金很快扩展为对贫困的更广泛批判。他解释道：“我们不仅要关注如何向那些被制造为穷人的人提供服务，更必须质疑这个地球上最富裕的国家所建立的、制造贫困的体系。”这促使他与加利福尼亚州众议员麦克斯琳·沃特斯联手，在德克萨斯州反对掠夺性的 payday lending（ payday 贷款）。
After college and a brief stint at a San Francisco bank, Haynes returned to Dallas in 1982 to pastor Friendship-West. Over 40 years, he grew the congregation from 83 members to more than 13,000.
海恩斯教堂的成员和当地民主党人对他的政治介入持热情态度。正义之友的创始人阿兰·比恩是一个倡导刑事司法改革的草根联盟，他自2006年起认识海恩斯，当时正是路易斯安那州的 Jena Six 案件——六名黑人青少年面临本应仅施加于成年人的严重指控。
A benevolence fund quickly expanded into a wider critique of poverty. He explained: “We should not just be concerned about doing ministry to those who’ve been made poor but we’ve got to question the systems in the richest country on the planet that create poverty.”That led him to team up with the California congresswoman Maxine Waters to fight predatory payday lending in Texas.
Bean，一位退休的浸信会牧师，说：“弗雷迪·海恩斯和他的教会派出六辆巴士载人前往吉纳。早在竞选国会之前，海恩斯博士就一直是德克萨斯州乃至全国范围内正义事业的重要人物。”他赞扬海恩斯是一位“行动力强、信念坚定、诚信深厚”的人，并补充说他的布道“融合了老式黑人布道与嘻哈节奏和语言……媒体会争相报道他，因为他非常适合做新闻片段。”
Members of Haynes’s church and local Democrats view his foray into politics with enthusiasm. Alan Bean, founder of Friends of Justice, a grassroots alliance that advocates for criminal justice reform, has known Haynes since 2006 and the Jena Six case in Louisiana, when six Black teenagers faced severe charges meant for adults.
Bean的女儿莉迪亚·比恩，45岁，正在竞选塔兰特县书记一职，评论道：“这些年来，我们一直在共同努力，让当选官员践行更好的价值观，所以看到他成为一名当选官员，我们感到非常兴奋。现在我们也得对他负责了！”
Bean, a retired Baptist minister, said: “Freddy Haynes and his church sent six buses of people to Jena. Long before running for Congress, Dr Haynes has been a real presence across Texas and the country as a leader for justice.”He praised Haynes as a “man of action, conviction and deep integrity”, adding that his preaching “blends old-style Black preaching with hip-hop rhythms and language … The media will eat him up because he’s great for a soundbite.”
上个月在沃思堡的一次筹款活动中，企业主EJ·卡里昂，37岁，欢迎海恩斯的政治主张。“我对进步价值观感到兴奋——为公平而战，反对种族主义，支持DEI。他的真诚和热情令人印象深刻。他在处理社会正义问题时，不会制造‘我们对抗他们’的对立；他以一种细腻且清晰的方式来做这件事。”
Bean’s daughter, Lydia Bean, 45, who is running for the Tarrant county clerkship, commented: “For all these years we’ve been working together to hold elected officials accountable to better values, so it’s exciting to see him becoming an elected official. Now we’re going to have to hold him accountable as well!”
神职人员认为政治是信仰的自然延伸。负责监管沃思堡23座教会的牧师杜韦恩·海斯米斯，59岁，说：“他非常有魅力。他能与观众建立联系。他可以从诗歌到R&B，再到精神层面的连接，全部融合在一起，这样无论是16岁还是95岁的人都能理解他的信息。”
At last month’s fundraiser in Fort Worth, EJ Carrion, 37, a business owner, welcomed Haynes’s politics. “I’m excited about the progressive values – fighting for equity and against racism and standing up for DEI. His authenticity and passion are so present. He tackles social justice without creating an us-against-them friction; he does it in a way that’s nuanced and clear.”
海斯米斯并不惊讶海恩斯会参选公职。“《圣经》本身就是一个政治和社会正义的领域，从《出埃及记》一直到《启示录》，你都能看到政治与社会正义的主题。”海恩斯的参选是更广泛的进步神职人员挑战基督教右翼运动的一部分。
Clergy members saw politics as a seamless extension of faith. Pastor Dwayne Hysmith, 59, who oversees 23 Fort Worth churches, said: “He’s very charismatic. He connects with the audience. He can speak from poetry to R&B to spiritually connected all in one, so a person that’s 16 years old to a person that’s 95 can understand the message.”
至少有14名民主党神职人员正在十几个州的中期选举中参选，其中包括来自得克萨斯州的詹姆斯·塔拉里科（James Talarico），他是一名长老会神学生，正在为美国参议院席位而战，对手是该州司法部长肯·帕克斯顿（Ken Paxton）。
Hysmith was not surprised to see Haynes running for elected office. “The Bible is a political and a social justice realm, so from Exodus all the way to Revelation, you’ll see politics and social justice in it.”Haynes’s candidacy is part of a broader movement of progressive clergy taking on the Christian right. At least 14 Democratic clergy members are running in the midterms across a dozen states, including fellow Texan James Talarico, a Presbyterian seminarian running for US Senate against the state’s attorney general, Ken Paxton.
海恩斯对进步的解放神学和白人基督教民族主义做出了明确区分。引用马丁·路德·金的话，他 lamented 说：“白人福音派如此忙于成为白人，以至于他们根本没有时间成为福音派。”他将基督教民族主义直接追溯到奴隶贩子和康纳（Bull Connor）——这位阿拉巴马州政客在1960年代曾 unleash 警犬和消防水炮对付和平抗议者——直至今日。
Haynes draws a sharp distinction between progressive liberation theology and white Christian nationalism. Quoting King, he lamented that “white evangelicals are so busy being white, they don’t get around to being evangelical”. He traces Christian nationalism directly from slave traders and Bull Connor, an Alabama politician who unleashed dogs and fire hoses on peaceful protesters in the 1960s, to the present.
“令人不幸的是，这种相同的 DNA 可以支持唐纳德·特朗普，而他根本没有任何基督教倾向，”海恩斯争论道。“事实上，他比我所见过的任何人都更接近反基督。然而他们仍然支持他，因为他迎合了他们的白人身份；因此，即使他们将邪恶与之绑定，只要他们的白人身份得到保障，他们就觉得没问题。”
“Unfortunately, it’s the same DNA that can support a Donald Trump, who has no Christian tendencies whatsoever,” Haynes argued. “As a matter of fact he’s closer to the antichrist than anybody I’ve ever witnessed. Yet they support him because he appeals to their whiteness and so, even if they marry wickedness to it, as long as their whiteness is taken care of, they’re fine with it.
“这很危险。这是反基督的，也是反基督的，但不幸的是，在这个国家，他们是滥用信仰以进一步推进贪婪和权力议程这一遗产的继承人。”但海恩斯也没有放过自己的党。他认为民主党在退出信仰-based 修辞方面犯下了战略和道德上的错误。他指出了他导师杰西·杰克逊牧师（Rev Jesse Jackson）在1984年和1988年的总统竞选。海恩斯曾短暂接替杰克逊担任彩虹推动联盟（Rainbow Push Coalition）主席，他称赞杰克逊从“信仰-based 预言视角”引入了进步政策进入民主党主流。
“That’s dangerous. It’s anti-Christian, it’s anti-Christ, but unfortunately in this country they are the heirs to a legacy of misusing faith in order to further an agenda of greed and power.”But Haynes does not spare his own party from criticism. He believes Democrats have made a strategic and moral error by retreating from faith-based rhetoric. He points to the presidential campaigns of his mentor, the Rev Jesse Jackson, in 1984 and 1988. Haynes, who briefly succeeded Jackson as the president of the Rainbow Push Coalition, credits Jackson with introducing progressive policies into the Democratic mainstream from a “faith-based prophetic perspective”.
这会不会疏远日益增长的世俗或非基督教选民？“我们共同的基础是人性。如果你关心人类，我们就能合作。我不想进行传教。我相信每个美国人都应有机会从一个公平连接的社会中获益。”海恩斯的平台建立在三个国内支柱和一个毫不妥协的外交政策之上。首先，通过经济正义实现经济安全。他指出，1.4亿美国人处于经济不安全状态是荒谬的，要求真正的生活成本工资和全民医疗保健。
Does this risk alienating the increasing number of secular or non-Christian voters? “The common denominator for all of us is humanity. If you care about human beings, we can work together. I’m not trying to proselytise. I believe every American should have access to opportunities from a justly wired society.”Haynes’s platform rests on three domestic pillars and an uncompromising foreign policy. First, economic security through economic justice. Labelling it absurd that 140 million Americans are economically insecure, Haynes demands true cost-of-living wages and universal healthcare.
他批评特朗普在达拉斯的中期党代会是一团“乱糟糟”，并称其是纳税人的负担：“我们负担不起特朗普——他是可负担性危机的象征。我们也负担不起那些迎合亿万富翁爱泼斯坦阶层、同时压榨穷人和被遗忘者的共和党政策。”其次是环境正义。在达拉斯，由于污染和哮喘，相距仅15分钟的社区之间预期寿命相差15到20年。海恩斯承诺打击企业在弱势地区的侵占和数据中心的建设。第三是结束由南北战争时代政策和企业贪婪驱动的“冷内战”，围绕共同解决方案建立团结。
He slammed Trump’s midterm convention in Dallas as a “hot mess” and a burden on taxpayers: “We cannot afford Trump – he’s the face of the affordability crisis. We cannot afford Republican policies that cater to the Epstein billionaire class while crushing those who are poor and left behind.”Second is environmental justice. In Dallas, life expectancy varies by 15 to 20 years between neighbourhoods just 15 minutes apart due to pollution and asthma. Haynes pledges to fight corporate encroachment and datacentres in vulnerable areas. Third is ending the “cold civil war” driven by Confederate-era policies and corporate greed, building unity around common solutions.
这一国内愿景伴随着对美国外交政策的毫不退让的批评。他认为特朗普政府的全球行动是“对人类的灾难”，指出美国出于贪婪和对石油的渴望，针对委内瑞拉和伊朗的行为虚伪至极。
This domestic vision is paired with an unflinching critique of US foreign policy. He views the Trump administration’s global actions as a “disaster for humanity”, pointing to the hypocrisy of the US targeting Venezuela and Iran out of an agenda driven by greed and a thirst for oil.
海恩斯与民主党建制派背道而驰，他对美国在以色列和加沙问题上的政策毫不妥协地予以谴责。“这个国家在全面种族灭绝中站在了以色列一边，”他说。“我想明确表示，任何形式的仇恨都是错误的，因此反犹主义是错误的，但伊斯兰恐惧症也是错误的，对加沙人民的灭绝、种族灭绝也是错误的。”
In a departure from the Democratic establishment, Haynes is uncompromising in his condemnation of US policy regarding Israel and Gaza. “This country has sided with Israel in a full-on genocide,” he said. “I want to clearly state that hatred in any form is dead wrong, and so antisemitism is dead wrong, but so is Islamophobia, so is the extermination, the genocide of people in Gaza.”
他呼应金对越南战争的警告，认为国外投下的炸弹必然会动摇国内的道德权威和精神，他补充道：“在美国对待巴勒斯坦人所发生的事情以及伊朗目前的情况上，美国的手是血腥的。美国的手是血腥的、肮脏的，而良知良善的人们认为这是错误的。”
Echoing King’s warnings about Vietnam to argue that the bombs dropped abroad inevitably explode the moral authority and spirit of the country at home, he added: “America’s hands are bloody when it comes to what has taken place with the Palestinians, what is going on in Iran. America’s hands are bloody and dirty and it’s something that people of good conscience and goodwill believe is wrong.”
海恩斯表示，他的竞选倾听会议加强了他将大钱排除在政治之外的决心。“如今我们自称为民主国家，但实际上正朝着寡头倾向助长的法西斯主义倾斜。”海恩斯是克罗克特的长期朋友，并在竞选期间一直在听取她的建议。他形容她是“独一无二的超级明星”和“目前全国最受欢迎的民主党人”。然而，塔拉利科在今年三月的民主党参议院初选中击败了她。
Haynes said his campaign listening sessions strengthened his resolve to get big money out of politics. “Right now we are calling ourselves a democracy but we are tilting toward fascism fueled with oligarchic tendencies.”Haynes is a longtime friend of Crockett and has been taking her advice during the campaign. He describes her as “a unique superstar” and “the most popular Democrat in the country right now”. Yet Talarico defeated her in the Democratic Senate primary in March.
克罗克特在2024年以85%的得票率赢得了第30选区，海恩斯看来有望在11月击败共和党人埃弗雷特·杰克逊——一位小企业主和社区组织者。与此同时，民调显示塔拉利科与帕克斯顿的竞争异常激烈。
With Crockett having won the 30th district with 85% of the vote in 2024, Haynes appears poised for victory over Republican Everett Jackson, a small-business owner and community organiser, in November. Meanwhile, polls show Talarico in an excruciatingly tight race with Paxton.
海恩斯认为德克萨斯州终于可以转向蓝色。“当你看看初选中投票的人数时，我们就会赢。这就是共和党人所害怕的，因为不幸的是，他们除了压制人民、让人民屈服、确保亿万富翁埃普斯坦阶级得到照顾之外，根本没有远见，”他说。
Haynes believes Texas can finally turn blue. “When you look at the numbers of people who voted in the primary, we win. That’s the big fear that Republicans have because unfortunately they don’t have vision except to suppress and to hold people down and make sure the billionaire Epstein class is taken care of,” he said.
民主党有一个愿景，我们所要做的就是继续组织并为那些觉得自己没有声音的人发声，提升自由、正义和可负担性的愿景。如果我们这样做，我们就无法失败。如果我们善用贾斯敏·克罗克特的战斗精神，我们就能把这个州变成蓝色。
“Democrats have a vision, and all we have to do is continue to organise and give voice to those who feel they have no voice and lift up a vision of liberty and justice and affordability. If we do that, there’s no way we cannot win. If we take advantage of that fighting spirit of Jasmine Crockett, we can turn this state blue.”