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国会山报

他们曾帮助破坏我们的制度——如今他们看到后果了吗?They helped undermine our institutions — do they see the consequences yet?

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显然,某些媒体成员才刚刚意识到破坏维护公民社会免受动荡和崩溃的机构所带来的代价。迟到总比不到好。

Certain members of media are apparently only now discovering the cost of undermining the institutions that protect civil society from unrest and collapse. Better late than never.

MSNBC《今日主持人》节目主持人斯蒂芬妮·鲁赫尔和长期担任CNN记者的达娜·巴什最近曾质疑,如果11月的中期选举引发危机,负责裁决选举事务的机构是否还能“经得起考验”。

MS NOW host Stephanie Ruhle and longtime CNN correspondent Dana Bash wondered recently whether the institutions that adjudicate electoral matters will “hold” if the November midterms produce a crisis.

“当我们新闻工作者在报道这些选举时,”鲁赫尔说,“当我们说我们可能正处于潜在宪法危机的边缘时,很多人会不以为然。他们会说,‘哦,天哪,这太疯狂了。我们的机构总是能经得起考验。这是美利坚合众国。’你真的这么有信心吗?”

“When we in the news are covering these elections,” said Ruhle, “when we say we could be on the verge of a potential constitutional crisis, lots of people blow it off. They’re like, ‘Oh my gosh, that’s crazy. Our institutions always hold. This is the United States of America.’ Are you that confident?”

巴什回应道:“我持乐观态度。我会用这个词。这是因为到目前为止,这些机构一直经得起考验。但我们已经看到它们几乎到了濒临崩溃的边缘。”

Responded Bash, “I’m hopeful. I’ll use that word. And that is because so far, the institutions have held. But we have seen them bending almost to the point where they break.”

她补充道:“所以,这是我一直在关注的事情 — — 我知道你也每天都在关注 — — 观察系统是否可能不再经得起考验,或者是否可能受到这个国家最重要人物的挑战,因为人们正在前往投票站。而我们所有人都高度警觉和警惕这一点,我认为这已经是胜利的一半了。……因此,我打算回到乐观的立场。我不 — — 我不打算说自己有信心。我只想坚持保持乐观。”随后两人笑了。

She added, “So, it is something that I cover — I know you cover on a daily basis — watching for signs that the system might not hold or that the system might be challenged by the most important person in this country as people go to the polls. And the fact that we are all hyper aware and vigilant of it is half the battle, I do think. … And so I’m going to go back to hopeful. I don’t — I’m not going to say confident. I just want to stick with hopeful.”The two then laughed.

毫无疑问,他们明白,设计用于解决宪法危机的机构的强度,仅取决于人们对它们的信任程度。

Surely, they understand that institutions built to resolve constitutional crises are only as strong as the trust people place in them.

如果他们真的理解这一点,那么他们或许应该考虑,他们自身行业通过试图摧毁这些机构 — — 尤其是最高法院 — — 的合法性所造成的损害,仅仅是因为其中一些裁决并不完全符合民主党的政策偏好。

If they understand this, then they might consider the damage their own industry has done by attempting to destroy the legitimacy of those institutions — above all the Supreme Court — simply because some of its decisions do not align fully with Democratic policy preferences.

来自CNN、MS NOW等媒体对最高法院的攻击尤其过分。它们也与这里的讨论尤为相关。当我们谈论旨在引导我们度过宪法危机的制度时,最高法院显然名列前茅。但在大众媒体中,法院被视为不合法,被描述为极端右翼,并被说成是共和党及其捐助者的工具。

The attacks on the court, from CNN, MS NOW, and elsewhere, are especially egregious. They are also especially relevant here. When we talk about institutions designed to guide us through constitutional crises, the Supreme Court is obviously at the top of the list. But in the popular press, the court is treated as illegitimate, described as severely right-wing and in the pocket of Republicans and their donors.

对法院实际裁决记录的粗略审查表明,它并非如此。自特朗普连任以来,他在行政权力方面的三项实体裁决中获胜,而在另外两项中败诉。在紧急事务 docket 上,截至目前已有43项申请(其中四项被撤回,一项待处),根据Ballotpedia的数据,其中41项由政府提交。在已裁决的申请中,约有三分之二支持白宫。然而,更深入的观察表明,法院较少扩大行政权力,而更多是约束那些严重越权的下级法院法官。

A cursory review of the court’s actual record shows it is none of these things. Since Trump’s reelection, he has won three merits decisions on executive authority and lost two. On the emergency docket, there have been 43 applications thus far (four withdrawn and one pending), 41 of which were filed by the administration, according to Ballotpedia. Of the decided applications, about two-thirds favor the White House. A closer look, however, shows the court less often expanding executive power than reining in lower-court judges who had badly overstepped their authority.

法院或许最好被描述为一个“混合体”。它既没有站在活跃法官一边,也没有橡皮图章般地支持特朗普的行政越权行为,也没有维护他最珍视的倡议。

The court might be best described as a “mixed bag.”It has not sided with activist judges, but neither has it rubber-stamped Trump’s executive overreaches or upheld his most treasured initiatives.

然而,事实并未阻止媒体仅因法院拥有保守多数而对其合法性发动反节目和颠覆运动。

The facts, however, have not prevented the media from waging a counterprogramming and subversion campaign against the court’s legitimacy, simply because it has a conservative majority.

在CNN——据称更为严肃的电视网——法律分析师杰弗里·图宾将最高法院称为“共和党参议员米奇·麦康奈尔的最高法院”。首席最高法院分析师琼·比斯库皮克——采用“人们说”式的套路,在不表明个人观点的情况下表达意见——担忧公众会认为多数派“非常政治动机明显”,并指责其“冲破各种规范,推翻半个世纪的堕胎权,还改变枪支权利,改变监管权力。所有这些行为都是基于其私人党派根源所产生的模式”。

At CNN, supposedly the more serious network, legal analyst Jeffrey Toobin referred to the Supreme Court as Republican Sen. Mitch “McConnell’s Supreme Court.”Chief Supreme Court analyst Joan Biskupic — doing the “people say” routine of stating her opinion without stating her opinion — worried that the public sees the majority as “very politically motivated” and accused it of “plowing through all sorts of norms, rolling back a half century of abortion rights and also changing gun rights, changing regulatory authority. Doing all these things based on patterns that arise from their private partisan roots.”

首席法律事务记者保拉·里德指称“保守派超级多数”持有“日益扩大的行政权力观”。记者兼评论员法里德·扎卡里亚亦警告称,法院“近年来在意识形态上变得更可预测——即政治党派化”,并且法官“由共和党任命的现在几乎总是以共和党希望的方式裁决”。必须重申,这恰恰与事实相反。没有任何自由派大法官在特朗普政府第二任期赢得的任何行政权力实质案件中转投保守派多数。

Chief legal affairs correspondent Paula Reid alleged that the “conservative supermajority” holds “an increasingly expansive view of executive power.”Journalist and commentator Fareed Zakaria also warned that the court “has been growing more ideologically predictable — that is, politically partisan – in recent years,” and that judges “appointed by Republicans now almost always rule in ways that Republicans want them to.”It bears repeating that this is the exact opposite of the truth. No liberal justice crossed over to join the conservative majority in any of the executive-authority merits cases the Trump administration won in its second term.

而当白宫败诉时,总是因为保守派大法官与自由派同僚一起作出5比4、6比3,甚至7比2的判决。

And when the White House lost, it was always because conservative justices joined their liberal colleagues in decisions that were 5-4, 6-3, and even 7-2.

这延续了一贯的传统,直至今日仍然存在,即由共和党任命的法官在意识形态上并不僵硬,会跨党投票支持自由派同僚,尽管自由派几乎从不这样做。

This follows a long tradition, which continues through to this day, of Republican-appointed justices being less ideologically rigid, crossing over to vote with their liberal counterparts, even though the liberals almost never do this.

在MS NOW这个为戏剧化自由派打造的网络上,报道仅仅比那更疯狂一点:法院是“非法的”、“流氓的”和“被俘获的”。它由“六名穿着长袍的右翼政客”组成,“一种无人问责的超级立法机构”。“法院本身是被操纵的”,由“党派黑手”组成。它是一个“充斥着黑手的党派机构,他们会竭尽全力保护唐纳德·特朗普。”诸如此类,等等。

At MS NOW, a network created for histrionic liberals, the coverage is only slightly more deranged: The court is “illegitimate,” “rogue,” and “captured.”It comprises “six right wing politicians in robes,” “a kind of unaccountable super-legislature.”The “court itself is rigged,” composed of “partisan hacks.”It is a “partisan institution full of hacks that will do everything in their power to protect Donald Trump.”And so on, and so forth.

包括《纽约时报》和ProPublica在内的主要媒体发起了一场运动,试图让观众关注萨缪尔·阿利托大法官妻子在他们度假屋外飘扬的旗帜。他们如此决心要对这位大法官进行污蔑,以至于在过程中妖魔化了一个深受美国人喜爱的美国革命时期旗帜——这一旗帜此前数十年来,无论是自由派还是保守派,都一直在使用,且从未带有任何党派含义。

A campaign by major media, including the New York Times and ProPublica, tried to make audiences care which flags Justice Sam Alito’s wife flies outside their vacation home. So determined were they to cast aspersions on the justice that they demonized a beloved flag of the American Revolutionary era in the process — a flag that liberals and conservatives alike had flown up to that point for decades without any partisan connotation.

这些媒体人物关于大法官或法院所说或暗示的几乎一切都不真实,但攻击仍在继续。他们从未考虑过他们的诽谤对那些在任何关于我们法律和选举的争议中被寄予厚望、用来维系国家团结的机构所造成的长期损害。

Almost nothing said or insinuated by any of these media figures about the justices or the court is true, yet the attacks continue anyway. No mind is ever given to the long-term damage that their slanders cause to the institutions that will be counted on to hold our country together in any dispute over our laws and elections.

这是一个相当简单的教训,但显然那些由渴望成为抵抗斗士的人运营的、单一思维的新闻机构对此毫无察觉。

It’s a fairly simple lesson, yet one apparently lost on single-minded news organizations run by wannabe resistance fighters.