周五，我主持了一场Reddit AMA，促使网友就我对反堕胎活动家Kristan Hawkins及其所代表运动的报道提出任何问题。
On Friday, I hosted a Reddit AMA, prompting the Internet to ask me anything about my coverage of anti-abortion activist Kristan Hawkins and the movement she represents.
我花了数月时间跟踪并了解Kristan。我看着她与曾遭受性侵的学生进行辩论，在堕胎被禁止的州在线订购药物流产药丸以证明其仍可获得，并讨论如何利用环境法律对抗堕胎。我也目睹她如何应对来自各方的攻击——无论是堕胎权利支持者，还是她自身运动内部的厌女者。
I spent months following and getting to know Kristan. I watched her debate students who were victims of sexual assault, order medication abortion pills online in a state where abortion is banned to show that it was still accessible, and discuss how to weaponize environmental laws against abortion. I also watched her fend off attacks from all sides—from abortion rights supporters to misogynists within her own movement.
Reddit用户特别关注Kristan的信息是否有效，并好奇反堕胎运动接下来有什么计划。
Redditors were particularly interested in the effectiveness of Kristan’s message, and curious about what the anti-abortion movement is planning next.
以下是Reddit讨论的摘录。别忘了阅读我关于Kristan Hawkins的完整报道。您认为Hawkins在影响大学生方面是否有任何成功？她在校园里是如何被看待的？
Here’s an excerpt of the Reddit discussion. Don’t forget to read my full story on Kristan Hawkins and Do you think Hawkins is successfully influencing college students at all? How is she perceived on campus?
我和我的同事们在两个政治立场截然不同的大学校园里观察了Kristan的行动——一个在德克萨斯州，一个在加利福尼亚州。
My colleagues and I watched Kristan in action on two very politically different college campuses—one in Texas and one in California.
令我印象深刻的是，在这两个场所，大多数学生似乎已经形成了相当成熟的观点，才来参加Kristan组织的“改变我的想法”辩论。有一些保守派基督教学生强烈认同她的观点，并将她视为英雄……也有其他学生认为她简直疯了。
What was striking to me in both these venues is that most students seemed to come to the “change my mind” debates that Kristan organized with their views pretty fully formed already. There were some conservative Christian students who strongly agreed with her and saw her as a hero…others who thought she was out of her damn mind.
我们在纪录片中有一段相当震撼的片段，展示了一名学生如何驳斥她的论点……还有些学生持中立态度。
We have a pretty epic clip in the documentary that shows one student shutting down her arguments, for example…and then some who were in between.
但民意调查数据显示，总体而言，大学生——尤其是年轻女性，这是Kristan最关心的人群——压倒性地支持堕胎权。因此，虽然我认为她能够凝聚一个相对较小但忠诚的追随者群体，但总体来看，她的信息未能赢得大多数学生的支持。
But the polling data shows that overall, young people on college campuses—and especially young women, which is the demographic Kristan cares about most—overwhelmingly support abortion rights. So while I think she’s been able to whip up a relatively small, loyal following, by and large, her message is failing to win over the majority of students.
“我们相处的时间足够长，我确实看到了她卸下防备的一面。”假设你不认同霍金斯的观点，你和受访对象的关系是怎样的？这种体验是否非常具有表演性，以呈现出她及其运动的特定形象？还是说受访对象会放松下来，变得更真实？
“We spent enough time together that I did get to see her with her guard down.”Assuming that you don’t share Hawkins’ views, what is the relationship like between you and your subject? Is the experience one that feels very performative so as to present a very particular image of her and her movement, or does the subject relax and become more genuine?
是否存在试图说服你的成分？还是说互动带有对抗性，比如她认为自己在与敌人合作以推进自己的目标？
Is there a component of trying to be persuasive towards you? Or does the interaction have an adversarial element, like she believes she’s working with the enemy to further her goals?
你说得没错，我确实不认同克里斯汀的观点，她从一开始就知道这一点。但我有准确报道我持不同意见的右翼人物的记录。事实上，克里斯汀在我们第一次采访前读过我的著作《》。我认为，当我能坦诚表达自己的立场时，有时有助于建立消息来源关系，因为克里斯汀不必猜测我的立场。
You are correct in thinking I do not share Kristan’s views, and she knew that going into it. But I have a record of accurately reporting on right-wing figures I disagree with. In fact, Kristan read my book, , before our first interview. I think it sometimes helps with the source relationship when I can be open with my views, because Kristan wasn’t trying to guess where I stood.
虽然我们相处的部分时间是在筛选她早已背熟的说辞，其中一些相当离谱（例如她关于堕胎药污染水源危害的观点，大多数科学家认为站不住脚），但我们相处的时间足够长，我感觉确实在某些时刻看到了她卸下防备的一面……比如她精疲力竭、穿着T恤、在机场洗手间化妆的时候，那时我们俩都在政府停摆期间在休斯敦机场过了一夜。
While part of my time with her involved sifting through well-rehearsed talking points, some of which were pretty wild (i.e. her views about the dangers of abortion pills in the water supply, which most scientists think are bogus), we spent enough time together that I felt like I did get to see her with her guard down at times…like when she was exhausted, in a T-shirt, putting on makeup in an airport bathroom after we’d both spent the night in the Houston airport during the government shutdown.
就是那个时刻，她对我说：“我的品牌顾问大概会说你不该拍我。”但作为记者，我想……其实……我觉得这个版本的你，可能比那个整天在社交媒体上发布博眼球愤怒内容的版本，更真实、更讨喜。
This was the moment when she told me: “My brand consultant would probably say you shouldn’t be filming me.”But as a reporter, I was like…actually…I think this version of you is probably more genuine and likable than the version that’s out there posting ragebait on social media all the time.
在当前的政治气候下，你如何看待反堕胎运动在大学校园和大学生群体中的演变？
How do you see the anti-abortion movement on college campuses and among college students evolving in our current political climate?
年轻人，尤其是年轻女性，绝大多数支持选择权。30岁以下人群中，约有三分之二希望堕胎合法化。在年轻女性中，这一比例高达76%。因此，对于霍金斯及其追随者这样的保守派来说，这确实是一场艰难的斗争，我认为这导致了反对堕胎的少数学生产生了一种文化围困感，而这种感受实际上正在激励着他们。
Young people, especially young women, are overwhelmingly pro-choice. About two-thirds of people under 30 want abortion legal. Among young women, it’s as high as 76 percent. So for conservatives like Hawkins and her followers, it’s really an uphill battle, and I think that leads to a sense of cultural embattlement that has actually been galvanizing for the minority of students who oppose abortion.
克里斯坦通过不断发布内容来煽动这种感觉，这些内容展示了支持选择权者对“学生生命”展示的愤怒反应。在我看来，这类内容表明他们的信息不受欢迎……但克里斯坦是擅长操控舆论的高手，所以她会利用这些内容暗示反对堕胎的人正受到疯狂支持选择权者的攻击。
Kristan stokes this feeling with her constant stream of content showing pro-choicers angrily reacting to Students for Life displays. IMO, this kind of content shows their message is unpopular…but Kristan is a master of spin, so she’ll use it to suggest that abortion opponents are under attack by crazy pro-choicers.
不过，克里斯坦也有值得肯定的地方：确实没有一个支持选择权的组织能与“学生生命”相媲美。在堕胎权利一方，没有任何团体在大学校园里拥有如此广泛的影响力和存在感，尽管这是更受欢迎的观点。他们的下一步行动是什么？
To Kristan’s credit, though, there really isn’t a pro-choice parallel to Students for Life. No group on the abortion rights side has as much reach and presence on college campuses, even though that is the more popular point of view. What is their next move?
首先，他们将针对盾牌法——即蓝色州通过的法律，允许例如纽约、马萨诸塞州或加利福尼亚州的临床医生将堕胎药片邮寄到堕胎被禁止的州。
First, they’re coming after shield laws—the laws passed in blue states that allow clinicians in New York or Massachusetts or California, for example, to mail abortion pills into states where abortion is banned.
“她试图阻止一件不可阻挡的事情：邮寄和堕胎药片。”上周，三个红州提交的最高法院诉讼是这场重大宪法对决的开篇炮火。但他们的圣 Grail 实际上会把我们拉回过去……回到1873年。
“She’s trying to stop something unstoppable: The mail and abortion pills.”Supreme Court lawsuit filed by three red states last week is the opening salvo in this major constitutional showdown. But their holy grail would actually take us back in time…to 1873.
克里斯坦·霍金斯及其盟友希望特朗普政府复兴《康斯托克法案》——一部1873年的反恶习法律，他们认为这部法律可以事实上成为全国范围内的堕胎禁令，以阻止药片的邮寄，甚至可能包括堕胎用品的邮寄，甚至在堕胎合法的州也是如此。
Kristan Hawkins and her allies would like the Trump administration to revive Comstock Act an 1873 anti-vice law that they believe can act as a de facto abortion ban nationwide to shut down the mailing of pills, maybe even abortion supplies, including in states where abortion is legal.
还有特朗普FDA对米非司酮的持续审查，据报道将在3月公布，这可能会干扰获取理想药物流产方案中使用的两种药物之一。但无论发生什么，社区供应商表示他们将继续通过邮寄方式发送药片，甚至最热衷的邮政检查员也无法没收这些包裹。
There’s also the ongoing review of mifepristone by Trump’s FDA, which will reportedly be out in March, and could disrupt access to one of two drugs used in the ideal medication abortion protocol. But no matter what happens, community suppliers say they will keep sending pills through the mail, and not even the most zealous postal inspectors can confiscate package.
最终，我认为克里斯坦之所以失败的主要原因之一，是她试图阻止一件不可阻挡的事情：邮寄和堕胎药。下一步计划是否是取消所有避孕措施？
Ultimately, one of the major reasons I think Kristan has lost is that she’s trying to stop something unstoppable: The mail and abortion pills. Is the next plan removal of all birth control?
打击避孕措施一直、一直都是计划的一部分——只是相比打击堕胎，它作为政治话题的显著性较低，因此他们往往更低调地进行！
Going after birth control was always, always part of the plan—it just happens to be less salient as a political talking point than going after abortion, so they tend to be more quiet about it!
克里斯坦·霍金斯及其许多 fellow 堕胎反对者反对大多数避孕方法，因为他们（错误地）认为这些方法会导致堕胎。最近令人着迷的是，观察旧式宗教对避孕的反对与 MAHA 运动及其声称因各种其他原因拒绝避孕的“清新”网络影响者之间的交汇。
Kristan Hawkins and many of her fellow abortion opponents oppose most birth control methods, because they believe (incorrectly) that they can cause abortions. What’s been fascinating lately is watching the intersection of old-school religious opposition to contraception with the MAHA movement and its crunchy online influencers who claim to eschew birth control for a whole host of other reasons.
克里斯坦显然在利用这一趋势。例如，我在今年夏天的一个会议上拿到了一张“学生为生命”明信片，上面宣称停止使用避孕药是“去绿色化”的一种方式。我不认为她会退出这场运动，但我认为她在这些分歧中前行将会越来越困难。”霍金斯如何应对自己运动中厌女者的攻击？她如何在不气馁的情况下前进？是否会有一个时候，她因为这些攻击而退出运动？
Kristan is definitely taking advantage of this trend. I picked up a Students for Life postcard at a conference over the summer, for example, that touted getting off birth control as a way to “go green“I don’t think she’ll quit the movement, but I do think she’ll increasingly have trouble navigating these divides.” How does Hawkins deal with the attacks from the misogynists in her own movement? How does she move forward without being discouraged, and would there be a point where she quits the movement because of these attacks? This question is a big part of why I wanted to follow Kristan Hawkins in this moment!
这个问题正是我想在这一刻跟随克里斯坦·霍金斯的重要原因之一！她以及反堕胎运动中的其他女性目前正遭遇来自该运动硬右派别的一波敌意。这些人把堕胎数量上升归咎于像她这样的女性领导人，并希望对堕胎者实施监禁惩罚，甚至可能是死刑。
She and other women in the anti-abortion movement are getting a wave of animosity right now from a hard-right faction of their own movement that blames women leaders like her for the fact that abortions have gone up, and that wants to punish people who have abortions with jail, maybe even the death penalty.
事实上，克里斯坦曾表示，她更担心被这些人开枪射击，而不是被支持选择权的人伤害。克里斯坦正走在这条相当危险的界线上，因为她天生好斗，倾向于反击厌女者，但她又不能表现得太像女权主义者，否则可能疏远她保守派支持者的基础。
In fact, Kristan has said she’s more afraid of being shot by these folks than by pro-choicers. Kristan’s walking a pretty wild line here, because she is a brawler by nature whose inclination is to fight off the misogynists, but she can’t sound too feminist or she risks alienating her base of conservative supporters.
因此，她的解决办法是试图两全其美。她有时会采用女权主义的表述，以此吸引年轻女性并反驳厌女者。但最终，她仍然坚持极端的反堕胎立场。
So her solution has been to try to have it all. She leans into feminist talking points sometimes as a way to hook in young women and shoot down the misogynists. But then, ultimately, she still embraces an extreme anti-abortion POV.
至少目前，她不同意所谓的堕胎“废除论者”主张——即将堕胎者定为杀人罪……尽管她一直在努力两全其美，她曾告诉我，可能会有那么一天，将女性刑事化才显得合理。我不认为她会退出这场运动，但我认为她在这些分歧中的困境只会日益加剧，她将花越来越多的时间在内部斗争上。
At least for now, she disagrees with the so-called abortion “abolitionists” who want people who have abortions to be charged with murder…although in her persistent effort to have it all, she told me that there might come a time when criminalizing women makes sense. I don’t think she’ll quit the movement, but I do think she’ll increasingly have trouble navigating these divides, and she’ll spend more and more of her time fighting internal battles.