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卫报

拉美有组织犯罪“或在16个欧洲国家活动”Latin American organised crime ‘may operate in 16 European countries’

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洪都拉斯禁毒局(DLCN)成员在本月初对一包可卡因进行测试,随后在特古西加尔巴焚毁了2.5吨毒品。照片:奥兰多·塞拉/法新社/盖蒂图片社A member of the Honduran narcotics directorate (DLCN) tests a package of cocaine before 2.5 tonnes of the drug are burnt in Tegucigalpa earlier this month. Photograph: Orlando Sierra/AFP/Getty Images

随着众多贩毒集团扎根欧洲,欧洲的毒品查获量在10年间增加了五倍多。《卫报》历时四个月的调查揭示了这场席卷整个欧洲大陆的深刻转变的真实规模。

《卫报》历时四个月的调查显示,欧洲可卡因贩运激增,与拉美犯罪网络在欧洲不断扩大的势力直接相关;他们在欧洲与当地黑手党组织建立了紧密的联系。

Cocaine seizures in Europe are up more than fivefold in 10 years as a host of cartels take root. A four-month Guardian investigation reveals the true scale of a continent-wide shift A four-month investigation by the Guardian has revealed that the surge in cocaine trafficking to Europe is directly linked to the expanding presence of Latin American criminal networks in Europe, where they have forged close ties with local mafia organisations.

西班牙加利西亚维戈的海关官员上个月卸下一艘被查获的帆船上的可卡因捆绑包,该船上载有超过2000公斤的毒品。照片:萨尔瓦多·萨斯/EPASpanish customs officials in Vigo, Galicia, unload bundles of cocaine from a sailing boat that was seized with more than 2,000kg of the drug last month. Photograph: Salvador Sas/EPA

这项利用了数据库、警察和情报机构资料,以及对来自八个国家的法官、检察官和专家的采访的调查显示,来自哥伦比亚、巴西、厄瓜多尔、委内瑞拉、墨西哥和美国的贩毒集团及派系在至少12个欧洲国家活动。2014年至2024年间,可卡因查获量激增了471%,并且更多用于加工可卡因衍生物的本土实验室被捣毁。

The investigation, utilising databases, police and intelligence agencies, along with interviews with judges, prosecutors and experts from eight countries, shows that cartels and factions from Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, Venezuela, Mexico and the US are active in at least 12 European countries. Between 2014 and 2024, there was a 471% rise in the quantity of cocaine seized and more local laboratories processing cocaine derivatives were dismantled.

2024年,巴西北部罗赖马州博阿维斯塔附近的毒贩。首都指挥部(PCC)是南美洲最大的犯罪集团。照片:华盛顿邮报/盖蒂Drug traffickers near Boa Vista, in Brazil’s northern state of Roraima, in 2024. The First Capital Command (PCC) is South America’s largest criminal group. Photograph: Washington Post/Getty
2024年,厄瓜多尔杜兰的士兵和警察突袭了一处被毒贩占领的房屋。该国已成为毒品走私的关键通道。照片:赫拉尔多·门斯卡尔/法新社/盖蒂Soldiers and police raid a house seized by drug traffickers in Duran, Ecuador, in 2024. The country has become a key trafficking route for drugs. Photograph: Gerardo Menoscal/AFP/Getty