美国能源部长克里斯·赖特已发布紧急指令，授权PJM Interconnection（负责为中大西洋和中西部地区相当部分地区提供服务的区域输电运营商）根据实际情况运营指定的发电设施，以确保电网稳定。该联邦指令于10月12日发布，赋予PJM自10月13日至10月16日的临时紧急权力。根据该指令，电网运营商有权强制特定发电设施发电，并在受限条件下调用补充电力储备，以在其覆盖多个州的网络中维持稳定的能源分配，这与该部门官方网站上记载的命令一致。
The United States Secretary of Energy, Chris Wright, has issued an emergency directive authorizing PJM Interconnection, the regional transmission operator responsible for serving substantial portions of the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest regions, to operate designated electrical generation facilities as circumstances require to ensure grid stability. This federal mandate, enacted on October 12, establishes temporary emergency powers for PJM extending from October 13 through October 16. Pursuant to the directive, the grid operator possesses the authority to compel specific power generation facilities to produce electricity and, under restricted conditions, access supplementary power reserves to sustain consistent energy distribution throughout its network spanning multiple states, consistent with the order documented on the department's official website.
联邦当局和电网管理人员均强调，该指令旨在防止电力服务中断，并不构成对计划停电的通知。哪些13个美国州受到影响？该紧急命令的发布是由于PJM Interconnection承担着关键的运营责任。
Both federal authorities and grid management personnel have emphasized that the directive is formulated expressly to avert power service disruptions and does not constitute notification of planned power outages. Which 13 US states are affected? The emergency order has been issued due to PJM Interconnection's critical operational responsibilities.
总部位于费城大都会区的PJM互联互通公司负责管理十三个州以及哥伦比亚特区全部或部分地区的批发电力分配。该命令指出：“PJM作为其地区的可靠性协调员和平衡机构，因此负责监督发电调度，以在传输系统限制范围内随时满足系统需求。”PJM区域包括以下地区全部或部分：特拉华州、伊利诺伊州、印第安纳州、肯塔基州、马里兰州、密歇根州、新泽西州、北卡罗来纳州、俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州、田纳西州、弗吉尼亚州、西弗吉尼亚州以及哥伦比亚特区。
Based in the Philadelphia metropolitan area, PJM Interconnection manages the wholesale electricity distribution across thirteen states and the District of Columbia in their entirety or in part.“PJM serves as the Reliability Coordinator and Balancing Authority for its region and is, therefore, responsible for overseeing the dispatch of generation to meet system demand at all times within the limits of the transmission system," the order states. The PJM Region includes all or parts of:DelawareIllinoisIndianaKentuckyMarylandMichiganNew JerseyNorth CarolinOhioPennsylvaniaTennesseeVirginiaWest Virginia and the District of Columbia Why has US declared power grid emergency?
美国为何宣布电网紧急状态？该紧急指令的实施是对地区电力基础设施面临的电力消耗升级及限制的回应。为应对预计的需求激增，电网运营商于10月13日生效宣布了最大发电警报和负荷管理警报，原因是异常升高的秋季气温与关键基础设施的计划维护活动共同作用的结果。美国PERM冻结：专家阐述对印度工人的影响及替代绿卡途径，‘真正的后果是……’预计10月13日的电力消费将达到或超过约111,500兆瓦，主要原因是‘异常温暖的秋季天气状况’。另一个促成因素是常规季节性维护计划，该计划在9月中旬至12月初期间进行。
The emergency directive has been implemented in response to escalating electricity consumption and limitations affecting the regional electrical infrastructure. In anticipation of this projected demand surge, the grid operator has declared both a Maximum Generation Alert and a Load Management Alert effective October 13, attributing this action to a confluence of abnormally elevated autumn temperatures and planned maintenance activities on critical infrastructure.US PERM freeze: Expert outlines impact and alternative Green Card routes for Indian workers, ‘The real consequence is…’Electricity consumption is projected to reach or exceed approximately 111,500 megawatts on October 13, primarily attributable to 'unseasonably warm autumn weather conditions'.An additional contributing factor is the routine seasonal maintenance program, which operates between mid-September and early December.
在整个维护窗口期间，电力公司系统性地将发电设施和输电基础设施从服务中移除，以进行必要的维护和系统升级，从而确保在冬季需求激增期间具备足够的容量。该指令进一步指出，数据中心和其他大型用电运营的备用电源系统是缓解电网压力的可行机制。“我们了解到，PJM旨在解锁并部署数据中心（包括但不限于超大规模设施）以及其他大型工商业客户场所的备用发电资源（无论是辅助的、待命的、直接连接的、电池储能的还是其他形式，以及是否与大电力系统同步），作为另一种工具，以减轻对大电力系统的任何不必要的风险，”该命令称。
Throughout this maintenance window, power utilities systematically remove generation facilities and transmission infrastructure from service to conduct essential maintenance and system enhancements, thereby ensuring adequate capacity for the heightened demand anticipated during the winter season. The directive further identifies backup power generation systems at data centers and other substantial electricity-consuming operations as a viable mechanism to alleviate strain on the electrical grid." It is our understanding that PJM seeks to unlock and deploy backup generation resources (whether auxiliary, standby, directly-connected, battery storage, or other, and whether synchronized or not to the bulk-power system) at data centers (including, but not limited to, hyperscaler facilities) and at other large load industrial and commercial customer sites as another tool to mitigate any undue risk to the bulk-power system," the order said.
针对13个州的居民发布了什么建议？PJM强调，此初步通知并不要求住宅用户立即采取行动。用电可在正常条件下进行，紧急声明主要用于协调发电运作和维持电网平衡。然而，运营商已发布容量建议，并保留在情况恶化时实施需求响应措施的权力。13个州服务区域内的居民和商业实体可能被要求在需求高峰期间自愿减少非必要用电。
What advisory has been issued for residents in 13 states?PJM has underscored that the preliminary notice does not mandate immediate action from residential consumers. Electricity consumption may proceed under standard conditions, with the emergency declaration serving principally to orchestrate power generation operations and preserve grid equilibrium. However, the operator has disseminated capacity advisories and maintains the authority to implement demand-response initiatives should circumstances worsen. Residents and commercial entities throughout the 13-state service territory may be requested to voluntarily curtail discretionary electricity usage during periods of peak demand.