加州倡导团体正在庆祝一项“重大而重要的胜利”，因为加州州长加文·纽瑟姆签署了一项全国首创的法案，要求大型企业调查并披露其与奴隶制的历史关联，以推动州层面的赔偿行动。
California advocacy groups are celebrating a "big, important victory" in their push for state-level reparations after Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a first-in-the-nation bill requiring large corporations to investigate and disclose historical ties to chattel slavery.
加州黑人力量网络（CBPN）以及赔偿、和解与真相联盟的政策和运动经理克里斯汀·尼默斯对福克斯新闻数字版表示，纽瑟姆签署《2599号议会法案》——即《真相披露法案》——标志着企业问责制的重要里程碑。
Kristin Nimmers, policy and campaign manager for the California Black Power Network (CBPN) and the Alliance for Reparations, Reconciliation, and Truth, told Fox News Digital Newsom’s signature on Assembly Bill 2599 — the Truth in Disclosure Act — marks a significant milestone for corporate accountability.
“目前，奴隶制与个人当前财富以及企业当前财富之间存在直接联系。这些企业的基础和创业起点正是建立在奴隶制之上，并从奴隶制中获益，”尼默斯说。
"There are connections right now from slavery to current wealth of individuals and current wealth of corporations whose foundation and who built the start of their companies off of slavery and off of benefits gained from slavery," Nimmers said.
尽管赔偿前景尚不明确，加州立法者仍希望企业披露其与奴隶制的关联。纽瑟姆于9月30日签署了AB 2599法案，尼默斯称这是一个“历史性时刻”，迫使在加州运营的符合条件的企业翻查历史记录并公开披露奴隶时代的交易。
CALIFORNIA LAWMAKERS WANT CORPORATIONS TO DISCLOSE TIES TO SLAVERY DESPITE UNCERTAIN FUTURE FOR REPARATIONS Newsom signed AB 2599 into law Sept. 30, a move Nimmers called a "historic moment" that forces qualifying businesses operating in California to scour historical records and publicly disclose slavery-era transactions.
加州是全国首个成立正式特别工作组的州，旨在研究奴隶制的遗产并提出潜在的赔偿措施。
California was the first state in the nation to establish a formal task force to study the legacy of slavery and recommend potential restitution measures.
“加州赔偿特别工作组花了数年时间记录该州在延续种族伤害方面所扮演的角色，并勾勒出通向修复的道路，”尼默斯说。“AB 2599正真正启动识别谁真正从这种种族伤害和奴隶制中获益的工作。”该法案由众议员伊萨克·布赖恩（民主党-拉德拉高地）起草，适用于年全球总收入超过1亿美元、且在1964年12月31日或之前存在——或其前身实体当时正在运营——的企业。
"The California Reparations Task Force spent years documenting the state's role in perpetuating racial harm and outlining this path toward repair," Nimmers said. "AB 2599 is really starting the work of identifying who really benefited from this racial harm and from slavery." Authored by Assemblymember Isaac Bryan, D-Ladera Heights, the law applies to businesses with more than $100 million in annual worldwide gross receipts that existed — or had a predecessor entity in operation — on or before Dec. 31, 1964.
一旦获得州立法机构的资助，受该法案约束的公司将被要求在伪证罪的处罚下，向加州民权部提交宣誓书。
Once funded by the state legislature, covered companies will be required to submit sworn affidavits under penalty of perjury to the California Civil Rights Department.
这些披露必须详细说明在购买或出售被奴役人口方面的任何历史参与情况，将被奴役的人作为贷款抵押的使用情况，与奴隶制相关的保险政策以及其他金融交易。受监管实体须在2029年1月15日前提交其首次申报文件。
These disclosures must detail any historical involvement in the purchase or sale of enslaved people, the use of enslaved human beings as loan collateral, slave-related insurance policies and other financial transactions. Covered entities have until Jan. 15, 2029, to submit their initial filings.
随着加利福尼亚州县官员推动对黑人居民进行赔偿，现金支付并未被“排除”在外。尽管加州州长加文·纽森对更广泛、高成本的赔偿倡议持谨慎态度，但AB 2599法案仍得以推进。
CASH PAYMENTS ARE NOT 'RULED OUT' AS CALIFORNIA COUNTY OFFICIALS PUSH REPARATIONS FOR BLACK LOCALS The progressive governor'sg of AB 2599 comes despite his cautious stance on broader, high-cost reparations initiatives.
最近，纽森否决了众议院法案2186，该法案原本将使未来州政府的赔偿支付免于加州个人所得税。该法案的作者、众议员蒂娜·麦金诺尔（民主党-英格尔伍德）周五对福克斯新闻数字版表示，这一否决令她感到失望。
Most recently, Newsom vetoed Assembly Bill 2186, which would have exempted future state reparations payments from California's personal income tax. The bill's author, Assemblymember Tina McKinnor, D-Inglewood, told Fox News Digital Friday that the veto was disappointing.
纽森还一直抵制直接现金支付，而州特别工作组的建议估计，此类支付每位符合条件的受益人可能需要花费数百万美元。此前，他曾否决加州立法黑人党团支持的一系列更广泛的以现金为重点的赔偿措施。
Newsom has also consistently resisted direct cash payments, which state task force recommendations estimated could cost millions per eligible recipient. He previously turned down a broader slate of cash-focused reparations measures backed by the California Legislative Black Caucus.
然而，纽森批准了州政府资助加州大学进行研究，以建立验证方法，帮助被奴役美国人的后代确定其是否有资格获得未来的非现金福利。
However, Newsom did approve state funding for California universities to research and establish verification methods for descendants of enslaved Americans to determine potential eligibility for future noncash benefits.
尽管遭遇立法挫折，尼默斯仍对加州——即“金州”——的赔偿前景持乐观态度，他指出，加州黑人政策网络（CBPN）计划利用AB 2599作为动力，将特别工作组的更广泛建议转化为法律。纽约官员因行动多年延迟，赔偿活动人士不期望获得补偿。
REPARATIONS ACTIVIST DOES NOT EXPECT COMPENSATION FROM NEW YORK OFFICIALS AS ACTION IS DELAYED FOR YEARS Despite those legislative setbacks, Nimmers remains optimistic about the future of reparations in the Golden State, noting that CBPN plans to leverage AB 2599 as momentum to turn the task force’s broader recommendations into law.
“这有助于我们把特别工作组的工作从建议转向实施，”尼默斯说。“这对我们的联盟以及我们与赔偿特别工作组成员的合作来说，确实是一项重要的重大胜利，但这也只是我们试图参与的更大规模运动和努力中的一步。”加州黑人力量网络是一个由48个黑人领导和服务于黑人社区的组织组成的全州联盟，这些组织遍布加州14个县。该网络汇聚了专注于住房、教育和刑事司法改革的基层组织，旨在通过政策倡导和社区组织来对抗系统性种族主义。
"It helps us move the work of the task force from recommendations toward implementation," Nimmers said. "This is really an important, big victory for our alliance and for our work with reparations task force members, but it is also just one step in a much greater movement and effort that we're trying to be a part of." The California Black Power Network is a statewide coalition composed of 48 Black-led and Black-serving organizations operating across 14 California counties. Bringing together grassroots organizations focused on housing, education and criminal justice reform, CBPN was established to combat systemic racism through policy advocacy and community organizing.
该网络的使命核心是修复性正义。CBPN将当下的经济差距——包括教育差距、财富不平等和系统性不公——视为源自奴隶制、种族隔离和吉姆·克劳法等历史创伤的直接后果。
Central to the network’s mission is reparative justice. CBPN frames present-day economic disparities — including educational gaps, wealth inequality and systemic injustice — as direct consequences of historical harms stemming from chattel slavery, segregation, and Jim Crow practices.
在加州非裔美国人赔偿提案研究与制定特别工作组（由AB 3121设立）多年的工作期间，CBPN担任官方州社区锚点。该联盟推动了全州范围内的基层公民参与，举办倾听会以收集公众证词，这些证词直接为该特别工作组在2023年发布的具有里程碑意义的1100页最终报告提供了依据。
During the multi-year tenure of the California Task Force to Study and Develop Reparation Proposals for African Americans (established under AB 3121), CBPN served as an official state community anchor. The coalition facilitated grassroots civic engagement across California, hosting listening sessions to gather public testimony that directly informed the task force’s landmark 1,100-page final report issued in 2023.
随着AB 2599成为法律，CBPN正专注于扩大其基层基础，以推动该法案的全面实施。加州县批准赔偿计划，而邻近学区的“黑人繁荣”努力停滞不前“AB 2599确实代表了迈向企业透明度和问责制的历史性一步，”尼默斯说。
With AB 2599 now on the books, CBPN is focused on expanding its grassroots base to push for full implementation. CALIFORNIA COUNTY APPROVES REPARATIONS PLAN AS NEIGHBORING SCHOOL DISTRICT 'BLACK THRIVING' EFFORT STALLS "AB 2599 really represents a historic step toward corporate transparency and accountability," Nimmers said.
我们一代又一代地知道，公司和金融机构确实从奴隶制和对黑人的剥削中获益良多。AB 2599 正在为在加利福尼亚州开展业务的公司建立一个资格认定流程，以便它们真正审查并披露其与奴隶制的任何历史关联。这一点很重要，因为如果我们不真正愿意承认和面对真相，就无法完全、有意义地修复伤害，”她补充道。
"We know for generations, corporations and financial institutions have really benefited from slavery and from the exploitation of Black people. AB 2599 is starting to establish a process for qualifying corporations doing business in California to really examine and disclose any historical ties they've had to slavery. This matters because we can't fully and meaningfully repair harms if we're not really willing to acknowledge and confront the truth," she added.
“当我们思考修复应该是什么样子时，”她说，“将其与其起源联系起来很重要，这样我们才能解决这些核心问题。”在全国其他地区，地方性赔偿计划正以参差不齐的成功向前推进。
"When we're thinking about what repair looks like," she said, "it's important that we're tying it back to what the origin of it was so we can address those core issues." Elsewhere in the country, localized reparations programs have moved forward with mixed success.
伊利诺伊州埃文斯顿的黑人居民作为旨在纠正历史住房歧视的市政计划的一部分，获得了 25,000 美元的住房补助金。全国范围内正在就类似的地方和市政倡议进行辩论，这些倡议旨在提供直接补偿或经济援助。
Black residents in Evanston, Illinois, received $25,000 housing grants as part of a municipal program aimed at rectifying historic housing discrimination. Similar local and municipal initiatives seeking to provide direct compensation or economic aid are being debated nationwide.