新的H-1B现状正在产生明确的赢家和输家。特朗普政府提出了一系列针对不同合法移民途径的方案，从面向高技能外籍工人的H-1B签证，到面向在美国大学毕业的外国学生的OPT学生工作授权。周四，副总统JD·万斯宣布将对一些科技公司员工的绿卡途径进行打压，其中包括微软和Adobe。商业内幕一直在通过我们持续进行的H-1B后续系列报道，探讨熟练外籍工人如何应对不断变化的移民政策，该系列是在特朗普首次对部分H-1B申请者征收10万美元费用一年后推出的。
The new H-1B reality is beginning to produce clear winners and losers. The Trump administration has introduced proposals that target various legal immigration pathways, from the H-1B visa for highly skilled foreign workers to the OPT student work authorization for foreign students who have graduated from a US university. On Thursday, Vice President JD Vance announced a crackdown on the pathway to green cards for workers at some tech firms, including Microsoft and Adobe. Business Insider has been covering how skilled foreign workers navigate the changing immigration policies through our ongoing H-1B fallout series, launched one year after Trump first introduced the $100,000 fee on some H-1B applicants.
我们已经审视了外国人才的流向，以及选择加入H-1B体系者所做的隐藏牺牲。我们还聚焦了不同签证流程阶段个体的故事。为了了解在新的H-1B体系中谁更好谁更差，商业内幕采访了移民律师和学者，并分析了过去三个财政年度前三个季度的H-1B申请数据。杜安莫里斯律师事务所移民法部门负责人Ted Chiappari告诉商业内幕，H-1B规则或政策的任何变化中“都没有内容会偏向某一家公司而不利于另一家”。
We have examined where foreign talent is heading and the hidden sacrifices of those who opt into the H-1B system. We've also spotlighted stories from individuals at different stages of the visa pipeline. To understand who is better and worse off in the new H-1B system, Business Insider spoke to immigration lawyers and academics and analyzed H-1B application data from the first three quarters of the last three fiscal years. Ted Chiappari, head of immigration law at law firm Duane Morris, told Business Insider there is nothing in any of the changes in H-1B rules or policies that "would favor one company over another."
相反，正在显现的是，拥有现金的雇主和具备紧缺技能的员工，在日益不确定的H-1B制度中正获得相对优势。美国每年发放85,000份H-1B签证。尽管2026年3月的H-1B抽签申请量比去年下降了超过38%，但需求仍然超过供应，美国公民及移民服务局如是说。特朗普提出的针对新申请者的10万美元H-1B费用目前被法院搁置。Chiappari表示，这“可能是”申请量下降的主要原因。
Instead, what's emerging is that employers with cash and employees with in-demand skills are seeing a relative advantage from the increasingly uncertain H-1B regime. The US issues 85,000 H-1B visas a year. Demand still outweighs supply, even as applications in the March 2026 H-1B lottery dropped more than 38% from the year before, the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services said. Trump's proposed $100,000 H-1B fee for new applicants is held up in the courts. It is "probably the main reason" those applications fell, Chiappari said.
此前，政府曾表示其修改旨在遏制H-1B项目的滥用并保护美国工人，美国公民及移民服务局也持相同观点。发言人扎克·卡勒表示，目标是让基于就业的签证“补充而非取代美国工人”。白宫和劳工部未回应置评请求。一种偏向某一类工人而非另一类工人的监管变动是按工资加权的H-1B上限选择方式。它在今年早些时候取代了随机抽签制度，使得处于更高工资档次的申请人被选中的概率更大。本文是《商业内幕》“H-1B后续：一年后”系列报道的一部分。
The administration has previously said its changes are intended to curb misuse of the H-1B program and protect American workers, a sentiment echoed by USCIS. Spokesperson Zach Kahler said the goal is to have employment-based visas "supplement, not supplant American workers." The White House and the Department of Labor did not respond to requests for comment. A regulatory change that favors one group of workers over another is the wage-weighted H-1B cap selection. It replaced the randomized lottery earlier this year and gives applicants in higher wage bands a greater chance of being selected. This story is part of Business Insider's "H-1B Fallout: 1 year later" series.