英国外交大臣埃德·米利班德周三表示，他希望债务重组和其他措施能够成为支持世界上一些最贫困国家的关键优先事项，当英国明年主持二十国集团国际论坛时。
Foreign Secretary Ed Miliband said on Wednesday he wanted debt restructuring and other measures to support some of the world's poorest countries to be a key priority when Britain chairs the Group of 20 international forum next year.
米利班德试图重燃当年在戈登·布朗担任财政大臣时期所催生的雄心壮志——那一年推出了一项重大债务减免计划，同时承认导致英国大幅削减援助支出的财政限制。
Miliband sought to rekindle the ambition that led to a major debt relief plan in 1999 under the then-finance minister Gordon Brown, while acknowledging the budget constraints that have led Britain to sharply scale back its aid spending.
“我们需要就债务达成新协议，一项支持各国在更长时间范围内偿还债务的协议，更重要的是，通过更优惠的利率进行再融资，以给发展中国家提供宝贵的财政空间，”他说。
"We need a new deal on debt, a deal that supports countries to repay over longer time horizons and, crucially, refinancing with better rates to give developing countries precious fiscal space," he said.
米利班德早期曾担任布朗的政治顾问，他在曼谷洛克菲勒基金会主办的活动上发表了上述言论，国际货币基金组织和世界银行正在那里举行年度会议。
Miliband, who early in his political career was an advisor to Brown, was speaking at an event hosted by the Rockefeller Foundation in Bangkok, where the International Monetary Fund and World Bank are holding their annual meetings.
周三早些时候，IMF总裁克里斯塔利娜·格奥尔基耶娃警告称，不利的经济发展和人工智能的快速进步威胁着加深发达经济体与发展中经济体之间的鸿沟，尤其是在海外援助大幅下降的背景下。
Earlier on Wednesday, IMF chief Kristalina Georgieva warned that adverse economic developments and the rapid advance of AI threatened to deepen the gulf between advanced and developing economies, especially given steep drops in overseas aid.
包括英国在内的发达经济体借贷成本激增——上周英国政府债券收益率达到自1998年以来的最高水平——也推动了发展中国家的债务偿付成本升至25年来的最高点。
A surge in borrowing costs in advanced economies including Britain – where government bond yields hit their highest since 1998 last week – has also pushed up debt servicing costs in developing nations to a 25-year high.
“虽然许多国家并未违约偿还其付款，但如果你愿意这样说，他们正被迫在后代的前景上违约，”米利班德说。
"While many are not defaulting on their payments, they are being forced, if you like, to default on the prospects of future generations," Miliband said.
多边开发银行已经具备向贫困负债国家提供更多资金的空间，潜在规模可能达到数十亿美元，而进一步的改革可能允许数千亿美元的再融资，他补充道。
Multilateral development banks already had scope to provide greater funding to poor, indebted nations, potentially to the tune of tens of billions of dollars, and further reform could allow hundreds of billions of dollars of refinancing, he added.
他还表示，未来的借贷条件也应确保个别私营部门债券持有人无法通过拖延整个重组过程来榨取更大的偿还。这些提议得到了美国非政府组织全球发展中心的谨慎欢迎。
Future borrowing terms should also ensure that individual private-sector bondholders could not stall entire restructuring processes to extract bigger repayments, he said. The proposals received a cautious welcome from the Center for Global Development, a US NGO.
该中心副总裁克莱芒斯·兰德斯表示：“毫无疑问，需要雄心勃勃的多边应对措施。”
"There's no doubt an ambitious multilateral response is needed," the Center's Vice President Clemence Landers said.
“但我们需要确保我们并不是仅仅用于发展中经济体投资的多边开发银行和国际货币基金组织融资，去偿还其他主要债权人，比如中国和债券持有人。”全球发展中心还呼吁英国逆转计划中的援助支出削减。
"But we need to make sure we aren't just using multilateral development bank and IMF finance meant for investment in developing economies to pay back other major creditors, like China and bondholders." The Center for Global Development also called on Britain to reverse planned cuts to aid spending.
英国于2013年成为首个将国民收入的0.7%用于对外援助的国家，但2021年这一比例被削减至0.5%，去年时任首相基尔·斯塔默表示，为了资助更高的国防开支，该比例将在2027年进一步降至0.3%。
Britain became the first country to spend 0.7% of national income on overseas aid in 2013, but in 2021 this was cut to 0.5% and last year then-Prime Minister Keir Starmer said it would be reduced further to 0.3% in 2027 to fund higher defence spending.
被问及此事时，米利班德表示，任何改变将由英国新任财政大臣约翰·希利决定。
Asked about this, Miliband said any change would be up to Britain's new finance minister, John Healey.
“我们作为政治家的职责之一，是认识到我们所处的世界，包括财政限制，包括我们在援助支出上看到的削减，然后思考：我们如何能有所作为，包括在我们的G20年份。”
"Part of the job of us as politicians is to recognise the world we're in, including fiscal constraints, including the reductions we've seen in aid spending and then think: how do we make a difference, including in our G20 year."