美国联邦法官杰西·M·弗尔曼周二临时阻止美国总统唐纳德·特朗普政府对两家总部位于美国的人权组织实施制裁，原因是这些组织与国际刑事法院（ICC）合作，调查以色列在加沙地带涉嫌战争罪行。在其裁决中，弗尔曼法官引用了2025年的一起案件，当时两名法律教授提起诉讼，挑战特朗普针对国际刑事法院实施制裁的行政命令。民主与阿拉伯世界现在（DAWN）和反种族灭绝纳税人联盟（TAAG）于7月因这些国际刑事法院制裁起诉特朗普政府。
A United States federal judge temporarily blocked US President Donald Trump's administration from sanctioning two US-based human rights organizations on Tuesday for working with the International Criminal Court (ICC) in its investigations into alleged Israeli war crimes in the Gaza Strip. In his order, US Judge Jesse M. Furman cited a 2025 case in which two law professors filed a lawsuit challenging Trump's executive order imposing sanctions on the ICC. Democracy for the Arab World Now (DAWN) and Taxpayer Alliance Against Genocide (TAAG) sued the Trump administration in July over these ICC sanctions.
当时，他们辩称该行政令“违宪限制了美国人在国际刑事法院就巴勒斯坦问题寻求公正，并与仅因呼吁国际刑事法院调查以色列和美国国民而被指定的少数人权捍卫者进行合作。”弗曼表示，DAWN和TAAG在针对两名法学教授的诉讼中提出了类似的挑战，法院在该案中裁定，该行政令“违反了这些原告的第一修正案权利，因为它构成了对他们基于言论的活动基于内容的监管，且经不起严格审查。”
At the time, they argued that the order "unconstitutionally restrict [s] Americans from seeking justice on Palestine at the ICC and working with human rights defenders designated solely for calling on the ICC to investigate Israeli and American nationals." Furman said that DAWN and TAAG raised a similar challenge in their lawsuit against the two law professors, in which the court had decided that the order “violated those plaintiffs' First Amendment rights because it constituted a content-based regulation of their speech-based activities and did not survive strict scrutiny."
不过，弗曼拒绝了原告将2025年行政令宣布为“表面违宪”的请求。美国国务院称国际刑事法院对美国主权构成“不可容忍的威胁”美国国务院一名发言人对《卫报》表示，尽管他们无法对未决诉讼发表评论，“但特朗普政府的态度一直很明确：国际刑事法院对美国主权构成了不可容忍的威胁。”
However, Furman rejected the plaintiffs' request to declare the 2025 executive order as "facially unconstitutional."US State Department says ICC poses 'intolerable threat' to US sovereigntyA US State Department spokesperson told The Guardian that, while they could not comment on pending litigation, “The Trump administration has been clear: the ICC poses an intolerable threat to US sovereignty.”
DAWN执行主任奥马尔·沙基尔对这场法庭胜利表示庆祝，称法院“踩下了刹车”，阻止了特朗普政府“庇护实施了种族灭绝的以色列官员及其美国支持者免受司法制裁”的努力。
Omar Shakir, DAWN's executive director, celebrated the courtroom victory, saying that the court had "put the brakes" on the Trump administration's efforts to "shield from justice the Israeli officials who have perpetrated a genocide and their US backers."
沙基尔补充道：“法院的裁决明确表明，法律不允许禁止美国人在国际刑事法院倡导公正，或与本届政府仅因呼吁为美国和以色列战争罪行伸张正义而实施制裁的人权捍卫者进行合作。”
The court ruling makes clear that the law does not permit barring Americans from advocating for justice at the ICC or working with human rights defenders that this administration sanctioned solely for calling for justice for US and Israeli war crimes," Shakir added.TAAG's Anna Marie Stenberg also responded to the court decision, saying that the judge had "affirmed important First Amendment protections," and that it was a "significant victory, but our work is far from over."
TAAG的安娜·玛丽·斯滕伯格也对法院的裁决作出回应，称法官“维护了重要的第一修正案保护”，这是一次“重大的胜利，但我们的工作远未结束。”特朗普政府在前法官赢得诺贝尔和平奖后对国际刑事法院实施制裁特朗普政府于周五对国际刑事法院实施了制裁，就在该法院的一位前法官赢得诺贝尔和平奖数小时后，此举使华盛顿与欧洲盟友走上了外交对抗的道路。
Trump administration sanctions ICC after former judge wins Nobel Peace PrizeTrump's administration imposed sanctions on the ICC on Friday, hours after one of its former judges won the Nobel Peace Prize, putting Washington on a diplomatic collision course with European allies.
特朗普政该政府长期以来一直对成立于2002年、负责审理战争罪、反人类罪和种族灭绝罪的国际刑事法院持敌对态度，此前曾对该法院的检察官和法官实施制裁。
The Trump administration has long been hostile to the court founded in 2002 to prosecute war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide, and has previously imposed sanctions on its prosecutors and judges.
周五的举措将走得更远，因为它可能会惩罚为法院本身提供服务的公司。华盛顿一直在谴责国际刑事法院，原因是该法院对以色列官员（包括总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡）发出逮捕令，以及对美军在阿富汗的行动进行的过去调查——国际刑事法院随后已关闭了该调查。
Friday's move would go far further, by potentially punishing companies that provide services to the court itself. Washington has denounced the ICC over arrest warrants issued for Israeli officials including Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, and a past investigation into actions of US soldiers in Afghanistan, which the ICC has since closed.