非洲将停止为那些进口近乎完整车辆进行本地组装的汽车制造商提供政策支持，贸易、工业和竞争部长帕克斯·陶（Parks Tau）周四表示，政府正在对该国汽车产业所依赖的计划进行彻底改革。
Africa will stop providing policy support for automakers that import near-complete vehicles for local assembly, Trade, Industry and Competition Minister Parks Tau said on Thursday, as the government overhauls the programme that underpins the country's car industry.
在南非汽车周活动上，陶表示，政府已同意逐步淘汰依赖进口整车车身及大部分零部件（以套件形式）的现有生产模式——这一过程被称为“半散件组装”（SKD），并且不会为新建工厂提供政策支持。
Speaking at South African Auto Week, Tau said the government had agreed to phase out existing operations that rely on importing vehicle bodies and most of their components in kit form — a process known as semi knocked-down, or SKD, assembly — and would not provide policy support for new facilities.
这一转变旨在推动制造商实现更深度的本地生产和采购。《南非汽车产业总体规划》的目标是，将本地化生产比例从目前平均38%提升至60%，将该行业就业人数翻倍，并到2035年将南非在全球汽车产量中的份额提升至1%。
The shift is designed to push manufacturers toward deeper local production and sourcing. The South African Automotive Master Plan aims to raise local content to 60% from the current average of 38%, double employment in the sector and increase South Africa's share of global vehicle output to 1% by 2035.
陶表示，这一变化不适用于中型和重型商用车辆。当局还将收紧法律对“全散件组装”（CKD）生产的定义——即使用本地采购的零部件从零开始组装整车。
The change will not apply to medium and heavy commercial vehicles, Tau said. Authorities will also tighten the legal definition of what qualifies as complete knock-down, or CKD, manufacturing — in which a vehicle is built from the ground up using locally sourced parts.
陶还称，政府将调查南非“梯形车架”轻型商用车辆（包括皮卡）领域是否需要额外支持。他表示，将指示负责征收进口关税的南非国际贸易管理局（ITAC）展开调查，再就该问题作出最终决定。
Tau also said the government would investigate whether additional support was needed for South Africa's "ladder-frame" light commercial vehicle segment, which includes pickup trucks. The minister said he would instruct the country's International Trade Administration Commission (ITAC), which imposes import tariffs, to conduct an investigation before making a final determination on the matter.
他补充道：“各方也达成共识，任何额外的保护性措施都必须伴随着在本地生产、本地化、就业、产业转型、出口和投资方面的对等承诺。”
"There was also alignment that any additional protection should be accompanied by reciprocal commitments relating to production, localisation, employment, transformation, exports, and investment," he added.
政府正与行业组织南非汽车制造商协会（NAAMSA）、零部件制造商协会（NAACAM）以及工会组织共同审查该行业的激励框架——《汽车生产与发展计划》。
The government is reviewing the Automotive Production and Development Programme, the incentive framework for the sector, together with industry body NAAMSA, component manufacturers' association NAACAM and organised labour.
这篇评论的背景是，多家汽车制造商纷纷呼吁政府出台激励措施并调整相关政策，以促进本土制造业发展，同时保护本国生产商免受进口产品的冲击。今年早些时候，宝马集团南非公司首席执行官彼得·范宾斯贝根表示，整个汽车行业都在敦促政府堵上他所称的SKD“漏洞”。范宾斯贝根解释道：“SKD生产商几乎可以免税进入南非市场，因为他们利用‘售后市场’相关类别免税进口发动机；这些企业无需进行任何投资，也几乎不创造就业机会，却在南非轻松获利。”
The review follows calls from automakers for incentive and policy changes that would favour deeper manufacturing activity and protect local producers from imports. Earlier this year, BMW Group South Africa CEO Peter van Binsbergen said the industry had urged the government to close what he described as an SKD "loophole." "SKD manufacturers are coming in close to duty-free because they're using aftermarket categories to import the engine duty-free, for example, and they're actually having a very easy time here in South Africa without creating any investments and hardly creating any jobs," van Binsbergen said.
丰田南非汽车公司首席执行官安德鲁·柯比则在7月份指出，南非的汽车产业早已不再需要SKD模式；他还警告称，依赖成套零部件组装汽车的做法可能会损害大规模整车生产领域的投资。柯比强调：“因此我们强烈呼吁逐步淘汰南非境内的SKD模式，同时提升CKD模式的竞争力，从而实现本土生产汽车与进口汽车之间的良性平衡。”
Toyota South Africa Motors CEO Andrew Kirby said in July that the country's automotive sector had evolved beyond the need for SKD operations and warned that assembling vehicles from kits risked undermining larger investments in full-scale production. "So our strong request is that we phase out SKD in South Africa and that we strengthen the competitiveness of CKD, so that we can have a better balance between locally produced vehicles and imported vehicles," Kirby said.