东京——日本计划最早从2027财年起，允许由国内企业海外子公司拥有的外国旗籍船舶被视为日本旗籍船只，以扩大其在紧急情况下可调动的船队规模。
TOKYO -- Japan plans to let foreign-flagged ships owned by overseas subsidiaries of domestic companies be treated as Japanese-flagged vessels as early as fiscal 2027, looking to broaden the range of craft it can mobilize during emergencies.
根据现行法律，交通大臣可以命令在日本登记的船舶执行任务，例如将日本公民从危险地区撤离或协助救灾。交通大臣还可指定航线以及需要运输的人员和货物。如果这些船舶遭到攻击，还可以使用武器进行保护。
Under current law, the transport minister can order vesselsed in Japan to conduct operations like evacuating Japanese nationals from dangerous regions or assisting with disaster relief. The minister can specify routes as well as the people and cargo to be transported. Such vessels also may be protected with the use of weapons if they come under attack.
尽管这一机制从未被启用，但在2月底美国主导的对伊朗打击行动引发霍尔木兹海峡危机后，一个实际运作问题浮出水面：许多由日本公司运营的船舶都悬挂着外国国旗。
Though this mechanism has never been used, one operational problem became clear after U.S.-led strikes on Iran in late February triggered a crisis in the Strait of Hormuz: Many ships operated by Japanese companies areed under foreign flags.
截至3月，有45艘与日本相关的船舶滞留在波斯湾，导致能源运输中断。其中40艘为外国旗籍船只，限制了政府的干预能力。
As of March, 45 vessels connected to Japan were stranded in the Persian Gulf, disrupting energy transportation. Of those, 40 were foreign-flagged ships, limiting the government's ability to intervene.
截至2025年6月底，日本共有2227艘商船，其中仅有341艘（占15%）是由国内航运公司或船东拥有的日本旗籍船只。为减轻税负和劳动力成本，许多公司通过设立在巴拿马和利比里亚等国子公司，将船舶登记为外国旗籍。
Japan had 2,227 merchant vessels as of the end of June 2025, only 341 -- or 15% -- of which were Japanese-flagged ships owned by domestic shipping companies or shipowners. To reduce tax burdens and labor costs, many companies vessels under foreign flags through subsidiaries established in countries like Panama and Liberia.
计划中的法律修订将扩大可被视为日本旗籍船只的船舶范围。在交通大臣发布紧急命令后，国内母公司将能够租用其海外子公司的船舶，并以日本旗籍船只的身份运营这些船舶。
The planned legal revisions would expand the range of vessels that can be treated as Japanese-flagged ships. After an emergency order from the transport minister, domestic parent companies would be able to charter vessels from their overseas subsidiaries and operate them as Japanese-flagged ships.
国土交通省计划设立一项认证制度，用于核实船舶的吨位、安全标准及其他相关指标，从而允许在和平时期，被租赁的船舶被指定为悬挂日本国旗的船只。这些船舶将在紧急情况下作为储备船使用，为紧急货物运输及其他突发状况提供灵活性。
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism plans to establish a certification system under which it would verify vessel tonnage, safety standards and other criteria, allowing ships to be designated in peacetime as Japanese-flagged vessels when chartered. These ships would serve as reserve vessels during emergencies, providing flexibility for urgent cargo transportation and other contingencies.
政府顾问小组预计将在11月底前完成一份报告，目标是在2027年议会常会期间提交对海运运输法的修正案。
A government advisory panel is expected to compile a report by the end of November, aiming to submit amendments to a maritime transportation law during the regular session of parliament in 2027.
日本目前已有制度允许海外子公司拥有的船舶通过全资收购的方式转入日本船籍，但此类转让产生的资本利得税抑制了该制度的更广泛使用。东京方面希望，允许租赁安排将加快这一制度的采用。
Japan already has a system that allows vessels owned by overseas subsidiaries to be transferred to the Japanese registry through outright purchase, but taxes on capital gains from such transfers have discouraged wider use. Tokyo hopes that allowing charter arrangements will accelerate adoption.
该部门还在考虑将日本的吨位税制度扩展至根据新制度被认定为悬挂日本国旗的船舶。该税制以船舶大小而非企业利润为计税依据。
The ministry also is considering extending Japan's tonnage tax regime, which levies taxes based on vessel size rather than corporate profits, to ships deemed as Japanese-flagged under the new system.
由于税负与商业周期无关，这一框架使企业更容易规划大规模投资。日本船东协会也呼吁扩大该制度的适用范围。
Because tax liabilities are not tied to business cycles, the framework makes it easier for companies to plan large-scale investments. The Japanese Shipowners' Association also has called for an expansion of the system.