一项对陆军人员的研究发现，四分之一的军人睾酮水平低于阈值，与美国普通人群的情况相似。
A quarter of troops measured below testosterone thresholds, a study of Army personnel found, with similar results compared to the general U.S. population.
根据周四发表在《JAMA》上的研究，30岁以下的男性士兵中有20%的睾酮水平低于美国泌尿外科协会设定的阈值——即每分升300纳克（ng/dL）。30岁及以上的军人中大约有三分之一——32.8%——低于该阈值。
According to the research, published Thursday in JAMA, 20% of male soldiers younger than 30 years had testosterone levels less than the threshold established by the American Urological Association of 300 nanograms per deciliter, or ng/dL. Roughly a third of service members — 32.8% — aged 30 and older fell below the threshold.
根据分析，对军人进行一次性睾酮检测显示，有100,691名现役士兵的早晨睾酮水平低于300 ng/dL。
According to the analysis, one-time testosterone testing of troops determined that 100,691 active-duty soldiers had morning testosterone levels of less than 300 ng/dL.
研究人员表示，这些结果是国防部在新计划下可能面临的情况的一个例子——该计划要求所有30岁及以上的男性军人接受低睾酮筛查。研究人员来自路易斯安娜州巴吞鲁日的彭宁顿生物医学研究中心和马萨诸塞州纳蒂克的美国陆军环境医学研究所。
The results are an example of what the Department of Defense may encounter under a new program that requires all male service members 30 years and older to be screened for low testosterone, said the researchers from the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, and the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine in Natick, Massachusetts.
研究人员表示，这些结果“表明，常规睾酮筛查将导致许多男性军人需要进行确认性检测和临床评估。”
The results, the researchers said, “suggest that routine testosterone screening will result in confirmatory testing and clinical evaluation for many male service members.
国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯在7月宣布，五角大楼将开始对所有30岁以上的军人进行睾酮水平筛查；对于30岁以下、主动申请并出现疲劳、性欲低下、情绪抑郁、注意力受损或身体表现下降等症状的军人，筛查将是自愿的。
Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced in July that the Pentagon would begin screening testosterone levels of all service members over age 30 and would be voluntary for those below 30 request it and are experiencing symptoms such as fatigue, low libido, depressed mood, impaired concentration or diminished physical performance.
赫格塞斯在社交媒体上发布的一段视频中表示，维持适当的睾酮水平是确保军人保持在“致命性前沿”的一种方式。他还说：“此举不是关于人工增强。而是关于恢复和优化你的自然能力，保护你的寿命，并确保你具备维持战斗所需的生物学基础。”
In a video posted to social media, Hegseth said maintaining proper testosterone levels was a way to ensure that troops stay on the “leading edge of lethality.”“This initiative is not about artificial enhancement. It’s about restoring and optimizing your natural capabilities, protecting your longevity and ensuring you have the biological foundation required to sustain and fight,” Hegseth said.
环境暴露，包括铅暴露、战斗、身体受伤、睡眠不足和心理健康状况，可能导致军人睾酮水平低下。
Environmental exposures, including lead exposure, combat, physical injuries, sleep deprivation and mental health conditions can contribute to low testosterone in service members.
重度病例的治疗 — — 在医学上称为性腺功能减退症 — — 可能带来严重副作用，例如情绪波动、易怒和攻击性、血栓以及可能导致不育的精子数量低。
Treatment for severe cases — medically known as hypogonadism — can have serious side effects, such as mood swings, irritability and aggression, blood clots and low sperm count that can cause infertility.
根据新的国防卫生局临床实践指南，军人将在两天的早晨进行筛查，若其睾酮水平低于300 ng/dL的标准，则需接受进一步评估。他们可以选择接受治疗，治疗方式包括根据药物每周一次或两次注射，或每日口服药物或凝胶。治疗不会强制执行。
Under the new Defense Health Agency clinical practice guidelines, service members will be screened in the morning on two separate days and assessed for further evaluation if they fall below the 300 ng/dL standard. They may choose to undergo treatment, which involves once- or twice-weekly injections depending on the medication, or a daily oral medication or gel. Treatment will not be mandatory.
国防部对睾酮替代疗法的兴趣源于一个围绕睾酮的日益增长的45亿美元产业，该激素被宣传为一种补充剂，能够提升身体表现、性欲、专注力和青春活力。
The interest in testosterone replacement therapy in the DoD follows a growing $4.5 billion industry centered around testosterone, with the hormone touted as a supplement that contributes to increased physical performance, sex drive, concentration and youthful energy.
2018年，美国国立卫生研究院对800名老年男性进行的研究表明，睾酮疗法改善了勃起功能障碍、性欲和情绪，但在疲劳、记忆或整体幸福感等方面几乎没有改善。
Studies in 2018 by the NIH on 800 older men demonstrated that testosterone therapy improved erectile dysfunction, libido and mood, but had little or no improvement on measures such as fatigue, memory or overall well-being.
该研究于周四发表，基于对军队健康与营养检查研究数据的分析，该调查于2024年8月至2026年1月期间在五个陆军基地进行。
The research, published Thursday, was based on an analysis of data from the Military Health and Nutrition Examination study, a survey conducted at five Army bases from August 2024 through January 2026.
作者指出，军人睾酮水平低并不意味着他们都患有性腺功能减退症。
The authors noted that the low testosterone levels in service members do not indicate that they all had hypogonadism.
去年对现役男性进行的一项研究发现，0.43% — — 即超过280万军人中的12,112人 — — 被诊断出患有性腺功能减退症，且发病率最高的群体主要是资深军官，大多为将军级官官和准尉。
A study conducted last year of active-duty men found that .43%, or 12,112 of more than 2.8 million service members, were diagnosed with hypogonadism, and those with the highest rates were the most senior, largely general officers and warrant officers.
JAMA研究信的作者警告称，检测可能导致过度的医疗就诊、费用和治疗。
The authors of the JAMA research letter cautioned that testing could result in excess medical visits, costs and treatment.
研究人员写道：“阳性筛查结果需要临床解读，通常会提示进行重复检测、进一步评估、针对可改变因素的咨询，以及在有指征时考虑治疗。由于睾酮替代疗法是长期进行的，且可能伴有不良反应，因此区分孤立的低筛查值与临床上显著的性腺功能减退症至关重要。”
“Positive screening result requires clinical interpretation and typically prompts repeat testing, further evaluation, counseling regarding modifiable factors, and consideration of treatment if indicated. Because testosterone replacement therapy is long term and has potential adverse effects, distinguishing an isolated low screening value from clinically significant hypogonadism is essential,” the researchers wrote.