内政部长沙巴纳·马赫穆德威胁称，如果东非国家厄立特里亚政府不接受更多乘坐小船抵达的移民和外国籍罪犯的遣返，将禁止所有厄立特里亚人进入英国。
Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood has threatened to ban all Eritreans from entering the UK if the east African country's government does not accept more returns of small boat migrants and foreign national offenders.
从周四起，厄立特里亚外交官将面临在伦敦以外地区活动受限的情况。VIP的快速通道签证也将被暂停。此前，部长们曾通过威胁实施签证禁令来施压其他国家接受遣返。
From Thursday, Eritrean diplomats will face restrictions on their movement outside London. Fast-track visas will also be stopped for VIPs. Ministers have previously pressured other countries into accepting returns by threatening visa bans.
厄立特里亚将此举称为“敷衍的政治花招”，称自2023年以来，英国尚未向任何厄立特里亚官员发放过一张签证，而内政部对此予以否认。该国驻伦敦大使馆还指责英国拒绝进行“有意义且适当的对话”。
Eritrea branded the move a "perfunctory political gimmick", saying the UK had not issued a single visa to an Eritrean official since 2023, which the Home Office denies. The country's embassy in London also accused the UK of refusing to engage in "meaningful and appropriate dialogue".
其表示，英国未能透露仍在服刑罪犯的遣返情况，且英国声称遣返是自愿的“而事实上，显然并非如此”。
It said the UK had failed to disclose the return of criminals still serving prison terms and that the UK had claimed returns were voluntary "when clearly, they were not".
然而，内政部发言人表示，厄立特里亚政府的评论“歪曲了英国的立场”。
However, a Home office spokesperson said the Eritrean government's commentary "misrepresents the UK's position".
根据内政部的说法，英国在2026年8月曾对一名厄立特里亚官员豁免移民管制。消息人士还称，英国希望恢复两国之间的合作。
The UK had granted an exemption from immigration control for an Eritrean official in August 2026, according to the Home Office. Sources also said the UK hoped to restore co-operation between the two countries.
人权观察组织指责厄立特里亚政府实施广泛压迫——包括强迫劳役、征兵以及限制言论自由。
Human Rights Watch has accused Eritrea's government of widespread repression - including forced labour, conscription and restrictions on freedom of expression.
厄立特里亚人是在截至6月的12个月内乘坐小船抵达英国的最常见国籍，占到抵达人数的18%，这一数据来自英国下议院图书馆的统计。
Eritreans were the most common nationality among small boats migrants in the 12 months to June - accounting for 18% of arrivals according to figures from the House of Commons Library.
马赫穆德表示：“厄立特里亚已经有每一次机会接受罪犯和无权留在英国人员的遣返。与其他国家不同，它拒绝了。”她还说，她“不会犹豫对其他拒绝合作的国家实施进一步措施”。英国政府指责厄立特里亚当局“突然”在今年早些时候撤回合作。
Mahmood said: "Eritrea has had every chance to accept the return of criminals and those with no right to be in the UK. Unlike other countries, it has refused." She said she would not hesitate "to impose further measures on other countries refusing to co-operate". The UK government accused the Eritrean authorities of "abruptly" withdrawing co-operation earlier this year.
这些限制意味着，外交官在未获许可的情况下，禁止前往伦敦60公里以外的地区旅行。
The restrictions mean diplomats are banned from travelling 60km outside London without permission.
内政部表示，这反映了对在厄立特里亚首都阿斯马拉的英国官员所施加的限制。
The Home Office said this mirrored restrictions on British officials in Eritrea's capital Asmara.
根据内政部的数据，截至6月的12个月里，只有七名厄立特里亚人从英国被遣返回厄立特里亚。另有244名厄立特里亚人被遣返回其他国家。
In the 12 months to June only seven people from Eritrea were returned there from the UK, according to Home Office figures. A further 244 Eritreans were returned to other countries.
同一时期，超过5800名厄立特里亚人通过小船抵达英国。另有1300人获得签证，主要是为了与已经在英国定居的人团聚。
Over the same period, more than 5,800 Eritreans arrived in the UK via small boats. A further 1,300 were given visas, mostly to join people already settled in the UK.
牛津大学移民观察站主任马德琳·萨普森博士表示，针对厄立特里亚的措施影响甚微。
Dr Madeleine Sumption, director of the Migration Observatory at the University of Oxford, said targeting Eritrea would have little impact.
“厄立特里亚是来英国寻求庇护者的主要来源国之一——我们在最近一年的数据中收到了大约7000份庇护申请，占总数的大约8%,”她在BBC广播4台《今日》节目中告诉记者。
"Eritrea is one of the major countries of origin for asylum seekers coming to the UK - we had roughly 7,000 asylum applications in the last year of data, roughly 8% of the total," she told BBC Radio 4's Today programme.
“来英国并申请庇护的厄立特里亚人大多数根本无法被遣返——政府永远不会就遣返他们进行谈判，因为84%的人在初步裁决中获得成功；更多人将在上诉中获胜。”她补充说，大约有1400人最初被拒绝庇护，但这一数字将在上诉后减少。
"Most Eritreans who come and claim asylum are not removable at all - the government would never be in negotiations to remove them because 84% are successful at initial decision; more will be successful on appeal." She added that about 1,400 people were initially refused asylum, but that this number would reduce after appeals.
许多年轻的厄立特里亚人试图离开这个一党制国家，以避免可能持续数十年的兵役征召。
Many young Eritreans try to leave the country - which is a one-party state - to avoid military conscription, which can last for decades.
厄立特里亚自1993年从埃塞俄比亚独立以来从未举行过选举，也没有独立媒体。总统伊萨亚斯·阿费尔克维的批评者多年来被逮捕和监禁，常常未经审判。
Eritrea has never held an election since independence from Ethiopia in 1993 and there is no independent media. Critics of President Isaias Afwerki have been arrested and jailed for many years, often without trial.
该国仅允许四种宗教——东正教基督教、逊尼派伊斯兰教、罗马天主教会和厄立特里亚福音路德宗教会——其他宗教的信徒多年来被长期关押。
Only four religions are permitted in the country – Orthodox Christianity, Sunni Islam, the Roman Catholic Church, and the Evangelical-Lutheran church of Eritrea – and followers of other religions have been locked up for years on end.
去年11月，内政部表示，已准备好暂停对那些“未能配合遣返本国公民”的国家的签证。
Last November, the Home Office said it was prepared to suspend visas from countries that "fail to co-operate with the return of their citizens".
今年早些时候，英国曾威胁对安哥拉、纳米比亚和刚果民主共和国（DRC）实施签证限制。
Earlier this year, the UK threatened visa restrictions against Angola, Namibia and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
去年曾对刚果民主共和国宣布限制，但内政部表示，随着遣返合作的改善，这些限制已被解除。安哥拉和纳米比亚均在限制实施前同意了相关调整。
Restrictions were announced against the DRC last year, but the Home Office said these have been lifted after co-operation on returns improved. Angola and Namibia both agreed changes before restrictions were introduced.
但萨姆普森指出，政府可能会避免针对某些国家，以免损害贸易关系。
But Sumption pointed out that the government may avoid targeting certain countries to avoid damaging trade relationships.
她说：“如果你在看总体上被拒绝庇护且未被遣返回原籍国的人数，巴基斯坦、孟加拉国等国家名列前茅。”
"If you're looking at overall numbers of people who are refused asylum and not returned to their country of origin, it would be places like Pakistan, also Bangladesh that are right at the top of the list," she said.
“但当你有这么多国际学生前来，例如，还有很多人持工作签证入境时，对这些国家实施签证禁令所带来的副作用，远大于对厄立特里亚这样的国家。”
"But the collateral damage of a ban on visas for those countries when you have so many international students coming, for example, [and] a lot of people coming on work visas would be much greater than a country like Eritrea."
根据内政部数据，自今年年初以来，已有超过20,400人乘坐小船抵达英国，较去年同期下降40%。
According to Home Office data, more than 20,400 people have arrived in the UK by small boats so far since the beginning of this year, down 40% from the same period last year.
从2025年7月至今年6月，英国共实施遣返和驱逐超过40,600人次，较去年同期增长8%。在这些被遣返的人员中，少于6,000人因刑事犯罪被定罪。
There were more than 40,600 returns and deportations from the UK from July 2025 to June this year - an 8% increase on the same period last year. Of those who had been returned, fewer than 6,000 have been convicted of a criminal offence.
