丰田汽车公司（Motor Corp.）的最新紧凑型跨界车将于12月起在安大略省的一家工厂开始生产，这表明日本汽车制造商正致力于在加拿大制造汽车，而此时美国竞争对手正在该国缩减产能，新进入的中国竞争对手则在加速提升销量。
Motor Corp.’s latest compact crossover will roll out of a plant in Ontario starting in December, a sign of the Japanese automaker’s commitment to making cars in Canada at a time when US rivals are shrinking production in the country and newly arrived Chinese competitors are ramping up sales.
更新后的混合动力专用版雷克萨斯NX是丰田位于安大略省剑桥市38年历史的工厂群中生产的三款车型之一，另外两款是丰田RAV4跨界车和雷克萨斯RX SUV。虽然其中部分车型在当地销售，但约85%的产量被预留用于出口 — — 主要面向规模更大、利润更丰厚的美国市场。
The updated, hybrid-only Lexus NX is one of three models made at Toyota’s 38-year—old factory complex in Cambridge, Ontario, along with the Toyota RAV4 crossover and Lexus RX SUV. While some of those are sold locally, about 85% are earmarked for export — mostly to the much larger and more lucrative US market.
丰田还在位于约30英里（48公里）外的另一座安大略省工厂生产RAV4。去年，这两家工厂合计生产了537,518辆汽车，使丰田成为加拿大最大的汽车制造商。
It also builds the RAV4 at another Ontario facility located about 30 miles (48 km) away. The plants produced a combined 537,518 vehicles last year, making Toyota the largest vehicle manufacturer in Canada.
美国是加拿大制造汽车的关键市场，而该行业正因美国总统唐纳德·特朗普对进口商品征收的关税而受到严重冲击，这些关税侵蚀了利润空间，并促使一些汽车制造商在该国缩减运营规模。白宫威胁称，如果在1月1日前未能达成更广泛的贸易协议，将把汽车关税提高至50%。
The US is a crucial market for vehicles made in Canada and the sector has been hit hard by President Donald Trump’s tariffs on imports, which have eroded profitability and spurred some carmakers to downsize their operations in the country. The White House has threatened to increase tariffs on autos to 50% if a broader trade deal isn’t reached by Jan. 1.
丰田为其加拿大业务投资了11亿美元，用于最新款RAV4的生产，该车型于今年1月开始投产；此外，还投入了数亿美元用于最新款NX。随着丰田旗下所有工厂目前均处于满负荷或接近满负荷的运行状态，丰田认为加拿大是其全球制造网络中的关键环节，也是其四十年本地化战略的核心。
Toyota invested $1.1 billion in its Canadian operations for the latest RAV4 model, which began production in January, and hundreds of millions of dollars more for the newest NX. With all of the carmaker’s factories are running at or close to full capacity, Toyota sees Canada as a vital cog in its global manufacturing network and key to its four-decade-long localization efforts.
“我们完全致力于在加拿大长期生产汽车，”丰田汽车加拿大制造公司企业事务总监斯科特·麦肯齐在一次采访中表示，并指出其当地工厂运行两个完整班次加常规加班。“我们将继续在此投资，并认为加拿大是制造汽车的好地方。”丰田和日本同行本田汽车公司对加拿大的承诺，正值中国制造汽车进入加剧竞争之际。虽然获准从中国进口的汽车数量仍相对较小——每年约5万辆——但根据渥太华今年早些时候与北京达成的协议，该配额将稳步增长。
“We’re fully committed to making cars in Canada for the long-term,” Scott MacKenzie, director of corporate affairs at Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada, said in an interview, noting its local factories run two full shifts plus regular overtime. “We continue to invest here and think Canada is a great place to make cars.”The commitment to Canada by Toyota and fellow Japanese automaker Honda Motor Co. comes at a time when competition is being stoked by the entry of Chinese-made cars. While the number of permitted imports from China remains relatively small — about 50,000 vehicles a year — that allotment will steadily grow under a deal Ottawa reached earlier this year with Beijing.
中国吉利汽车控股有限公司计划明年在加拿大启动销售，有望成为首个在加拿大建立存在的中国大众市场电动汽车制造商。
China’s Geely Automobile Holdings Ltd. has plans to launch sales in Canada next year, positioning it to be the first Chinese mass-market electric vehicle maker to establish a presence in the country.
通用汽车公司长期以来一直是加拿大市场的领导者，2025年汽车和卡车销量约为30万辆。但丰田正迅速缩小差距，去年创下249,445辆的交付量纪录，增长4.4%。但这发生在市场增长放缓的背景下，新车销量增长2.1%，达到约190万辆。
General Motors Co. has long been the market leader in Canada with 2025 sales of about 300,000 cars and trucks. But Toyota is rapidly closing the gap, with record deliveries of 249,445 vehicles last year — a gain of 4.4%. But that came against a backdrop of a market that has been growing more slowly, rising 2.1% to some 1.9 million new car sales.
美加之间日益紧张的贸易关系加剧了加拿大车辆产量的长期下降，部分原因是劳动力和其他固定成本。该国组装的汽车数量已从2000年的约300万辆降至2024年的130万辆。
Heightened trade tensions between the US and Canada have exacerbated a longer-term decline in Canadian vehicle production due in part to labor and other fixed costs. The number of cars assembled in the country has fallen from around 3 million in 2000 to 1.3 million in 2024.
近年来，三家总部位于底特律的主要汽车制造商已缩减了在加拿大的生产规模。
The three major Detroit-based automakers have scaled back their production footprint in Canada in recent years.
今年初，通用汽车取消了多伦多郊外一家卡车工厂的轮班制度；去年，该公司又关停了安大略省英格索尔的另一家工厂。拥有吉普与公羊品牌的斯特兰蒂斯集团则于2023年暂停了多伦多地区一家工厂的生产，目前正计划将其出售；同时，该集团还停止了位于底特律附近安大略省温莎市的工厂生产Pacifica混合动力版小型厢式车。
GM eliminated a shift at its truck plant outside Toronto earlier this year, and ended output at another factory in Ingersoll, Ontario, last year. Stellantis NV, which owns the Jeep and Ram brands, halted production in 2023 at a Toronto-area factory it now plans to sell, and cut a hybrid version of its Pacifica minivan from the production lines at a sibling plant in Windsor, Ontario, near Detroit.
福特汽车公司也对其位于加拿大的整车组装厂的生产布局进行了调整，如今该厂仅专注于重型卡车的生产。此前福特曾计划在该厂生产全电动汽车，也曾将重心放在跨界SUV的生产上，如今这些计划均已取消。
Ford Motor Co. has reconfigured its vehicle manufacturing operations at its Canadian vehicle assembly plant to concentrate solely on heavy-duty truck production, shifting in 2024 from a plan to make all-electric vehicles there and its prior focus on crossover SUVs.
就连在加拿大生产紧凑型思域轿车及CR-V跨界车的本田，也暂时搁置了扩产计划。作为整体战略调整的一部分，本田今年初取消了在现有安大略省工厂附近投资150亿加元（约合106亿美元）建设电动汽车电池供应链的计划。
Even Honda, which makes the compact Civic sedan and CR-V crossover in Canada, has paused plans to expand capacity. It scrapped plans earlier this year to build a C$15 billion ($10.6 billion) EV battery supply chain near its existing Ontario plant as part of a broader strategic pivot.