1916年，妇女尚未获得投票权，传播避孕信息是犯罪行为。该诊所维持了大约10天。
In 1916, women weren’t yet guaranteed the vote, and sharing information on contraception was a crime. The venture lasted some 10 days.
玛格丽特·桑格在110年前的周五开设了美国首家避孕诊所，当时妇女尚未获得投票权，传播避孕信息是犯罪行为。
When Margaret Sanger opened the United States’ first birth control clinic 110 years ago Friday, women weren’t yet guaranteed the right to vote, and sharing information on contraception was a crime.
桑格的母亲因11次分娩和7次流产而身体虚弱，50岁时死于肺结核。目睹母亲的痛苦，以及她自己作为护士的经历，促使桑格前往欧洲学习避孕方法，并将所学带回美国。
Sanger’s mother, weakened by 11 births and seven miscarriages, had died at 50 of tuberculosis. Watching her mother suffer, and her own experience as a nurse, motivated Sanger to travel to Europe to study birth control methods and bring what she learned back home.
1916年10月16日，超过400名妇女，有些推着婴儿车，排队在布鲁克林布朗斯维尔区安博伊街46号的租用商铺外，支付10美分购买小册子和接受指导。该诊所由桑格、她的妹妹埃塞尔·伯恩和朋友法妮·明德尔工作，还分发避孕药具。
More than 400 women, some wheeling baby carriages, lined up outside the rented storefront at 46 Amboy St. in the Brownsville neighborhood of Brooklyn on Oct. 16, 1916, to pay 10 cents for pamphlets and instruction. The clinic, staffed by Sanger, her sister Ethel Byrne and friend Fania Mindell, distributed contraceptives, too.
该诊所维持了大约10天，随后警察突袭场所，逮捕了在那里工作的妇女并关闭了诊所。桑格被判处在皇后县惩教所服刑30天，据纽约大学玛格丽特·桑格文件项目介绍，她在那里花时间向狱友讲授避孕知识。
The venture lasted some 10 days before police raided the premises, arrested the women working there and shut down the clinic. Sanger was sentenced to 30 days in the Queens County penitentiary, where, according to the Margaret Sanger Papers Project at New York University, she spent her time lecturing fellow inmates on birth control.
桑格留下了复杂的遗产。她推广优生学这一种族主义伪科学，向三K党妇女辅助组织发表过关于避孕的演讲，并支持1927年最高法院的一项裁决，即各州可以对“弱智”或“不适者”进行强制绝育。但她于1916年创办的诊所后来启发了计划生育协会，该协会目前在美国运营数百家诊所，她的工作也帮助推动了避孕药具的合法化。
Sanger left a complex legacy She promoted the racist pseudoscience of eugenics, delivered a speech on birth control to the women’s auxiliary of the Ku Klux Klan and endorsed the 1927 Supreme Court ruling that states may forcibly sterilize the “feeble minded” or “unfit.”But the clinic she founded in 1916 went on to inspire Planned Parenthood, which now operates hundreds of clinics in the U.S., and her work helped lead to legal access to contraceptives.
《照片年鉴》是《华盛顿邮报》的一个不定期系列，利用照片档案，通过审视我们来自何处，来理解我们身处何地。
Photo Almanac is an occasional series from The Washington Post, using photo archives to understand where we are today by examining where we’ve been.