布鲁塞尔——10月16日，欧盟领导人正努力应对乌克兰对星链卫星通信系统的依赖问题，该系统目前支撑着乌克兰的战场行动，而基辅方面则遭遇了这一美国公司所有系统的中断。
BRUSSELS – EU leaders grappled on Oct 16 with how to tackle Ukraine’s dependence on Starlink satellite communications supporting its battlefield operations, as Kyiv was rocked by disruptions to the US-owned system.
欧盟外交政策负责人卡亚·卡拉斯表示，欧洲目前尚无现成的替代方案来取代由埃隆·马斯克旗下SpaceX公司控制的技术。她抵达欧盟峰会时指出，该问题将成为会议的重要议题。
The bloc’s foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said Europe did not have a readily available alternative to technology controlled by Elon Musk’s SpaceX, as she arrived at an EU summit where the issue will be high on the agenda.
“星链对乌克兰来说确实至关重要，但遗憾的是，在短期内欧洲无法替代这一能力。”卡拉斯在会谈前表示。乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基也出席了此次会谈。
“Starlink is really necessary for Ukraine and unfortunately in (the) short term Europe can’t replace this capability,” Kallas said before the talks, where Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky was also in attendance.
乌克兰使用星链的军用级卫星服务“星盾”（Starshield）进行战场通信、对俄罗斯占领地区的中程打击以及拦截无人机行动。
Ukraine uses Starshield, Starlink’s military-grade satellite service, for its battlefield communications, mid-range strikes on Russian-occupied territory and interceptor drones.
乌克兰也使用SpaceX平行的星链民用卫星系统，但并未用于进攻性行动。
It also uses SpaceX’s parallel Starlink civilian satellite system, but not for offensive operations.
自2022年俄罗斯入侵以来，马斯克对乌克兰的立场已多次转变。
Musk has shifted stance on Ukraine several times since Russia’s invasion in 2022.
本周，基辅方面报告称其使用星链系统受到了限制。马斯克则表示，任何中断都是美国政府的责任，而非其SpaceX公司所致。
Kyiv reported restrictions on its use of the Starlink system this week. Musk said any disruption was the responsibility of the US government, not his SpaceX firm.
卡拉斯表示，欧洲防务署已经梳理出欧洲所缺乏且亟需具备的所有“关键能力”，并补充说，欧洲需要“尽快”填补这些空白。欧洲领导人同样强调了欧洲建设自身能力的紧迫性。
Kallas said the European Defence Agency had mapped all the “critical capabilities” that Europe was missing and needed to fulfil, adding Europe needed to fill these gaps “as soon as possible”. European leaders echoed the urgency for Europe to build its capacities.
拉脱维亚总理安德里斯·库尔伯格斯对记者说：“实际上，星链是乌克兰能够战斗或反击的关键。”
“Starlink is the key for Ukraine actually to fight or fight back,” Latvian Prime Minister Andris Kulbergs told reporters.
“我们需要时间来具备同样的能力。我们确实已经具备了一些，但还不够。因此，从战略角度来看，这是今天我们必须讨论的问题。”泽连斯基正在参加此次领导人会谈，会议议程包括乌克兰与欧洲自身的安全和防务议题。
“It takes time for us to have the same capabilities. We do have, but not enough. So this is strategically something we have to discuss today.”Zelensky was taking part in the leaders’ talks with Ukraine and Europe’s own security and defence on the agenda.
荷兰首相罗布·杰滕在谈到星链问题时表示，他曾于10月15日与法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙讨论过“作为欧洲人，我们如何在不久的将来提供更多此类服务”。
Also addressing the Starlink issue, Dutch Prime Minister Rob Jetten said he had discussed with French President Emmanuel Macron on Oct 15 “how we, as Europeans, can provide more of these kinds of services in the not too distant future”.
乌克兰官员称，10月14日该系统速度变慢，影响了连接，他们暗示华盛顿可能是导致某些星链互联网终端报告速度变慢的原因。
Speeds were slower on the system on Oct 14, affecting connectivity, according to Ukrainian officials, who have suggested Washington was behind slower speeds reported on some Starlink internet terminals.
英国国防大臣韦斯·斯特里特也表示，他在10月15日与美国同僚皮特·赫格塞思讨论了星链问题。
British defence minister Wes Streeting also said he discussed Starlink with his US counterpart Pete Hegseth on Oct 15.
他对BBC表示：“我们在英国目前尚不清楚到底发生了什么，为什么会出现服务中断。但我感到安心，赫格塞思部长也直接向我保证，服务已经恢复。”他当时是在10月16日接受采访时这样说的。
“It’s not yet clear to us in the UK what happened, why the service interruption occurred. But I am reassured, and was reassured directly by Secretary Hegseth, that the service has been restored,” he told the BBC on Oct 16.