美国海军已接收首架C-130J-30“大力神”飞机机身，该机型将改装为E-130J“凤凰II”，成为海军用于与核弹道导弹潜艇保持通信的新一代飞机。该飞机接下来将经历全面的任务系统集成，之后才能开始“指挥与机动”（TACAMO）任务的测试。
The U.S. Navy has taken delivery of the first C-130J-30 Hercules airframe destined to become an E-130J Phoenix II, the service’s next-generation aircraft for maintaining communications with its nuclear ballistic submarines. The aircraft will now undergo extensive mission-systems integration before it can begin testing for the Take Charge and Move Out (TACAMO) mission.
10月15日，洛克希德·马丁公司在佐治亚州玛丽埃塔市的工厂交付了这架新造飞机。此次交付标志着海军开始从老旧的E-6B“水星”机队向涡轮螺旋桨驱动的E-130J过渡。E-130J旨在为国家领导层与美军核弹道导弹潜艇之间提供可靠的通信链路，包括在潜艇水下时向其下达发射打击命令的能力。
Lockheed Martin handed over the newly built aircraft at its facility in Marietta, Georgia, on October 15. The delivery marks the start of the transition from the Navy’s aging E-6B Mercury fleet to the turboprop-powered E-130J, which is intended to provide a survivable communications link between national leadership and U.S. Navy nuclear ballistic missile submarines, including the ability to send them orders to launch strikes while they are submerged.
海军“空中战略指挥、控制与通信”项目办公室（PMA-271）的项目经理罗杰·戴维斯上尉在一份声明中表示：“今天从历史悠久的玛丽埃塔生产线交付的这架飞机，远不止是一架新的机身；它为我们未来的战略威慑体系奠定了基石。”
“Today’s delivery from the historic Marietta line represents far more than a new airframe; it marks the foundation of our future strategic deterrence posture,” Capt. Roger Davis, program manager for the Navy’s Airborne Strategic Command, Control, and Communications program office (PMA-271), said in a statement.
“通过与洛克希德·马丁公司以及行业团队的紧密合作，我们正在确保国家与弹道导弹潜艇舰队之间保持一条坚不可摧的通信生命线。”该飞机是海军于2024年9月首批采购的三架C-130J-30中的第一架。它将被移交至E-130J项目的主要承包商兼任务系统集成商——诺斯罗普·格鲁曼公司进行改装。柯林斯航空则负责提供极低频（VLF）通信系统，这是TACAMO任务的关键组成部分。
“Through our close partnership with Lockheed Martin and our industry team, we are ensuring our nation maintains an unshakeable communications lifeline to our ballistic missile submarine fleet.”The aircraft is the first of three C-130J-30s initially procured by the Navy in September 2024. It will be transferred to Northrop Grumman, the E-130J program’s prime contractor and mission-systems integrator, for conversion. Collins Aerospace is providing the very low frequency (VLF) communications system, a key component of the TACAMO mission.
TACAMO飞机为总统、国防部长以及美国战略司令部与核力量（包括潜入海底的核潜艇）保持通信联络提供了重要手段。该任务旨在确保即便常规通信基础设施遭到破坏或瘫痪，仍能顺利传递紧急行动指令。
TACAMO aircraft provide a means for the president, secretary of defense, and U.S. Strategic Command to communicate with nuclear forces, including submarines submerged at sea. The mission is designed to preserve the ability to transmit emergency action messages even if conventional communications infrastructure is disrupted or destroyed.
E-6B飞机通过一根长长的拖曳式天线来实现这一功能，该天线可支持向海底潜艇发送极低频无线电信号。在后续改装过程中，E-130J飞机也将配备类似的系统。
The E-6B accomplishes this in part through a long, trailing wire antenna that enables VLF transmissions to submerged submarines. The E-130J will receive a comparable system as part of its conversion.
抵御核弹头爆炸时产生的电磁脉冲影响，也是这些飞机必须满足的关键技术要求之一。
Hardening against the effects of electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which occurs during the detonation of nuclear warheads, is another key requirement for these planes.
美国海军计划采购31架E-130J飞机，这一数量几乎是目前服役的16架E-6B飞机的两倍。采购计划中包含6架试验型飞机与25架量产型飞机，不过目前尚不清楚最终有多少试验型飞机能投入实战使用。
The Navy plans to acquire 31 E-130Js, nearly doubling the 16 E-6Bs currently in service. That total includes six developmental aircraft and 25 production examples, although it remains unclear how many of the developmental aircraft will ultimately be available for operational use.
规模更大的机队将有助于满足训练、维护及日常作战需求。不过这一过渡过程也面临诸多技术难题。美国政府问责局此前曾警告称，将专用任务设备安装到体积较小的C-130J-30机体上，可能会影响飞机的战备状态，还会带来额外的工程与制造方面的困难。
The larger planned fleet should provide additional aircraft to support training, maintenance, and operational demands. However, the transition also brings technical challenges. The Government Accountability Office has previously warned that integrating the specialized mission equipment into the smaller C-130J-30 airframe could affect operational availability and create additional engineering and manufacturing difficulties.
此前已有相关讨论涉及选用基于C-130平台的机型来取代E-6B执行TACAMO任务时可能产生的战备水平变化及其他利弊因素。正如我们此前所述：E-130J飞机的投入使用也意味着美国海军的TACAMO任务再次回归“大力神”系列飞机。在1963年至1993年间，EC-130Q飞机承担了这一任务，之后才由E-6A“水星”飞机接替。随后E-6B又新增了名为“瞭望镜”的空中指挥任务，从而在潜艇通信之外进一步为美国战略力量提供支援。
In the past, has discussed the potential operational readiness and other trade-offs that could come from selecting a C-130-based platform to replace the E-6B in the TACAMO role. As we wrote previously: The E-130J also represents a return to the Hercules family for the Navy’s TACAMO mission. The EC-130Q performed the role from 1963 to 1993, before the E-6A Mercury took over. The E-6B subsequently added an airborne command post mission known as Looking Glass, supporting U.S. strategic forces beyond the submarine communications role.
目前，海军的计划是由E-130J接替TACAMO任务，而空军也在另行开展工作，以取代“瞭望镜”空中指挥平台的相关功能。
The Navy’s current plan is for the E-130J to assume the TACAMO mission, while the Air Force pursues a separate effort to replace the Looking Glass airborne command post capability.
首批交付的E-130J飞机随后将进行任务系统改装、地面测试以及研发阶段的飞行测试。目前该机型尚不具备执行TACAMO任务的能力，海军在正式列装这支新机队之前还需完成进一步的系统整合与测试工作。
Following its delivery, the first E-130J airframe will enter mission-systems modification, ground testing, and developmental flight testing. The aircraft is not yet an operational TACAMO platform, and further integration and testing will be required before the Navy can begin fielding the new fleet.
随着E-6B机队日益难以维持正常运作，此次机型更替旨在确保美国核指挥、控制与通信体系中这一至关重要的环节得以延续。
The transition is intended to preserve one of the most critical links in the U.S. nuclear command, control, and communications architecture as the E-6B fleet becomes increasingly difficult to sustain. The post First C-130J For Navy’s New E-130J Phoenix II Ballistic Submarine Communications Fleet Delivered