在驾车穿越西伯利亚伊尔库茨克地区时，36 岁的达里亚·蒂尤尔内娃看到树上有什么看起来像棕色的斑点，便靠边停车，想近距离看个清楚。她并没有料到会发现一只熊幼崽，坐在树枝上，离地面几米高。
Seeing what looked like a brown blob in a tree while driving through Siberia’s Irkutsk region, 36-year-old Daria Tyurneva pulled over, curious to get a better look. She was not expecting to find a bear cub, perched on a branch, several metres up.
“我们停了下来，没有熄火也没有挂空挡，因为我们知道母熊可能就在附近某处，”蒂尤尔内娃说，并展示了她用手机录下的熊的视频。
“We stopped, without turning off the engine or taking off the gear, because we knew the mother could be somewhere nearby,” Tyurneva said, showing a phone video she recorded of the bear.
她的目击事件是近几周来吓到俄罗斯人的几起事件之一，因为该国正面临一系列致命熊袭击。
Her sighting was one of several to spook Russians in recent weeks, as the country grapples with a spate of deadly bear attacks.
俄罗斯是世界上棕熊数量最多的国家。专家表示，随着栖息地丧失和气候变化迫使熊类寻找人类居住地附近的食物，人熊互动变得越来越常见。
Russia is home to the world’s largest population of brown bears. Experts say interactions with bears are becoming more common, as habitat loss and climate change force the animals to find food where humans live.
根据俄罗斯自然资源部的估计，自 1990 年以来，熊的数量已经超过翻了一番，从大约 13 万增加到 2026 年的近 30.8 万。
Their numbers have more than doubled since 1990, from around 130,000 to almost 308,000 in 2026, according to an estimate from Russia’s natural resources ministry.
尽管根据该部门的数据，俄罗斯全国范围内熊袭击事件的数量一直保持在每年大约 20 到 30 起，但最近的一系列袭击事件引发了警觉。
While the number of bear attacks across Russia has remained constant at around 20 to 30 a year, according to the ministry, a series of recent maulings has caused alarm.
根据俄罗斯国家媒体的报道，今年已有至少 26 人死于熊袭击，其中七起发生在西伯利亚广阔的克拉斯诺达尔地区。
At least 26 people have been killed in bear attacks this year, seven of which were in Siberia’s vast Krasnodar region, according to Russian state media.
九月份，有报道称一只熊把一名 66 岁的妇女从窗户拖走后将其杀死；一周后，一名 39 岁的伐木工人在森林里看守机械时被熊杀死。
In September, a bear was reported to have killed a 66-year-old woman after dragging her from her window, while a week later, a 39-year-old logger was killed guarding machinery in a forest.
上个月，西伯利亚的一个城镇报告称，它正“被毛茸茸的动物围困”。根据俄罗斯政府的说法，在绝大多数与人类的遭遇中，熊会逃跑。
A Siberian town reported last month that it was “under siege” from the furry animals. Bears flee in the vast majority of encounters with humans, according to the Russian government.
据国有塔斯社报道，今年致命熊袭击的死亡人数尚未达到 1996 年左右的约 80 人的纪录。
The number of deadly attacks this year has not yet reached the record of around 80 deaths, last seen in 1996, according to the state-owned TASS news agency.
贝加尔湖国家公园的护林员米哈伊尔·斯特列尔科夫表示，今年出现了异常多的熊目击事件。
This year has seen abnormally large bear sightings, said Mikhail Strelkov, a ranger in the Lake Baikal national park.
“我们以前从未遇到过这种情况，”他说，指的是熊最近闯入城镇地区的事件。
“We’ve never had this,” he said of the recent incursions of bears into urban areas.
“森林里没有松子，这是熊的主要食物来源，熊靠它在冬眠前增肥。”他补充道。
“There is no pine nut in the forest, the main food source that the bear eats and uses to fatten before hibernation,” he added.
他展示了团队拍摄的视频，视频中熊在贝加尔湖边嬉戏，其中一只熊在听到船只靠近的声音后迅速逃开。
He showed videos his team had recorded of bears frolicking at the edge of Lake Baikal, one of which scampered away upon hearing their boat approach.
来自俄罗斯远东的钓鱼者弗拉基米尔·奥杜洛在十月告诉《共青团真理报》，一只母熊在河岸边冲向了他。
Vladimir Odulo, an angler from Russia’s far east, told the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper in October how a female bear rushed at him on the banks of a river.
“信不信由你，我甚至来不及害怕。我开始用鱼竿和它搏斗，”他说。他说，经过一场导致他全身受伤的搏斗后，他才逃脱。
“Believe it or not, I didn’t even have time to get scared. I started fighting it off with my fishing rod,” he said. He said he escaped after a fight that left him with injuries across his body.
当局在一些市镇实施了宵禁，并组织了猎人小队，但一些环保活动人士表示，政府可能高估了熊的数量。
Authorities have introduced curfews in some municipalities and formed bands of hunters but some environmental activists say the government may be overestimating the bear population.
截至2026年，官员们已经捕杀了超过“3400只危险熊”，塔斯社此前在十月报道过这一数据。
So far, in 2026, officials have culled more than “3,400 dangerous bears”, TASS reported earlier in October.
俄罗斯游客阿拉表示，在看到警示熊的标志后，她在贝加尔湖附近的一条徒步小径入口处折返回去。
Russian tourist Alla said she turned back at the entrance to a hiking trail near Lake Baikal after seeing a sign warning of bears.
“也许我以后还会来看看。也许是在夏天，也许是在冬天，当它们冬眠的时候，”她说。其他游客则不以为意。
“Maybe I will come again to see. Maybe in summer, maybe in winter, when they’re hibernating,” she said. Other tourists were unfazed.
“我不怕熊，”39岁的中国游客尼克说，他也只透露了一个名字。棕熊的食谱很广，多达90%可以是水果和植物。
“I’m not afraid of bears,” said 39-year-old Chinese tourist Nick, who also only gave one name. Brown bears eat a mixed diet that can include up to 90 per cent fruit and vegetation.
俄罗斯应急部表示，避免熊遇险的最佳方式是制造大声响，而在极少数熊开始进攻的情况下，“应选择放弃”。
Russia’s emergencies ministry says the best way to avoid bear encounters is to make loud noises and that in the rare event a bear starts to attack, “to give up”.
“当熊感觉到威胁被消除时，它通常会停止攻击。应尽可能长时间保持不动，”该部门表示。
“It’s common for a bear to stop attacking when it feels the threat has been eliminated. Remain motionless for as long as possible,” it said.
“如果你移动且熊看到或听到你，它可能会回来并重新发动攻击。在极少数情况下，进攻的熊可能会把人误认为食物。”
“If you move and the bear sees or hears you, it may return and resume the attack. In rare cases, an attacking bear may mistake a person for food.”