巴黎的抗议者在周六早上被警棍击打并遭到催泪瓦斯喷射，就在法国生活成本抗议示威之前。
Protesters in Paris were hit with batons and tear gas on Saturday morning before demonstrations against the cost of living in France.
预计将有数十万来自“黄背心”运动和工会的抗议者加入学生示威，形成针对政府的不满汇聚。
Hundreds of thousands of protesters from the Yellow Vest movement and trade unions are expected to join student demonstrations in a convergence of grievances against the state.
上个月开始的学生起义最初是针对巴黎郊区教师短缺和高中校舍破败的问题，如今已发展成为一场更广泛的愤怒与不安运动，预计将有4万人走上法国首都的街头，全国范围内将有15万人参与。
What began last month as a student uprising against teacher shortages and crumbling high schools in the Paris suburbs, has grown into a broader movement of anger and malaise that is expected to draw 40,000 people to the streets of the French capital, and 150,000 across the country.
周六，抗议者在巴黎北站附近与防暴警察对峙；一名戴面具的抗议者在巴黎共和国广场的催泪瓦斯烟雾中掷出物品。抗议活动时有演变为暴力冲突，并引发人权组织的批评，指控警察使用了过度武力。
Protesters face off with riot police near the Gare du Nord train station in Paris on Saturday A masked protester throws an object through tear gas smoke at Place de la République in Paris The protests have at times turned into violent clashes, and prompted criticism from rights groups that the police have used disproportionate force.
这一天的动荡很可能成为明年选举前社会气候的关键指标，届时将选举产生继任埃马纽埃尔·马克龙的法国总统。
This day of unrest is likely to be a key indicator of the social climate heading into next year’s elections to replace Emmanuel Macron, the French president.
巴黎的主要示威原定于下午2点在共和国广场开始，但冲突在此前就已被报道。
The main Paris demonstration was to kick off at 2pm at the Place de la République, but clashes were reported beforehand.
到上午9点30分，警方已在首都逮捕了40人，原因是他们携带了禁止的防护装备和武器，此次游行原定在几小时后开始。
By 9.30am, police had already arrested 40 people in the capital for carrying prohibited protective gear and weapons, hours before the march was due to take place.
周六，抗议者在马赛与警察冲突时站在火堆后面；大约上午10点在里昂，混乱局面提前爆发，警方发射催泪瓦斯以驱散约300名年轻人。普罗旺斯报《La Provence》拍摄的视频画面显示，骚乱分子正在袭击马赛的一个市政警察局。
Protesters stand behind a fire during clashes with police in Marseille on Saturday At around 10am in Lyon, chaos broke out early with police firing tear gas to disperse a crowd of 300 young people. Video footage captured by La Provence newspaper shows rioters attacking a municipal police station in Marseille.
学生们将得到“黄背心”运动抗议者的加入，该运动始于2018年，起初是工人阶级反对柴油税和生活成本上升的 revolt；同时，代表护士、教师、农民和出租车司机的工会也将参与其中。
The students will be joined by protesters from the Yellow Vest movement, which began in 2018 as a revolt among the working class against diesel taxes and the rising cost of living, as well as unions representing nurses, teachers, farmers and taxi drivers.
“10月17日，让我们汇聚我们的抗议、我们的诉求和我们的团结。”17octobregiletjaune.net网站上的宣言这样写道，该网站由黄背心运动运营。
“On October 17, let us converge our protests, our demands and our solidarity,” reads a manifesto from17octobregiletjaune.net, a website run by the Yellow Vests.
“黄背心、Z世代、愤怒者、农民、消防员、工人、教师、医护人员、气候活动家、社区居民和退休人员：10月17日星期六，在各地，我们的斗争将得到组织，我们的诉求将被表达，我们的团结将被建立。我们忍无可忍了！”法国防暴警察在马赛生活成本抗议活动之前拘留了一名抗议者。示威者攀爬巴黎共和国广场中央纪念碑以展示横幅和旗帜。
周五，内政部长洛朗·纽内兹撤回了他本月初发布的对震爆弹的禁令，此举是在一名15岁少年因被该弹夹伤而失去一只手之后作出的，引发了公众愤怒和对警察暴行的指控。
“Yellow Vests, Gen Z, the Indignados, farmers, firefighters, workers, teachers, healthcare workers, climate activists, neighborhood residents, and retirees: on Saturday, October 17, everywhere, our struggles will be organised, our demands will be voiced, and our solidarity will be built. We’re fed up!”French riot police detain a protester before cost of living protests in Marseille Demonstrators scale the central Monument à la République to display banners and flags in Paris On Friday, Laurent Nuñez, the interior minister, walked back his suspension of stun grenades which he issued at the beginning of the month after a 15-year-old lost his hand to one of the projectiles, provoking public anger and allegations of police brutality.
在另一起事件中，一名14岁少年在警察近距离向其脸部发射催泪瓦斯弹后失去了几颗牙齿。该警察已被起诉。
In a separate incident, a 14-year-old lost several teeth after a police officer fired a tear-gas grenade in his face at close range. The officer has been charged.
但在抗议活动前夕，纽内兹宣布他将重新授权在周六对抗议者使用这些武器，称警察“必须能够使用其所配备的所有中等武器”，特别是在“严重和激烈的冲突”中。法国是欧盟唯一一个在执法行动中授权使用爆炸弹药的国家。
But on the eve of the protests, Mr Nuñez announced that he’d reauthorised the use of the weapons against protesters on Saturday, saying that police “must be able to use all the intermediate weapons at their disposal” particularly in “serious and heavy clashes”. France is the only country in the EU that authorises the use of explosive ammunitions in law enforcement operations.
一名戴面具的抗议者在巴黎试图向防暴警察踢出一个催泪瓦斯罐。一位老年妇女在巴黎共和国广场附近的抗议活动中被催泪瓦斯烟雾卷入。周五，马克龙总统在周六抗议活动之前呼吁“冷静和尊重”，并表示支持“正面临极端暴力的执法人员”。
A masked protester attempts to kick a tear gas canister at riot police in Paris An elderly woman is caught up in tear gas smoke amid a protest near Place de la République in Paris On Friday, Mr Macron called for “calm and respect” before Saturday’s protests and expressed support for “law enforcement officers who are facing extreme violence”.
反对派领袖乔丹·巴尔德拉，其极右翼民族联盟在明年总统大选前的民意调查中领先，指责极左翼领袖让-吕克·梅朗雄在煽动学生抗议活动，并警告将出现“混乱”。
Jordan Bardella, the opposition chief whose far-Right National Rally leads in the polls before next year’s presidential election, accused Jean-Luc Mélenchon, the leader of the far-Left, of politicising the student protests and warned of “chaos”.
“这是所有极左翼分裂团体的借口，他们将聚集在让-吕克·梅朗雄身后，围拢法国每一位工会活动人士、暴力分裂团体和反警察民兵，”巴尔德拉在巴黎车展侧边活动中表示。
“It’s a pretext for all the far-Left splinter groups, who will rally behind Jean-Luc Mélenchon and gather around every union activist, violent splinter group, and anti-police militia in France,” Mr Bardella said on the sidelines of the Paris Motor Show.
梅朗雄呼吁执法部门不要使用可能致残抗议者的武器，也不要驾车、骑摩托车或骑马冲向人群。
Mr Mélenchon called on law enforcement to refrain from using weapons that maim protesters or from charging at crowds in cars or on motorbikes and horseback.
上午中段，巴黎各地抗议者与警方之间的紧张对峙局势有可能失控升级。警方拒绝组织者的会面请求，以便在市中心游行，关于授权抗议路线和集合地点的信息相互矛盾，也导致了混乱。
By mid-morning, tense stand-offs between protesters and police throughout Paris threatened to boil over. Conflicting information about authorised protest routes and meeting places also caused confusion, after police denied organisers’ requests to meet to march through the city centre.
此外，尚未提及的地区也禁止集会，包括香榭丽舍大街、巴士底狱、歌剧院、国民议会和爱丽舍宫附近等地，违者最高可处以135欧元罚款。
Gatherings have also been banned on the Champs-Élysées, Bastille, Opéra, and in the vicinity of the National Assembly and the Élysée palace among others, punishable by a fine of up to €135.
尽管有禁令，受影响地区的商家仍因担心未经授权的骚乱而纷纷封闭店面。
Despite the ban, businesses in the affected areas have been boarding up their shopfronts amid fears of unauthorised unrest.