曼谷/仰光 -- 东亚和东南亚地区甲基苯丙胺的查获量激增，原因是缅甸生产的廉价毒品大量涌入。
BANGKOK/YANGON -- Seizures of methamphetamine have spiked across East and Southeast Asia, fueled by an influx of cheap drugs made in Myanmar.
泰国已成为该毒品的最大市场。朱拉隆功大学研究员萨亚莫尔·查伦拉塔纳表示，毒品不仅在网上易于获取，而且价格也变得异常低廉。
Thailand has become the biggest market for the drug. Drugs are not only easily accessible online, but have also become remarkably cheap, according to Sayamol Charoenratana, a researcher at Chulalongkorn University.
萨亚莫尔称，过去十年甲基苯丙胺片剂的价格暴跌，降至每片30泰铢（约合0.89美元），大约是之前水平的五分之一。
Prices of methamphetamine tablets have plunged over the past 10 years, dropping to 30 baht (89 cents) per tablet, or roughly one-fifth of the previous level, said Sayamol.
5月中旬，一列货运列车在曼谷市中心与一辆公交车相撞，造成至少八人死亡。列车司机在提供尿样后检测出甲基苯丙胺呈阳性。
In mid-May, a freight train collided with a bus in central Bangkok, killing at least eight. The train operator tested positive for meth after providing a urine sample.
根据联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室（UNODC）的数据，东亚和东南亚地区的甲基苯丙胺查获量在2025年达到创纪录的349公吨，较2024年增长48%，是十年前的五倍多。
Meth seizures in East Asia and Southeast Asia reached a record high of 349 metric tons in 2025, according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) -- up 48% from 2024 and more than five times the decade-earlier figure.
截至2024年，这两个地区合计占全球按重量计的查获量的近一半。
As of 2024, the two regions together accounted for nearly half of global seizures by weight.
泰国在2025年查获量增加了23%。马来西亚的查获量几乎增长了四倍，菲律宾几乎增长了三倍，印度尼西亚增长了大约80%。
Thailand logged a 23% increase in 2025. Seizures nearly quadrupled in Malaysia, almost tripled in the Philippines and rose roughly 80% in Indonesia.
横跨缅甸、泰国和老挝边境的金三角地区长期以来一直是世界上最大的鸦片和海洛因来源之一。自20世纪90年代以来，该地区的毒品卡特尔已转向生产甲基苯丙胺，这种毒品可以在实验室中大规模生产。
The Golden Triangle straddling the borders of Myanmar, Thailand and Laos has long been one of the world's biggest sources of opium and heroin. Since the 1990s, drug cartels in the region have shifted to meth, which can be mass-produced in labs.
近年来，随着缅甸军方在2021年夺取政权后导致的政治不稳定，这一贸易的扩张速度加快。
The expansion of this trade has been accelerated in recent years by the political instability in Myanmar following the military's 2021 takeover of the government.
自2023年10月左右起，当缅甸的民族武装团体扩大其控制区域时，甲基苯丙胺成为购买武器的现金来源。执法机构阻止此类活动的能力受到这些团体与缅甸军队之间冲突的阻碍。
Since around October 2023, when Myanmar's ethnic armed groups expanded their areas of control, meth has become a source of cash for buying weapons. Law enforcement agencies' ability to stop such activity has been hampered by fighting between the groups and Myanmar's military.
有组织诈骗团伙在东南亚蔓延的关联也正逐渐浮出水面。联合国毒品和犯罪问题办公室（UNODC）称，今年1月在缅甸掸邦进行的一次大规模突击行动中，在一处甲基苯丙胺生产设施附近发现了一起在线诈骗行动。
Links to organized scam gangs that have proliferated across Southeast Asia are also coming to light. According to UNODC, an online fraud operation was discovered near a meth production facility during a major raid conducted in Myanmar's Shan state this January.
5月，一列货运列车在曼谷撞上一辆公交车，造成至少8人死亡。列车司机事后检测出甲基苯丙胺呈阳性。
A freight train struck a bus in Bangkok in May, killing at least 8 people. The train driver later tested positive for methamphetamine.
甲基苯丙胺供应链遍及亚洲。中国和印度是用于生产甲基苯丙胺的前体化学品的主要供应国。中国尤其占据着向缅甸供应网络的关键位置，途经云南省西部瑞丽的路线被认为是主要走廊之一。
The meth supply chain spans Asia. China and India are major suppliers of precursor chemicals used in production. China, in particular, occupies a key position in the supply network to Myanmar, with routes passing through western Yunnan province's Ruili believed to be a major corridor.
尽管中国政府已加强对前体化学品的出口管控，但许多前体化学品可以被兼具合法工业用途的双用途物质替代，使犯罪组织仍能继续获取这些物质。
Although the Chinese government has tightened export controls on precursor chemicals, many can be replaced by dual-use substances that also have legitimate industrial applications, enabling criminal organizations to continue obtaining them.
向富裕国家的走私也在增加，重点是纯度高于东南亚地区所售甲基苯丙胺的产品。
Smuggling to rich nations is also increasing, with a focus on meth of higher purity than what is sold in Southeast Asia.
日本财务省称，7月，日本西南部福冈机场当局在一名泰国女性的行李中发现约900克晶体甲基苯丙胺。2025年，日本通过航空乘客走私兴奋剂的案件达73起，较去年增加22%，而查获数量上升93%至664公斤。
In July, authorities at Fukuoka Airport in southwestern Japan found about 900 grams of crystalline methamphetamine in a Thai woman's luggage. Japan saw 73 cases of stimulant smuggling by air passengers in 2025, up 22% from the year before, while the quantity seized rose 93% to 664 kilograms, according to the Ministry of Finance.
清迈大学讲师阿皮努·阿兰拉塔纳表示，高纯度晶体甲基苯丙胺是日本和韩国的主导毒品形式，且在这些地区以高价交易。他表示，走私和非法生产在未来可能会进一步增加。
High-purity crystal meth is the dominant form of the drug in Japan and South Korea, where it is traded at high prices, said Apinun Aramrattana, a lecturer at Chiang Mai University. Smuggling and illegal production are likely to increase further in the future, Apinun said.
在8月初发布的联合声明中，缅甸总统敏昂莱和泰国总理阿努廷·查纳维拉库表示，他们“重申了加强合作以防范和打击毒品及相关前体化学品的承诺”。合成阿片类药物芬太尼正推动美国的药物滥用危机，特朗普政府以中国 allegedly 在提供前体化学品中的作用为由对其实施制裁。
In a joint statement issued in early August, Myanmar President Min Aung Hlaing and Thai Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul said they "reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening cooperation on prevention and suppression of narcotic drugs and related precursor chemicals." The synthetic opioid fentanyl is driving a U.S. drug abuse crisis, with President Donald Trump's administration slapping sanctions on China in response to its alleged role in supplying precursors.
甲基苯丙胺尚未发展成为与芬太尼同等规模的问题，但走私网络正在跨境蔓延，朱拉隆功大学的萨亚莫尔如是说。
Meth has not yet developed into a problem on the same scale as fentanyl, but trafficking networks are spreading across borders, Chulalongkorn University's Sayamol said.
如果走私继续扩大，它可能演变成一个更大的国际问题，萨亚莫尔说。
If smuggling continues to expand, it could become a much larger international issue, Sayamol said.