埃及议会将于周日召开会议，此前总统阿卜杜勒·法塔赫·塞西要求召开紧急会议，以批准向沙特阿拉伯提供防御性军事援助，以防利雅得在其与也门胡塞武装的战争中请求支援。
Egypt’s parliament is convening on Sunday after President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi requested an emergency session to approve defensive military aid to Saudi Arabia, if Riyadh asks for support in its war with Yemen’s Houthis.
此请求是在伊朗支持的武装组织继续对沙特阿拉伯发动袭击之际提出的，包括对首都利雅得、其机场和石油设施的袭击。
The request comes as the Iran-backed armed group continues attacks on Saudi Arabia, including the capital, Riyadh, and its airports and oil facilities.
塞西在周六的讲话中宣布，埃及将“采取一切措施保护”沙特阿拉伯，但表示他“希望”议会能授权他继续推进。
El-Sisi declared that Egypt will “carry out any measure to protect” Saudi Arabia, in a speech on Saturday, but said that he “hopes” the parliament will give him authorisation to proceed.
周日，埃及表示将向沙特阿拉伯提供“所有必要且可能的支持，以捍卫其安全与稳定”。由塞西总统主持的国家防御委员会表示，它“完全站在”沙特阿拉伯一边，以捍卫其资源、领土完整和伊斯兰圣地。
On Sunday, Egypt said it would provide “all necessary and possible support to Saudi Arabia to defend its safety and stability”. The National Defence Council, chaired by President el-Sisi, said it “stands fully with” Saudi Arabia to defend its resources, territorial integrity and Islamic holy sites.
但埃及的援助将具体是什么样子？它在对抗胡塞武装的战争中有什么能力来“保护”沙特阿拉伯？以下是我们目前了解的情况。塞西决定向沙特阿拉伯提供援助背后的原因是什么？
But what would Egyptian assistance look like? And what capacity does it have to “protect” Saudi Arabia in its war with the Houthis? Here is what we know. What’s behind el-Sisi’s decision to offer help to Saudi Arabia?
沙特阿拉伯长期以来一直是埃及的战略和经济伙伴，塞西上月在一份声明中表示，沙特的安全是“关系到”埃及安全的。
Saudi Arabia has long been a strategic and economic partner of Egypt, and el-Sisi said in a statement last month that Saudi security is “integral” to Egypt’s security.
政治分析家和海湾问题专家托马斯·邦尼·詹姆斯对半岛电视台表示，胡塞武装对王国的安全威胁是导致这一决定的“汇聚”压力之一。另一个因素是经济。
Political analyst and Gulf studies expert Thomas Bonnie James told Al Jazeera that the Houthi security threat to the kingdom is one of the “converging” pressures that have led to this decision. The other one, is economics.
他说：“胡塞武装对[巴布]曼德布海峡的威胁危及苏伊士运河，埃及外交部长表示，自2023年袭击开始以来，该运河已损失约110亿美元。”他指的是胡塞武装对经过该狭窄海峡、与以色列相关联的船只发动的袭击，这些袭击是出于对加沙的声援而进行的。
“Houthi pressure on [Bab] al-Mandeb threatens the Suez Canal which Egypt’s foreign minister says has lost about $11bn since the attacks began in 2023,” he said, referring to Houthi attacks on Israeli-linked ships passing through the narrow strait, carried out in solidarity with Gaza.
詹姆斯指出，该决定对开罗也很重要，因为“数百万埃及人生活和工作在沙特阿拉伯，而沙特阿拉伯是埃及最大的单一汇款来源。一名埃及居民在对利雅得机场的袭击中被杀害，其他人受伤。”他还表示，埃及不愿被视为“在其他人捍卫王国时袖手旁观”的地区盟友，因为土耳其和巴基斯坦在激活8月签署的麦加防御协议后各自作出了承诺，而中东安全局势正在恶化。也门战争的最新进展是什么？
James suggested that the decision is also important to Cairo, because “millions of Egyptians live and work in Saudi Arabia, which is Egypt’s largest single source of remittances. An Egyptian resident was killed, and others were injured in the attacks on Riyadh’s airport.”He also said that Egypt does not want to be seen as the regional ally that “stood aside while others defended the kingdom,” as Turkiye and Pakistan have made their own pledges after activating Mecca defence pact signed in August amid the deteriorating security situation in the Middle East. What’s the latest on the Yemen war?
也门的敌对行动仍在升级。周日，沙特领导的联盟对也门西南部的荷台达发动了两次空袭。
Hostilities in Yemen continue to escalate. Two air raids by the Saudi-led coalition hit Hodeidah in the southwest on Sunday.
沙特部队还在利雅得和东部省份附近拦截了无人机。自国际公认政府与胡塞武装（也称为安萨尔·阿拉，意为“上帝的支持者”）之间的冲突爆发以来，首都哈立德国际机场至少遭到20次袭击。
Saudi forces also intercepted drones near Riyadh and Eastern provinces. The capital’s King Khalid international airport has come under attack at least 20 times since fighting flared between the internationally recognised government and the Houthis, also known as Ansar Allah – Arabic for “Supporters of God”.
沙特支持的部队正在多条前线与胡塞武装作战，包括泰兹和马里布，一些分析人士认为，胡塞武装在夏季取得进展后力量已经分散。但詹姆斯告诉半岛电视台：“彻底击败他们是一项艰巨的任务。”
The Saudi-backed forces are fighting the Houthis on several fronts, including Taiz and Marib, and some analysts argue the Houthis are stretched thin after their summer gains. But James told Al Jazeera “that defeating them outright is a tall order”.
“依靠空中力量支援的地面部队可以夺回海岸线；但阻止从山区发射的导弹要困难得多，”他说。埃及议会何时召开？
“Ground forces backed by air power can retake the coastline; stopping missiles launched from the mountains is much harder,” he said. When will the Egyptian parliament convene?
他们将在当地时间周日下午1点（格林尼治标准时间上午10点）召开。
They will be convening on Sunday at 1pm local time (10am GMT).
根据埃及法律，总统未经议会批准，不能宣战或派军执行海外任务。要获得授权，众议院至少三分之二的议员必须赞成该提案。埃及是否与沙特阿拉伯有安全合作？
Under the Egyptian law, the President cannot declare war or send the military on foreign missions without the approval from the parliament. For the authorisation to be granted, at least two-thirds of the politicians in the House of Representatives must vote in favour of the proposal. Does Egypt have security cooperation with Saudi Arabia?
不完全如此。埃及和沙特阿拉伯尚未签署正式的双边或多边防务合作协议。但开罗与利雅得有着悠久的合作历史。
Not exactly. Egypt and Saudi Arabia have not signed a formal bilateral or multilateral pact on defence cooperation. But Cairo has a long history of cooperation with Riyadh.
埃及是多国海上防御联盟的创始成员国，该联盟由沙特阿拉伯于7月启动。其目标是保护红海和巴布-曼德布海峡的航运安全——这两处位于也门海岸线上。胡塞武装上个月曾夺取巴布-曼德布附近的城镇和城市，但国际公认的也门政府此后已从伊朗支持的胡塞武装手中夺回了部分地区的控制权。埃及还在2024年参加了与沙特阿拉伯的联合军事演习。
Egypt is a founding member of the Multinational Maritime Defense Coalition, which Saudi Arabia launched in July. It aims to protect shipping in the Red Sea and Bab al-Mandeb – territories on Yemen’s coastline. Houthis captured towns and cities near Bab al-Mandeb last month, but the internationally recognised government has since wrested control of some of the areas from the Iran-backed group. Egypt also participated in joint military exercises with Saudi Arabia in 2024.
开罗也是在2015年胡塞武装夺取也门北部和西部大片地区（包括2024年9月的首都萨那）之后，匆忙组建的联盟的一部分。埃及向该联盟提供了海军和空军力量，以帮助在红海确保航道安全，抵御胡塞武装的威胁。
Cairo was also part of a 2015 coalition cobled together after the Houthi group captured large areas of north and western Yemen, including the capital Sanaa in September 2024. Egypt contributed naval and air forces to help secure maritime corridors in the Red Sea against the Houthis.
但海湾问题专家詹姆斯告诉半岛电视台，塞西所提出的方案与埃及最近加入的海上防御联盟不同。
But James, the Gulf studies expert, told Al Jazeera that what el-Sisi is proposing is different from the maritime defence coalition Egypt recently joined.
“他希望获得授权，派遣埃及军队协助防御沙特阿拉伯的领土本身，”他说。“这将使埃及从多边海上框架转向双边军事承诺。”埃及对沙特阿拉伯的援助将是什么性质？
“He is hoping for authorisation to deploy Egyptian forces to help defend Saudi territory itself,” he said. “It would move Egypt from a multilateral maritime framework to a bilateral military commitment.”What will be the nature of Egyptian assistance to Saudi Arabia?
塞西明确表示，他仅提出“防御”，并且他“不是在说我们要打击任何人或攻击任何人”。
El-Sisi explicitly said that he is only proposing “defence” and that he isn’t “speaking in order for us to fight anyone or attack anyone”.
军事防御分析师亚历山德鲁·胡迪斯蒂努表示，如果获批该决定，使用反无人机和反导弹支持的可能性很高。
Military Defence Analyst Alexandru Hudisteanu said that the use of counter-drones and anti-missile support is a high probability if the decision is authorised.
“此时确保沙特阿拉伯的防御得到支撑和加强是最紧迫的需求，”他对半岛电视台说。同时，他补充称，该请求本身也是一种战略性的威慑举措。
“It would be the most urgent need at this point to make sure that the defence of Saudi Arabia is backed up and reinforced,” he told Al Jazeera. Simultaneously, he added that the request itself is also a strategic move of deterrence.
“我们知道沙特阿拉伯拥有世界上最具战斗力的军队之一，无论是在能力还是作战能力方面。这是沙特阿拉伯在任何时刻都需要覆盖的领土问题，”胡迪斯特亚努说。
“We know Saudi Arabia has one of the most prolific militaries out there in terms of capacities and capabilities. It’s a matter of the territory which Saudi Arabia needs to cover at any given moment,” Hudisteanu said.
詹姆斯表示，埃及的任何贡献都将集中在保护沙特领土上，包括“在关键基础设施周围进行空中和导弹防御、拦截无人机、海军护航以及情报共享”。詹姆斯表示，埃及向也门前线派遣部队的可能性很低。
James said that any contribution by Egypt would focus on the protection of Saudi territory, using “air and missile defence around critical infrastructure, intercepting drones, naval escort and intelligence sharing”. James said that it is unlikely Egypt will deploy troops to Yemen’s front lines.
在20世纪60年代，前埃及总统加迈勒·阿卜杜勒·纳赛尔在也门内战期间派遣了数万名部队。沙特阿拉伯支持对立派别。埃及遭受了重大伤亡，沙特-埃及关系因此紧张。
In the 1960s, former Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser deployed tens of thousands of troops in the Yemen Civil War. Saudi Arabia backed the rival side. Egypt suffered heavy casualties and Saudi-Egyptian ties were strained.
“埃及不想做的事情是向也门派遣部队。纳赛尔在20世纪60年代的干预传递了一个明确的信息：捍卫王国，不要接管也门，”他对半岛电视台说。
“What Egypt will not want is to send troops into Yemen. Nasser’s intervention there in the 1960s sends a clear message: defend the kingdom, don’t take ownership of Yemen,” he told Al Jazeera.