渔民们展示他们捕获的金枪鱼。较大的船只在捕到一条鱼之前,填满油箱的花费就可能高达5万美元。康纳(Connor)负责白宫和美国政治的报道。他常驻华盛顿,曾打破一系列世界独家新闻,并报道了唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)政府的决定性时刻。英国夏令时上午8:00《每日电讯报》正在美国各地旅行,作为一篇篇报道系列的一部分,该系列审视了可能塑造唐纳德·特朗普在美国中期选举中命运的议题。
Fishermen show off their haul of tuna. Bigger vessels can spend as much as $50,000 filling their tanks before a single fish is caught Connor leads coverage of the White House and US politics. Based in Washington, he has broken a series of world exclusives and covered the defining moments of Donald Trump’s administration 8:00am BST The Telegraph is travelling across the US as part of a dispatch series examining the issues that could shape Donald Trump’s fortunes in the US midterm elections.
该系列将于10月26日星期一以我们的最后一篇报道结束。订阅我们的国际通讯Cables,获取我们实地记者每周的幕后独家见解。
The series will conclude with our final dispatch on Monday, Oct 26. Sign up to Cables, our international newsletter, for behind-the-scenes insights from our reporters on the ground each week.
新鲜鱼类的气味弥漫在清晨的空气中。一辆叉车将数吨黄鳍金枪鱼运过火奴鲁鲁的38号码头,这里的渔船在海上航行数周后于今天返回。
The smell of fresh fish hangs in the morning air. A forklift ferries tons of yellowfin tuna across Honolulu’s Pier 38, where fishing boats have returned today after weeks at sea.
渔民们忙乱地将渔获埋在冰块中,以防其在热带阳光下变热。太阳刚刚升起,但气温已经达到25摄氏度。
The fishermen frantically bury the catches in ice to keep them cool from the tropical sun. It has not long risen, but the temperature is already 25C.
地面上,7万磅的鱼被整齐地排列成行。埃里克·金格ma(Eric Kingma)审视着这些渔获,深知在此停靠的船只都冒了风险。
On the floor, 70,000lb of fish are laid out in neat rows. Eric Kingma surveys the haul, knowing the boats that have docked here took a gamble.
作为夏威夷延绳钓协会(Hawaii Longline Association)的执行董事,他监督着这支正在艰难扭亏为盈的拥有150艘船只的船队。
As executive director for the Hawaii Longline Association, he oversees the 150-strong fleet struggling to turn a profit.
伊朗战争导致的飙升燃料成本,再加上廉价的补贴进口商品,意味着夏威夷的渔民正面临一个两难境地:要么停船靠岸并承担留在岸上的成本,要么冒险出海以期中大奖。
Skyrocketing fuel costs owing to the Iran war, compounded by cheap, subsidised imports, mean fishermen in Hawaii are facing a dilemma: tie up and eat the costs of staying ashore or risk a voyage in the hopes of hitting the jackpot.
金格ma先生说:“我们本以为今年早些时候看到了市场复苏的一些迹象,然后某种燃料冲击再次袭来。”
“We thought we saw some signs of recovery early this year with the market and then the kind of fuel shock hit again,” Mr Kingma says.
夏威夷延绳钓协会(Hawaii Longline Association)的埃里克·金格ma(Eric Kingma)表示:“从1月到4月,燃油价格上涨了近200%,现在比1月高出100%。即使在新冠疫情之后,这也彻底榨干了这个船队本就微薄的利润。”他的行业正在艰难应对不断上涨的燃油成本。在夏威夷,几乎所有东西都依靠海运或空运,这里的燃油一直以来都很贵。但中东冲突已将成本推高至无法控制的水平。
“Fuel prices went up nearly 200 per cent from January to April, and now they are 100 per cent higher than in January. That has really taken out what little profitability there was in this fleet, even post-Covid.”Eric Kingma of the Hawaii Longline Association says his industry is struggling to cope with the rising fuel costs In Hawaii, where almost everything is shipped or flown in, fuel has always been expensive. But the Middle East conflict has pushed costs to unmanageable levels.
自从唐纳德·特朗普于2月28日宣布对德黑兰实施首轮打击以来,美国的柴油价格已飙升约70%。柴油价格达到了创纪录的每加仑7.44美元。这是全美第二高的油价,仅次于加利福尼亚州,后者的油价因税收而人为虚高。
Since the first strikes in Tehran were announced by Donald Trump on Feb 28, diesel prices in the US have soared by around 70 per cent. Diesel is at a record high of $7.44 per gallon. It is the second-most expensive amount in the nation, surpassed only by California, whose oil prices are artificially inflated through taxes.
甚至连红色柴油——这种全岛农民和渔民使用的、价格稍低且免税的燃料——也达到了历史最高纪录。
Even red diesel, the slightly cheaper, tax-exempt fuel used by farmers and fishermen across the islands, has reached record highs.
高昂的燃油价格使特朗普及其共和党人在期中选举中更难捍卫其微弱的国会多数席位。
High fuel prices have made it harder for Mr Trump and his Republican Party to defend narrow congressional majorities in the midterm elections.
生活成本是选民(包括总统的许多核心支持者)在11月3日走向投票站时列出的头号关切。白宫高级幕僚曾拼命劝说总统去应对飙升的成本,但他一再声称这些成本是“民主党人的骗局”。
The cost of living is the top item cited by voters, including many of the president’s base as they head to the polls on Nov 3. Senior White House aides have desperately tried to get the president to address the soaring costs, which he has repeatedly claimed are a “Democrat hoax”.
檀香山居民也是感受到更高生活成本压力的人群之一。但选民们已经无力承担开车、给房屋供暖和制冷或购买日常食品的费用。民主党候选人正就油价问题猛烈抨击竞争对手,一些共和党人甚至公开与特朗普决裂,谴责伊朗战争及其带来的经济余波。
Honolulu residents are among those feeling the pinch of higher living costs But voters can no longer afford to drive, heat and cool their homes or buy their usual groceries. Democratic candidates are hammering their rivals over the price of oil, with some Republicans even publicly breaking with Mr Trump to decry the Iran war and its economic fallout.
随着惨淡选举的阴影迫近,特朗普试图通过与弗拉基米尔·普京达成协议、从俄罗斯购买柴油来向全球市场投放柴油,以此降低成本,此举引发了一片哗然。
As the spectre of a painful election looms, Mr Trump tried to lower costs by sourcing diesel to flood the global market through a deal with Vladimir Putin, to buy diesel from Russia, prompting an outcry.
白宫表示,此举旨在降低美国司机、农民和牧民不断飙升的汽油和柴油成本,此前还因乌克兰对俄罗斯炼油厂的无人机袭击引发了紧张局势。但渔民表示,他们需要更多的帮助。
The White House said the move was aimed at reducing surging gas and diesel costs for American drivers, farmers, and ranchers, and followed tensions over Ukrainian drone strikes on Russian oil refineries. But fishermen say they need more help.
渔民们必须在愿意花多少钱买油上进行赌博,以期捕获更多的鱼。对于38号码头的渔民来说,他们的利润空间仍未从疫情中完全恢复,每一次出海都变成了一场代价高昂的投机。
Fishermen must gamble with how much they are willing to spend on fuel in the prospect of landing a bigger catch For those at Pier 38, whose margins still have not fully recovered from the pandemic, every trip has become an expensive roll of the dice.
根据船只的大小,他们在捕到第一条鱼之前,加满油箱可能就要花高达5万美元。
Depending on the size of the vessel, they can spend as much as $50,000 filling their tanks before a single fish is caught.
“如果你选择停航歇业,每个月就要面临1万美元的开销。或者你出海去碰碰运气,”金格玛解释道。
“If you’re going to tie up, you’re looking at $10,000 per month. Or you go out and try your luck,” Mr Kingma explains.
“大家有一种感觉,隧道的尽头在哪里?在过去的四年里,我们经历了非常艰难的经济状况,而现在情况在某种程度上又进一步恶化了,大家充满了担忧。”随着油价飙升,鱼价却几乎没有变动。根据需求和鱼的品质,日常价格徘徊在每磅约4.20美元左右。
“There is a sense of, where’s the light at the end of the tunnel here? We went through a really tough economic situation the last four years, and now it’s kind of been exacerbated, and there is a lot of concern.”As fuel prices have soared, fish prices have hardly budged. Daily prices hover around $4.20 per lb depending on demand and the grade of the fish.
水手们被迫陷入双输的境地:在海上停留更长时间,试图捕获更多的鱼来分摊燃油成本,但这同时又会消耗更多的燃料。
Sailors are forced into a lose-lose situation: stay out on the water longer and try to catch more fish to ease the cost of fuel, while burning more fuel.
自早上6点起就聚集在檀香山岸边的买家们围在每条鱼周围检查其质量。今天,渔民们带回了黄鳍金枪鱼、剑鱼和月鱼。每条鱼的尾部都被切开,其中几条品相最好的鱼被摆放出来以吸引买家。
Buyers, who have gathered on Honolulu shores since 6am, huddle around each fish to examine its quality. Today, the men have brought in yellow-finned tuna, swordfish and moonfish. Each is cut at the tail, and a number of the most attractive are laid to tempt shoppers.
等待拍卖的鱼被摆放出来供人检查。买家通常是岛上酒店和餐厅的商业采购商,这些酒店和餐厅为夏威夷庞大的旅游经济服务,他们寻找的是能带来最大价值的完美颜色和脂肪含量。
Fish to be sold at auction are laid out for inspection Buyers, often commercial shoppers from hotels and restaurants on the island that serve Hawaii’s sizeable tourism economy, look for the perfect colour and fat content for maximum value.
“根据鱼的供应情况,市场上有时没有太多的稳定性,”金格玛说。
“There is not a lot of stability on the market sometimes based on the availability of the fish,” Mr Kingma says.
“鲜鱼渔业完全没有转嫁成本的能力——我们没有库存——鱼必须在[当天]售出,而且我们在拍卖会上获得的往往无法弥补航行成本的大幅增加。”金格马(Mr Kingma)表示,由于其他国家的渔民再也无力将鱼进口到夏威夷,高昂的燃料成本得到了一些缓解。但当他们返航时,本地捕捞的鱼的价格就会暴跌。
“There is zero ability to pass on costs in a fresh fish fishery – we don’t hold inventory – the fish has to be sold [on the day] and often prices we get at auction don’t match the huge increase in trip costs.”Mr Kingma said there was some respite from the high fuel costs as fishermen from other countries could no longer afford to import their fish to Hawaii. But when they return, the price of locally caught fish crashes.
夏威夷的不满情绪代表了今年中期选举中的许多州。金格马对华盛顿并不陌生,他曾在椭圆形办公室里站在特朗普先生身旁,这是他为争取该行业支持进行多年竞选活动后取得的巅峰成就。
Dissatisfaction in Hawaii is representative of many states this midterm Mr Kingma is no stranger to Washington and has stood in the Oval Office beside Mr Trump, a crowning achievement after years of campaigning for support for the industry.
但正当总统试图将渔民拉拢为盟友之际,伊朗战争却给这个本已无力承受的行业带来了动荡。
But as the president has sought to make an ally out of fishermen, the war in Iran has brought disruption to an industry that can barely afford it.
全国各地的部分渔民(其中许多人是总统的基本盘)已经对特朗普先生产生了反感。商业渔民的不满可能会给华盛顿州、阿拉斯加州和缅因州竞争激烈的竞选中的共和党人带来附带损害。
Some fishermen across the country, many of whom are the president’s base, have turned on Mr Trump. Dissatisfaction among commercial fishermen could cause collateral damage for Republicans in competitive races in Washington, Alaska and Maine.
为了赢得他们的支持,总统在6月签署了一项行政令,取消布什和奥巴马政府时期确立的商业捕鱼限制。
To win them over, the president signed an executive order to roll back commercial fishing restrictions established under the Bush and Obama administrations in June.
这是一次受欢迎的喘息之机。但在燃料价格下跌之前,渔民将继续面临痛苦的困境。
It was a welcome respite. But until fuel prices fall, fishermen will continue to face a painful dilemma.
“希望[这场战争]能尽快结束,因为我们在这样的燃料价格下无法生存,”金格马补充道,“这 realmente [注:原文无realmente,此处应删去] 很大程度上取决于我们能从鱼类中获得什么价格——这与需求和进口息息相关。”用于带游客观光的船只。航运业整体正在遭受打击。
“Hopefully [the war] is over soon because we can’t survive at these fuel prices,” Mr Kingma adds. “It’s really dependent on what prices we get for our fish – which is linked to demand and imports.”Boats to take tourists out for sightseeing.
和许多人一样,他希望如果政府正考虑向农业和交通运输行业提供救助以减轻痛苦,美国渔业也能被纳其中。
The shipping industry is suffering as a whole He, like many others, hopes that if the administration is thinking about providing relief to agricultural and transport sectors to ease the pain, the US fishing industry is included.
不断上涨的成本正迫使家庭、农民和企业纷纷离开夏威夷。根据夏威夷大学上周一发布的一项调查,由于生活成本高昂,该州近半数居民曾考虑搬迁。
The rising costs are forcing families, farmers and businesses alike to flee Hawaii. Nearly half of the state’s residents have considered moving because of the high cost of living, according to a survey released by the University of Hawaii last Monday. Dean Okimoto knows the pain too well.
迪恩·奥基莫托(Dean Okimoto)对这种痛苦深有体会。他拄着一根木手杖,在火奴鲁鲁上方山丘他的农场里采摘一垄垄生菜。
He leans on a wooden cane as he picks the rows of mustard greens growing on his farm in the hills above Honolulu.
温和的微风沙沙作响,吹拂着头顶的棕榈树。他戴着一顶呢帽,用来遮挡夏威夷的阳光。
A warm breeze rustles the palm trees overhead. He wears a felt hat to shield his eyes from the Hawaiian sun.
作为一名第二代农民,他的一生大部分时间都在这些岛屿上种植农产品。在过去的75年里,他经历过无数次风暴和野火。但那些自然灾害与远在8000英里外肆虐的战争相比,简直不值一提。
A second-generation farmer, he has spent much of his life growing produce on the islands. He has weathered countless storms and wildfires over his 75 years. But those natural disasters are nothing compared with the war raging 8,000 miles away.
迪恩·奥基莫托于1983年在瓦胡岛威马纳洛创立了纳洛农场(Nalo Farms)。不断上涨的燃料成本,加上一连串恶劣天气的打击,让这座曾经盈利的农场陷入了亏损。奥基莫托先生被迫从储蓄中拿出大约100万美元来维持农场的运营。
Dean Okimoto opened Nalo Farms, in Waimanalo, Oahu, in 1983 Rising fuel costs, compounded by a string of bad weather, have pushed this once-profitable farm into the red. Mr Okimoto has been forced to take around $1m out of his savings to keep the operation going.
“这场战争需要结束。这是不可持续的,”他紧握着手杖说道。“除了2018年(当时夏威夷遭遇了洪水、火山爆发和一场毁灭性的飓风)之外,这是我最困难的一年,”奥基莫托先生说。
“The war needs to end. It is unsustainable,” he says, gripping his cane. “Other than 2018 (when Hawaii was hit by flooding, a volcanic eruption and a devastating hurricane), this is my most difficult year,” said Mr Okimoto.
当被问及是否希望看到伊朗的战争结束时,他补充道:“是的,绝对希望。战争结束。我不是我们总统的粉丝。他是在满足一个永远喂不饱的自我。”奥基莫托在当地算是个名人。自1983年以来,他一直担任总部位于瓦胡岛威马纳洛的家族企业纳洛农场的总裁兼前所有者。
Asked whether he would like to see the war in Iran end, he added: “Yes, absolutely. End of the war. I’m not a fan of our president. He is trying to feed an ego that won’t stop eating.”Mr Okimoto is something of a local celebrity. He has served as the president and former owner of the family-run business Nalo Farms, based in Waimanalo, Oahu, since 1983.
他的企业通过开创“纳洛绿色蔬菜”(Nalo Greens)——一种标志性的优质混合沙拉,以及微型绿叶蔬菜和草本植物,成为了夏威夷餐饮业的中流砥柱。它备受当地顶尖厨师的青睐,并被用于该岛的一些顶级餐厅中。
His business became a culinary staple in Hawaii by pioneering “Nalo Greens”, a signature premium salad mix, alongside microgreens and herbs. It is favoured by top local chefs and used in some of the island’s finest restaurants.
冲本先生的农场在当前的经济环境下一直遭受打击,冲本先生正在尽最大努力降低成本,以抵消不断上涨的燃料费用。土壤被清理并重新使用。用于培育骨骼的架子是用回收的木托盘制成的。
Mr Okimoto’s farms have been suffering in the current economic climate Mr Okimoto is trying his best to lower costs to offset rising fuel prices. Soil is cleaned and reused. Growing bones are fashioned from recycled wooden pallets.
“农业的利润本来就很薄。而人们就是不愿意付这个价钱,”他说。“这意味着更长的工作时间。这关乎如何想方设法提高种植效率。”在夏威夷的道路上,司机们正越来越多地寻找避开不断上涨成本的方法。
“Margins in farming are so small to begin with. And people just don’t want to pay the price,” he says. “It means longer days. It’s about trying to figure out how to grow more efficiently.”On Hawaii’s roads, drivers are increasingly looking for ways to escape the rising costs.
埃里克是两个孩子的父亲,自2017年以来一直是一名优步司机,他是众多受苦受难的人之一。他说,他的兄弟为了生存,从夏威夷搬到了拉斯维加斯。
Eric, a father of two, has been an Uber driver since 2017 and is one of many suffering. His brother, he says, relocated from Hawaii to Las Vegas to survive.
回到檀香山的海岸,由150艘远洋渔船组成的船队决心继续坚持下去。
Back on the shores of Honolulu, the 150-strong fleet of longline fishermen is determined to keep going.
但对于历经多年与惊涛骇浪搏斗的一代人来说,他们工作面临的最大风险已不再仅仅是天气,而是一场远在数千英里之外的战争。
But for a generation that has spent years battling the high seas, the greatest risk to their work is no longer just the weather, but a war thousands of miles away.