美国最高法院拒绝审理特朗普解雇劳工委员会成员一案作者：John Kruzel华盛顿，10月19日 - 美国最高法院周一拒绝受理一名由民主党任命的国家劳工关系委员会成员提出的申请，该成员试图挑战总统唐纳德·特朗普解雇她的合法性。
US Supreme Court won't review Trump's firing of labor board member By John Kruzel WASHINGTON, Oct 19 - The US Supreme Court declined on Monday to hear a bid by a Democratic-appointed member of the National Labor Relations Board to challenge the legality of her firing by President Donald Trump.
大法官们驳回了前NLRB成员格温·威尔科克斯的上诉，此前一家下级法院裁定，这位共和党总统于2025年1月解雇她的行为是对行政权力的有效行使。
The justices turned away former NLRB member Gwynne Wilcox's appeal of a lower court's ruling that said the Republican president's January 2025 firing of her was a valid exercise of executive authority.
法院的这一行动紧随其6月份支持特朗普解雇民主党联邦贸易委员会成员丽贝卡·斯劳特的决定。
The court's action follows its June decision backing Trump's firing of Rebecca Slaughter, a Democratic Federal Trade Commission member.
该判决推翻了法院1935年在“汉弗莱遗嘱执行人案”中确立的先例，该先例曾承认国会有权保护某些监管机构的领导人免遭总统随意解职。斯劳特案的判决标志着保守派数十年来加强总统对政府关键权力杠杆控制的努力达到了顶峰。
That ruling overturned the court's 1935 precedent in a case called Humphrey's Executor that had recognized the authority of Congress to protect leaders of certain regulatory agencies from presidential removal at will. The Slaughter decision capped a decades-long conservative push to strengthen the president's grip on key levers of government power.
特朗普将威尔科克斯从NLRB免职，是他对美国政府进行大刀阔斧改革和精简的一部分，包括解雇数千名员工、拆解联邦机构、将忠诚者安插在关键职位以及清洗职业官员。
Trump's move to oust Wilcox from the NLRB was part of his shakeup and downsizing of the US government, including firing thousands of workers, dismantling federal agencies, installing loyalists in key jobs and purging career officials.
威尔科克斯是该委员会首位担任董事的黑人女性，2023年由前民主党总统乔·拜登任命为第二个五年任期。特朗普在其第二个总统任期开始约一周时即着手解雇她，威尔科克斯因此提起诉讼。斯劳特也是拜登的任命者。
Wilcox, the first Black woman to serve on the agency's board, was appointed to a second five-year term in 2023 by Democratic former President Joe Biden. Trump moved to fire her about a week into his second presidential term, drawing a lawsuit by Wilcox. Slaughter also was a Biden appointee.
关于特朗普解雇威尔科克斯和其他官员的法律斗争，已成为考验其将国会原本设计为独立于总统的联邦机构置于其控制之下的努力的关键。
The legal fight over Trump's firing of Wilcox and other officials has figured as a key test of his efforts to bring federal agencies meant by Congress to be independent from the president under his control.
美国地区法官贝里尔·豪威尔于2025年3月维护了一项联邦法律，该法律保护NLRB官员免遭无故解雇，驳回了特朗普的论点，即国会通过的该法案侵犯了美国宪法赋予总统的权力。
US District Judge Beryl Howell in March 2025 upheld a federal law protecting NLRB officials from being fired without cause, rejecting Trump's argument that the measure passed by Congress encroaches on authority granted to the president under the US Constitution.
该裁决于2025年12月被美国哥伦比亚特区上诉法院以2比1的裁决推翻，促使威尔科克斯向最高法院提出上诉。
That ruling was reversed in a 2-1 decision by the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in December 2025, prompting Wilcox's appeal to the Supreme Court.