英国金融监管机构表示，随着日益自主的系统带来新风险，企业的事故报告必须涵盖重大 AI 故障和未遂事故。
The UK's financial regulator says firms' incident reporting must cover significant AI failures and near-misses as increasingly autonomous systems raise new risks.
英国金融行为监管局（FCA）首席数据、信息与情报官杰西卡·鲁苏周一在彭博英国政策系列活动上发言时表示，监管机构希望英国在金融服务领域安全采用 AI 方面发挥引领作用。然而，更高的自主性要求明确的问责制。“治理不善的 AI 可能造成消费者损害、网络漏洞和运营故障，且可能以更大的速度和规模发生，”她说。
Speaking at Bloomberg's UK Policy Series on Monday, Financial Conduct Authority chief data, information and intelligence officer Jessica Rusu said the regulator wants Britain to lead safe AI adoption in financial services. Greater autonomy, however, requires clear accountability. "Poorly governed AI can create consumer harm, cyber vulnerabilities, and operational failures, potentially at much greater speed and scale," she said.
“我们的规则已经要求企业报告重大事故，这一要求必须延伸至重大 AI 故障和未遂事故。正如 AI 大臣所认识到的，代理式 AI 的未遂事故报告正成为国家安全优先事项。这也是监管优先事项。”
"Our rules already require firms to report major incidents, and that must extend to significant AI failures and near-misses. As the AI Minister has recognized, near-miss reporting for agentic AI is becoming a national security priority. It is a regulatory priority too."
英国在金融服务领域实力超越其经济体量。2025 年，该行业为英国经济贡献了 2236 亿英镑，占国民产出的 8%。这一占比在经合组织（OECD）国家中位居第四。
The UK punches above its weight in financial services. The sector contributed £223.6 billion to the UK economy in 2025, or 8 percent of national output. That share was the fourth highest among OECD countries.
上周，英国人工智能大臣卡尼什卡·纳拉扬表示，政府计划与议会和技术专家合作，评估如何强化制度，以更好地保护英国免受 AI 驱动的网络威胁和失控风险。“这包括识别和报告严重事故及未遂事故，包括降低 AI 驱动的风险在关键服务中的扩散，并确保严重 AI 事故能得到妥善审查，”他说。
Last week, UK artificial intelligence minister Kanishka Narayan said the government plans to work with Parliament and technical experts to assess how it could strengthen the regime to better protect Britain from AI-driven cyber threats and loss-of-control risks. "That includes identifying and reporting on serious incidents and near misses, including reducing AI-driven risk across essential services, and ensuring serious AI incidents can be properly reviewed," he said.
独立非营利组织 Guidelight AI Standards 的联合创始人兼首席科学家史蒂文·阿德勒上周也对议员们表示，AI 监管可借鉴航空业经验，在大多数司法管辖区，航空业强制要求报告未遂事故。
Steven Adler, co-founder and chief scientist of independent nonprofit Guidelight AI Standards, also told MPs last week that AI oversight could learn from aviation, where reporting of near-misses is mandatory in most jurisdictions.
“在航空领域，运作方式是你不仅想了解有人确实丧生的严重空难；你还想了解未遂事故，因为你可以从中吸取教训，帮助未来避免此类事故，”他说。然而，政府尚未承诺在《网络安全与韧性（网络与信息系统）法案》中增加针对 AI 的具体措施。科学、创新与技术部增长、科学与国际事务总干事 Alexandra Jones 上周告诉下院议员，修正案仍在考虑之中。
"The way this works in aviation is that you not only want to learn about the serious crashes where someone has in fact died; you want to learn about the near-misses, because you can learn from those and help avoid them in the future," he said. However, the government has yet to commit to adding AI-specific measures to the Cyber Security and Resilience (Network and Information Systems) Bill. Alexandra Jones, Director General for Growth, Science and International at the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, told MPs last week that amendments remain under consideration.
今年 1 月，下院财政委员会呼吁金融监管机构开展压力测试，以确保企业做好准备应对 AI 引发的市场冲击。该委员会表示，当 AI 系统产生有害或不公平结果时，应有明确的问责界线。®
In January, the House of Commons Treasury Committee called on financial regulators to conduct stress tests to ensure businesses are ready for AI-driven market shocks. The committee said there should be clear lines of accountability when AI systems produce harmful or unfair outcomes. ®