“提努布必须下台！”：尼日利亚异见者面临压力 阿比奥杜恩·贾米乌 2026年10月20日几名身穿反政府T恤的男子被捕，以及一场政治会议被阻止举行，重燃了关于尼日利亚言论自由和抗议权利的辩论。
'Tinubu Must Go!': Dissent under pressure in Nigeria Abiodun Jamiu October 20, 2026 The arrest of several men wearing anti-government T-shirts and the disruption of a political meeting have renewed debate over free expression and protest rights in Nigeria.
警方称，这些男子被发现持有“干树叶”、一把剪刀以及印有“提努布必须下台！”字样的T恤。印有“提努布必须下台！”标语的T恤——这是指尼日利亚总统博拉·提努布——成为该国广阔北部地区打压异见行动升级的焦点。
Police said the men were found in possession of 'dried leaves,' a pair of scissors and T-shirts bearing the phrase 'Tinubu Must Go!' T-shirts bearing the slogan "Tinubu Must Go!" — a reference to Nigerian President Bola Tinubu— are at the center of an escalating crackdown on dissent in Nigeria 's vast north.
9月，东北部博尔诺州警方以穿着此类T恤为由逮捕了5名年龄在21至44岁之间的男子。当局指控该团伙密谋制作并穿着这些T恤，意图破坏公共治安。这些男子随后被控刑事共谋、煽动骚乱、扰乱公共治安和流氓罪。
In September, police in the northeastern state of Borno arrested five men, aged between 21 and 44, over the shirts. Authorities have alleged the group had conspired to produce and wear them with the intention of breaching public peace. The men were subsequently charged with criminal conspiracy, inciting disturbance, disturbance of public peace and thuggery.
此举招致人权组织和活动人士的批评。两周后，警方解释称，逮捕行动源于一次例行巡逻，警员在他们身上发现了疑似违禁药物和其他物品，辩称起诉他们并非因为表达政治观点。
Drawing criticism from human rights groups and activists, police later explained that the arrests followed a routine patrol and that officers found substances believed to be illicit drugs and other items on them, arguing that they were not being prosecuted for expressing their political views.
但两周后，北部卡诺州警方以公共安全为由，阻止了同一运动成员计划举行的会议，封锁了会场入口。
But two weeks after the incident, police in the northern state of Kano blocked access to the venue of a planned meeting by members of the same movement citing concerns over public safety.
发声的代价 这两起事件引发了关于合法安全措施与表达异见政治观点之间界限模糊的质疑，许多人质疑尼日利亚的民主是否为公民挑战掌权者提供了足够的空间。
The cost of speaking out The two incidents have raised questions about the thin line between legitimate security measures and expressing dissenting political views, with many questioning whether Nigeria's democracy provides enough space for citizens to challenge those in power.
警方称，他们“逮捕了五名涉嫌从事可能引发公共骚乱行为的嫌疑人”。
Police said they 'apprehended five suspects allegedly involved in conduct capable of causing public disturbance'
律师兼活动家哈萨纳·迈纳将警方因T恤衫采取的行动形容为“卑鄙”。“充其量只能说这是非常不诚实的，因为我们所进行的斗争以及所造成的不安全感，解决之道不是建立一个……靠法西斯主义生存、不允许异见存在、或者强迫人们只能用一种特定方式思考的体制，因为那本身就是对人民自由的侵犯，”迈纳对德国之声表示。
Hassana Maina, a lawyer and activist, described the police action over the T-shirts as "despicable." "It's very dishonest at best because the fight that we've had and the insecurity that has been caused, the solution to that is not to create a system … that thrives on fascism where dissenting voices are not allowed to exist, or people have to think in one particular way because that in itself is an assault to people's freedom," Maina told DW.
国际特赦组织称，这些男子是反对党非洲民主大会（ADC）的支持者，法新社报道。
Amnesty International said the men were supporters of the opposition African Democratic Congress (ADC), reported news agency Agence France-Presse.
这并非当局首次因公民发表被视为批评政府的言论而对其进行迫害。
This is not the first time authorities have persecuted citizens for airing views considered critical of the government.
知名社交媒体批评人士阿布巴卡尔·伊德里斯，广为人知的名字是达迪亚塔，于2019年8月在卡杜纳州的住所被武装男子带走后失踪。
Popular social media critic Abubakar Idris, who is popularly known as Dadiyata, went missing in August 2019 after armed men seized him from his residence in Kaduna State.
这位曾对卡诺州时任州长乌马尔·甘杜杰政府提出尖锐批评的知名人士，自此杳无音讯。
The prominent critic of the then Umar Ganduje administration in Kano State has not been seen since.
在另一起事件中，18岁的哈姆迪亚·沙里夫因在TikTok上发布视频批评索科托州州长处理该西北部州安全局势的方式，被捕并被羁押候审。
In another incident, 18-year-old Hamdiyya Sharif was arrested and remanded in prison for posting a TikTok video criticizing the Sokoto State governor's handling of security in the northwestern state.
沙里夫在视频中谈到，当地被称为“土匪”的犯罪团伙正在洗劫村庄，以及该州流离失所妇女的困境。
Sharif talked about how criminal gangs, known locally as bandits, were pillaging local villages and the plight of displaced women in the state.
视频走红后，她被捕并被提交伊斯兰教法法院审判，罪名是对州长艾哈迈德·阿利尤使用辱骂性语言以及“煽动骚乱”。
After the video went viral, she was arrested and charged in a Sharia court for the use of abusive language against the state governor, Ahmed Aliyu, and "inciting disturbance."
超越口号 “提努布必须下台”运动反对尼日利亚总统博拉·提努布的现任政府，并表示希望在尼日利亚2027年1月总统大选前动员尼日利亚民众。但反对派的不满远不止要求更换领导层这一诉求。
Beyond the slogan The "Tinubu Must Go" movement opposes the current administration of Nigerian President Bola Tinubu and says it wants to mobilize Nigerians ahead of Nigeria's January 2027 presidential election But the grievances behind the opposition extend beyond a demand for a change in leadership.
尼日利亚正面临近年来最严重的经济危机之一。食品价格处于20多年来的最高水平，高通胀和飙升的运输成本正在加剧生活成本危机。在该国北部地区，不安全局势依然普遍存在，尤其是在农村社区。
Nigeria is facing one of its worst economic crises in recent times. Food prices are at their highest level in over 20 years and high inflation and skyrocketing transportation costs are exacerbating the cost of living crisis Across the northern part of the country, insecurity is still pervasive, especially in rural communities.
十多年来，激进伊斯兰组织“博科圣地”及其分支一直在对国家发动长期武装叛乱，叛乱已造成数十万人丧生，数百万人流离失所，扰乱了该地区的生计和经济活动，尽管已进行了多年的军事行动。尼日利亚：打击恐怖主义和分裂主义 要观看此视频 ，尼日利亚国际特赦组织执行主任伊萨·萨努西表示，对穿着“廷布必须下台！”T恤的人进行打压，代表了一种令人不安的压制结社和表达自由权利的模式。
For more than a decade, militant Islamist movement Boko Haram and its factions have waged an extended armed rebellion against the state insurgency has killed hundreds of thousands of people and displaced millions from their homes, disrupting the livelihood and economic activities in the region despite years of military operations Nigeria: Fighting terror and separatism To view this video , and Isa Sanusi, executive director of Amnesty International in Nigeria, said the clampdown on people wearing "Tinubu Must Go!" T-shirts represents a disturbing pattern of repression of the right to freedom of association and expression.
“人们有自由支持或反对一个政党或候选人。仅仅穿一件T恤就成为逮捕和拘留的理由，这是不可接受的，”他告诉德国之声。“警方实施的这些行动构成了对民主本身的攻击。” 尼日利亚长期以来对异见的不宽容 随着尼日利亚准备迎接下一次大选，萨努西辩称，选举是民主的核心，但不是唯一的衡量标准。
"People are free to support or oppose a political party or candidate. It is unacceptable that just wearing a T-shirt can become a reason for arrest and detention," he told DW. "These actions carried out by police constitute an attack on democracy itself." Nigeria's long-running intolerance for dissent As Nigeria prepares for its next general elections, Sanusi argued that elections are central to democracy but they're not the only measure.
他补充道，尼日利亚的民主状况也应“以自由和权利保护为基础”来评估。
He added that the state of democracy in Nigeria should also be assessed "based on freedom and protection of rights."
“我们现在看到的是一种令人沮丧的前景，人们仅因政治观点或意见就遭到攻击和拘留，”他对德国之声表示。“我们看到反对派政客被剥夺举行政治集会的场地，酒店受到威胁不得允许反对派使用其场所。”最近，位于卡杜纳的研究和历史文献中心“阿雷瓦之家”的管理层撤回了此前批准的一场图书发布会，理由是运营问题；该书被认为对政府持批评态度。
"What we have now is a damning outlook, as people are attacked and detained simply for their political views or opinions," he told DW. "We have opposition politicians being denied space to hold political gatherings, and hotels threatened not to allow opposition to use their spaces." Recently, the management of Arewa House, a research and historical documentation center in Kaduna, withdrew its approval for the presentation of a book deemed to be critical of the government, citing operational issues.
律师兼活动家哈萨纳重申，没有强有力的反对派，繁荣民主的想法是一场闹剧。
The idea of a thriving democracy without strong opposition is a farce, reiterated Hassana, the lawyer and activist.
她指出，该国必须“拒绝这种观点，特别是政府试图向我们推销的这种观点：因为你反对政府，或者反对政府的政策，就是反对国家，以此来质疑你的爱国主义；爱国没有唯一的方式。”她对德国之声表示：“站出来反对你认为不利于国家发展的政策，我认为这是爱国主义的最高体现。”
She noted that the country must "reject the idea especially that this government is trying to sell to us that because you're opposing the government or you're opposing the policies of the government and you're opposing the state, and somehow they want to bring your patriotism into question, there's no one way to be patriotic." "Standing up against policies that you think [are] bad for the development of your country, I think it's patriotism at its finest," she told DW.