半岛电视台的一项调查揭露，一个与被禁恐怖组织有关联的暴力准军事组织，与英国一个右翼学生团体关系密切。
A violent paramilitary linked to a proscribed terror group has close ties to a right-wing student group in the United Kingdom, an Al Jazeera investigation has revealed.
艾伦·内斯比特是一名有前科罪犯，也是阿尔斯特志愿军（UVF）成员，他与“转折点英国”（TPUK）有联系。
Allan Nesbitt, a convicted criminal who is a member of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), is linked to Turning Point UK (TPUK).
我们的调查“合同杀手与极右翼”始于2021年，当时半岛电视台的一名卧底记者加入了TPUK，该组织是右翼美国活动团体“转折点美国”的一个独立分支。TPUK与英国保守党多位高级成员，以及改革英国党领导人关系密切。
Our investigation, Contract Killers and the Far Right, began in 2021, when an undercover reporter from Al Jazeera joined TPUK, an independent offshoot of the right-wing US activist group Turning Point USA. TPUK has close ties to several senior British Conservative Party members, as well as to leaders of Reform UK.
TPUK首席执行官杰克·罗斯曾于2023年代表保守党参选。罗斯将半岛电视台的卧底记者介绍给了来自苏格兰格拉斯哥的内斯比特。
TPUK’s CEO Jack Ross stood as a Conservative Party candidate in 2023. Ross introduced Al Jazeera’s undercover reporter to Nesbitt, who is from Glasgow, Scotland.
罗斯明确表示，他与内斯比特有着长期的交往历史。我们的卧底记者拍摄到，罗斯同意支付内斯比特数千英镑，策划一场虚假政治集会，旨在展示支持解除英国对津巴布韦制裁。
Ross made clear that he and Nesbitt had a long history together. Ross was filmed by our undercover reporter agreeing to pay Nesbitt thousands of pounds to stage a fake political rally designed to show support for the lifting of UK sanctions against Zimbabwe.
罗斯还对半岛电视台的卧底人员表示，只要给“一定数额”钱，内斯比特及其联系人可以安排实施人身攻击，他说他们可以“狠狠揍某人一顿。他们可以开始划烂别人的脸。那是另一个价钱。他们可以捅人，”罗斯说。“他们可以开枪打人。他们可以杀人。”为了测试罗斯关于内斯比特的说法，半岛电视台的卧底人员编造了一个关于与虚构竞争对手发生商业纠纷、想让对方“被处理掉”的故事。
Ross also told Al Jazeera’s undercover operative that for “a certain amount”, Nesbitt and his contacts could arrange physical attacks, saying they could “kick the f* out of someone. They can start cutting people’s faces up. That’s another amount. They can stab someone,” Ross said. “They can shoot someone. They could kill someone.”To test Ross’s claims about Nesbitt, Al Jazeera’s undercover operative devised a story about a business dispute with a fictional rival they wanted “dealt with”.
在伦敦一家酒店的私下会面中，内斯比特告诉我们的记者，他可以“安排你需要做的任何事”，但“要有代价”。这包括利用他的阿尔斯特志愿军关系杀害那个虚构人物。
In a private meeting in a London hotel, Nesbitt told our reporters he could “arrange whatever you need done”, but “at a price”. This included killing the fictional person with the help of his UVF connections.
“他可以遭遇一场意外，”内斯比特说，向半岛电视台证实那个人会被“搞定”。
“He can have a bad accident,” Nesbitt said, confirming to Al Jazeera that the person would be “finished”.
“这些混蛋是恐怖分子。他们是他妈的受过训练的杀手，”内斯比特补充道。内斯比特还声称自己亲手杀过人。
“These cs are terrorists. They’re fing trained killers,” Nesbitt added. Nesbitt also claimed to have personally killed before.
“过去发生过一些事，那样做[做出开枪手势]风险太大，我只好拔出刀子把那混蛋捅死，”他说。
“Things have happened in the past where it was too risky to do that [gestures firing a gun], and I’ve just pulled out a knife and stabbed the c* to death,” he said.
在随后的一次视频通话中，内斯比特展示了一把霰弹枪、一把手枪和实弹，以证明他有能力兑现承诺。
In a later video call, Nesbitt showed off a shotgun, a pistol, and live ammunition to prove he had the means to follow through.
内斯比特说，支付谋杀报酬的钱将用于武装北爱尔兰的“阿尔斯特志愿军”。
The money paid for the murder would be used to arm the UVF in Northern Ireland, Nesbitt said.
“所有的钱都在苏格兰筹集，东西也在苏格兰购买，然后我们把它们偷运进爱尔兰。”据内斯比特称，他参与这种武器走私已有多年。
“All the money gets raised in Scotland and the things get bought in Scotland and we smuggle them into Ireland.”According to Nesbitt, he has been involved in this weapons smuggling for many years.
“是我们把东西偷运进爱尔兰，供他们在那里打仗，”他说，指的是“麻烦时期”。
“It’s us that smuggled the stuff into Ireland for them to fight the war in there,” he said, referring to The Troubles.
那段时期始于20世纪60年代末，北爱尔兰的天主教和新教团体为新教徒占多数的北爱尔兰应继续留在英国，还是并入天主教徒占多数的爱尔兰共和国而战。
During that period, which began in the late 1960s, Catholic and Protestant groups in Northern Ireland fought over whether Protestant-majority Northern Ireland should remain part of the UK or join the Catholic-majority Republic of Ireland.
支持北爱尔兰继续作为英国一部分的人广为人知，被称为联合派或保皇派。寻求脱离英国的人通常自称共和派或爱尔兰民族主义者。
Those in favour of Northern Ireland remaining a part of the UK are widely known as unionists or loyalists. Those seeking to break from the UK usually identify themselves as republicans or Irish nationalists.
据多年调查该组织的记者帕特里夏·德夫林称，“阿尔斯特志愿军”属于新教保皇派，在“麻烦时期”制造了一些最臭名昭著的屠杀和谋杀案。
The UVF belonged to the Protestant loyalist side and was responsible for some of the most infamous killings and murders during The Troubles, according to Patricia Devlin, a journalist who has been investigating the group for years.
“1966年至1999年间，‘阿尔斯特志愿军’杀害了500多人，”她告诉半岛电视台。
“Between 1966 and 1999, the UVF killed over 500 people,” she told Al Jazeera.
“他们随后又制造了暴行，如1971年麦格克酒吧炸弹惨案，造成15人死亡，以及1974年都柏林和莫纳汉爆炸案，造成33人死亡，”她补充道。
“They went on to commit atrocities such as the 1971 McGurk’s bar bomb massacre, which killed 15 people, and the 1974 Dublin and Monaghan bombings, which killed 33 people”, she added.
但自1998年《耶稣受难日协议》至少在名义上结束“麻烦时期”后，“阿尔斯特志愿军”像许多其他组织一样，转型为更传统的犯罪帮派。
But after the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that at least officially ended the Troubles, the UVF, like many other groups, transformed into a more traditional criminal gang.
“该运动已变成贩毒帮派，同时仍沿用‘阿尔斯特志愿军’的名号，”德夫林说。
“The movement has turned into drug gangs, while still using the name of the UVF,” Devlin said.
对于英国国家犯罪局前副局长罗伊·麦库姆而言，内斯比特的说法并不令人意外。“北爱尔兰与苏格兰之间的效忠派历史渊源非常深厚且由来已久。
To Roy McComb, former deputy director of the UK’s National Crime Agency, Nesbitt’s claims are no surprise. “The history of loyalism between Northern Ireland [and] Scotland is a very strong and very longstanding one.
“从行动层面看，此前确实有证据显示，枪支曾被走私、情报曾被共享、活动人士曾在两国（苏格兰和北爱尔兰）之间流动。
“Operationally, there’s certainly evidence previously of firearms being trafficked, of intelligence being shared, of activists being moved between the two countries [Scotland and Northern Ireland].
“枪支……不过是可以买卖的工具，也可能被贩卖给极右翼。”除了与阿尔斯特志愿军的联系，半岛电视台的调查还显示，“转折点英国”与英国其他极右翼煽动者存在关联。这些团体一直处于抗议针对移民和LGBTQ+权利活动的最前沿。
“Firearms … are simply tools that can be sold and that could be sold onto the far right.”Besides links to the UVF, Al Jazeera’s investigation also shows links between Turning Point UK and other far-right agitators in the UK. These include groups that have been at the forefront of protests against migrants and LGBTQ+ rights.
“转折点英国是这类人的‘粉丝’。显而易见，这些人比‘转折点英国’要强硬得多。‘转折点英国’清楚，他们在底部标注‘禁止极右翼’这种小字，只是为了自我保护，”战略对话研究所高级分析师基兰·奥康纳对半岛电视台表示。
“Turning Point UK are fanboys of these kinds of people. These people are obviously a lot more physically tough than Turning Point UK. Turning Point UK know that they put these little, no far right allowed at the bottom just to protect themselves,” Ciaran O’Connor, senior analyst at the Institute for Strategic Dialogue, told Al Jazeera.
他补充道：“他们利用这些事件作为楔子议题，试图动员支持者、攻击对方的信息或含义，并将安置寻求庇护者妖魔化。”
“They use these events as wedge issues upon which to try and mobilise their support and try and attack the message or the meaning of the other side, and demonise the housing of asylum seekers in society,” he added.
一名前阿尔斯特志愿军成员对半岛电视台表示，“英国极右翼是一只无牙老虎”，但极右翼与阿尔斯特志愿军等团体的联系可能会改变这一局面。
A former member of the UVF told Al Jazeera that the “far right in the UK is a toothless tiger”, but links between the far right and groups like the UVF could change that.
“当你与那些背后策划恐怖活动可能长达40年、至今仍持有武器、仍具备枪击和爆炸能力的个体建立联系时，局势就会改变，”这名前阿尔斯特志愿军成员说。“那你就麻烦大了。”
“It changes whenever you make a connection to individuals who are behind a terrorist campaign for probably 40 years, and are still armed, and still have the ability to shoot and bomb,” the former UVF member said. “Then you’re in trouble.”
出于公共安全考虑，半岛电视台已将阿兰·内斯比特及其武器的情况通报苏格兰警方。
Al Jazeera notified Scottish police about Allan Nesbitt and his weapons in the interest of public safety.
杰克·罗斯“完全”否认我们的调查结果，他告诉我们，他对我们卧底记者所说的一切都非认真之言。其他参与讨论的各方均未对我们的询问作出回应。
Jack Ross denied our findings “completely”, telling us that everything he said to our undercover reporter was not meant seriously. The other parties featured did not respond to our inquiries.