IBM首席执行官阿文德·克里希纳（Arvind Krishna）向投资者表示，开源模型如今非常适合在企业内部环境中使用。在该公司第三季度财报电话会议上，克里希纳指出：在2024年之前，封闭式（closed-source）模型明显优于开源模型。“如果你进行一些评估或基准测试（这些测试应具有广泛的代表性，而非仅针对特定场景），那么最先进的封闭式模型可能会获得70分，而开源模型可能只能得到20到30分。”
IBM CEO Arvind Krishna has told investors that open weight models now make brilliant sense for on-prem enterprise use. Speaking on the company’s Q3 earnings call, Krishna said that in 2024 closed frontier models were plainly superior to open alternatives. “If you ran some assessment, some benchmark, and it was broad-based, not narrow, the top model might score a 70, and the open model might score a 20 or a 30.”
他继续说道：“到了2025年底，这种差距开始缩小——不再是70分对20或30分，而是70分对50分。”克里希纳表示，目前开源模型的成本仅为最先进封闭式模型的25%到10%，而其效果却与封闭式模型相当（即90%相同）。他问道：“对企业来说，这是个简单的问题：如果你能以仅为最先进模型10%的成本获得同样好的效果，你会选择哪种方案呢？”
“In late 2025, we began to see that gap shrink, where maybe the gap was not 70 to 20 or 30, it was 70 to 50,” he continued. The CEO said open weight models currently deliver “anywhere from 25 percent to 10 percent of the token cost of the frontier models. That is very attractive given that they’re now 90 percent as effective.”“It’s a simple question for any enterprise. Would you like something that’s 10 percent of the cost if it’s 90 percent as good as the best, or do you want to pay that 10 times higher cost?”
他认为大多数企业会倾向于选择后者（即选择成本更低的开源模型）。克里希纳进一步分析道：“不过，也确实有一些任务需要使用更复杂的封闭式模型；但绝大多数日常任务（如总结邮件内容、审核合同、接听客户电话、撰写邮件等）都可以用开源模型轻松完成。”他表示，这些数据表明市场对企业内部AI基础设施的需求正在快速增长。
Krishna thinks businesses will most often choose not to incur the higher costs. “Then the question is: how many tasks require that? I would tell you some do, but the vast majority, summarizing an email, examining a contract, answering a customer call, composing an email, all of those can be done as well with the much cheaper answer.”The CEO said those numbers mean IBM is seeing booming interest in on-prem AI infrastructure.
虽然他认为大多数企业只需两三个机架就能搭建出实用的AI基础设施，但他也意识到许多企业在实际操作中会遇到困难。“问题在于：如何实现这一点呢？”克里希纳问道，“企业面临的主要挑战是：我们的核心工程师在哪里？负责维护网络基础设施的人员在哪里？谁能够确保模型被部署在网络距离相近的GPU上？”
While he thinks most businesses can build useful AI infrastructure in just two or three racks, he feels many will struggle to get it running. “The question becomes: how do you do that?” he said. “The question that the enterprise struggles with is: ‘Where are my kernel engineers? Where are the people who worry about the underlying network? Who can make sure that the model is clustered on GPUs that are close to each other in network proximity? Who can make sure that you’re doing the right caching of results so you get an incredible response?’”
“谁能确保你对结果进行正确的缓存，从而获得惊人的响应？”他没有给出答案，只表示IBM将推出简化AI部署的软件。克里希纳还预测，对本地部署AI的需求将推动IBM“大蓝”Spyre主机加速卡的销售。这位首席执行官表示，当前一代z17主机的收入比任何之前的机型多了10亿美元，并称IBM新款机架式机型实现了“近二十年来IBM Z最强劲的中端产品发布”。
He didn’t have answers, other than to say IBM will produce software that eases AI deployments. Krishna also predicted demand for on-prem AI will spur sales of Big Blue’s Spyre mainframe accelerator cards. The CEO said current-gen z17 mainframes have delivered $1bn more revenue than any previous model, and said Big Blue’s new rackable models delivered “the strongest midrange launch in IBM Z in nearly two decades.”
不过，主机收入下降了20%，IBM对此有所预期，因为距离z17发布已过去18个月。IBM基础设施收入同比增长5%，达到37亿美元，远不及戴尔、惠普和联想等竞争对手的改善幅度。软件业务表现更好，增长9%，季度收入达到78亿美元。红帽是明星业务，增长11%，年度经常性收入增长30%。部分未来收入来自红帽的虚拟化产品，该产品已斩获8亿美元订单，管道中还有另外7.5亿美元。
Mainframe revenue, however, fell 20 percent – as IBM expects given it’s now 18 months since it launched the z17. IBM’s infrastructure revenue grew five percent year-over-year to $3.7 billion, much slower improvement than recorded by rivals Dell, HPE, and Lenovo. Software did rather better, scoring nine percent growth to reach $7.8 billion for the quarter. Red Hat was the star, growing eleven percent and increasing annual recurring revenue by 30 percent. Some of that future revenue is for Red Hat’s virtualization products, which have now won $800 million of deals, with a pipeline of a further $750 million.
对于2024年推出的产品线来说，这是不错的成绩，IBM认为，考虑到部分VMware用户可能正在转移，未来还有更多增长空间。季度总收入达到171亿美元，增长5%。IBM股价在盘后交易中波动，最终下跌一两个点。IBM Cloud的“紧急维护”另一件IBM正在关注的事项是，IBM云发生了一起严重等级一的事件，原因是“紧急维护”，导致用户在90分钟内无法配置新资源或虚拟私有云。
That’s a solid result for a product line launched in 2024, and IBM believes there’s more to come given the possibility some VMware users are on the move. Total quarterly revenue hit $17.1 billion, up five percent. IBM’s share price wobbled in after-hours trading and ended down a point or two. ‘Emergency maintenance’ for IBM Cloud Another IBM matter The is watching today is a severity one incident in the Big Blue cloud, caused by “emergency maintenance” that meant users could not provision new resources or virtual private clouds for 90 minutes.
IBM Classic Cloud（IBM于2013年从SoftLayer收购的服务）的用户已被告知，IBM将在周四协调世界时08:00之前“在我们的经典环境中恢复新配置和资源管理”，这意味着该事件将持续至少16小时。
Users of IBM’s Classic Cloud, the service it acquired from SoftLayer in 2013, have been told Big Blue will “restore new provisioning and resource management in our Classic environment” by 08:00 UTC on Thursday – meaning the incident will last at least 16 hours.
IBM 在 PHP 爆出严重漏洞的公告发布后几小时内便开始了这项工作。我们已询问修复该缺陷是否为该事件的原因，若收到回复将更新本文。 ®
IBM commenced that work a handful of hours after the announcement of critical bugs in PHP. We’ve asked if fixing that flaw is the reason for the incident and will update this story if we get a response. ®