知情人士称，一家国际仲裁法院裁定，哈萨克斯坦针对石油巨头在卡沙甘油田争议成本提出的约120亿美元索赔无效。
An international court of arbitration invalidated about $12 billion of Kazakhstan’s claims against oil majors for disputed costs at the Kashagan field, according to people familiar with the matter.
哈萨克斯坦试图追回与该国第二大油田相关的约200亿美元争议成本，该油田投产时间比计划晚了数年，且严重超支。知情人士称，仲裁法院裁定，政府针对2011年至2015年间发生的成本提出的诉讼为时过晚，但允许约80亿美元的其他索赔继续进行。这些人士要求不具名，因为该信息属于私密信息。
Kazakhstan was seeking to recoup about $20 billion of disputed costs related to the country’s second-largest oil field, which was brought into production years late and well over budget. The court of arbitration decided that the government filed its case too late for costs incurred between 2011 and 2015, while allowing about $8 billion of other claims to proceed, the people said, asking not to be named because the information is private.
争议成本只是哈萨克斯坦与运营卡沙甘的国际石油公司之间长期法律斗争的一个要素。仲裁程序将继续进行，哈萨克斯坦政府向卡沙甘合作伙伴寻求超过1500亿美元的总赔偿。这主要涉及损失的收入，但也包括环境违规以及哈萨克斯坦指控存在腐败的交易的索赔。
The disputed costs are just one element of a long-running legal battle between the Kazakh state and the international oil companies that run Kashagan. The arbitration process will continue, with the government seeking total compensation of more than $150 billion from the Kashagan partners. That’s mostly related to lost revenue, but also includes claims for environmental violations and deals that state alleged were tainted by corruption.
埃克森美孚控股公司（ExxonMobil Holdings Corp.）是卡沙甘运营公司NCOC的主要合作伙伴之一，其他合作伙伴还包括埃尼公司（Eni SpA）、壳牌公司（Shell Plc）、道达尔能源公司（TotalEnergies SE）、哈萨克斯坦国家石油天然气公司（KazMunayGas National Co.）、中国国家石油公司（CNPC）和国际石油开发帝石公司（Inpex Corp.）。
ExxonMobil Holdings Corp. is one of the major partners in NCOC alongside Eni SpA, Shell Plc, TotalEnergies SE, KazMunayGas National Co., China National Petroleum Corp. and Inpex Corp.
哈萨克斯坦能源部和NCOC未回应置评请求。埃克森美孚、壳牌、道达尔能源、哈萨克斯坦国家石油天然气公司和国际石油开发帝石公司拒绝置评。中国国家石油公司和埃尼公司未立即回应置评请求。总部位于荷兰海牙的常设仲裁法院未立即回应置评请求。
Kazakhstan’s Energy Ministry and NCOC didn’t respond to requests for comment. ExxonMobil, Shell, TotalEnergies, KazMunayGas and Inpex declined to comment. CNPC and Eni didn’t immediately respond to requests for comment. The Permanent Court of Arbitration, which is based in the Hague, the Netherlands didn’t immediately respond to a request for comment.
卡沙甘是几十年来最大的石油发现之一，但其开发面临诸多技术挑战——从一年近半时间结冰的海域，到含有高浓度有毒气体的油藏。公司投资约550亿美元开发这一海上油田，该油田去年日均产量约为40万桶。
Kashagan was one of the biggest oil discoveries in decades, but its development brought numerous technical challenges — from a sea that is frozen for almost half the year to a reservoir that contains high concentrations of poisonous gas. Companies invested about $55 billion to develop the offshore field, which produced an average of about 400,000 barrels a day last year.
卡沙甘油田于2013年9月开始抽取首批原油——比原定目标晚了八年，且超支450亿美元——但一个月后因管道检测到泄漏而关闭。生产于2016年由运营该油田的合资公司北里海运营公司重新启动。
Kashagan pumped its first oil in September 2013 — eight years later than targeted and $45 billion over the initial budget — only to shut down a month later after leaks were detected in a pipeline. Production was restarted in 2016 by the North Caspian Operating Co., the joint venture that runs the field.
埃克森美孚已告知哈萨克斯坦，此前提出的潜在800亿美元联合投资以扩大卡沙甘油田，取决于解决长期存在的仲裁争端。该拟议投资将与国有公司哈萨克穆纳伊加斯国家公司成立平等合资企业，开发巨大的卡沙甘油藏尚未开发的西部地区，日产量可能高达60万桶。
ExxonMobil has told Kazakhstan that a potential $80 billion joint investment to expand the Kashagan oil field it pitched earlier is contingent on resolving the long-running arbitration dispute. The proposed investment, in an equal joint venture with state-owned KazMunayGas National Co., would tap the undeveloped western part of the massive Kashagan oil reservoir, potentially producing as much as 600,000 barrels a day.