
英国表示担忧:欧盟推动技术自主化的举措可能会损害英国的数字企业,认为英国企业应该有资格根据即将实施的“欧洲制造”(Made in Europe)技术法规参与合同竞标。
The UK has voiced concerns that the European Union’s push for technological autonomy will damage British digital companies, arguing that it should be eligible to compete for contracts under forthcoming “Made in Europe” tech rules.
据知情人士透露,欧盟正在讨论是否将其《云计算与人工智能发展法案》(Cloud and AI Development Act, CADA)下的合同授予仅限于欧洲企业——这是欧盟为减少对美国等非欧洲供应商的依赖而推出的最新举措。
The EU is debating whether to limit contracts under its Cloud and AI Development Act (CADA) to European companies – its latest push for European preference rules as it seeks to reduce its dependence on non-European providers, like the US, according to people familiar with the matter.
该提案是欧盟正在起草的“技术主权”政策的核心内容,该政策旨在为云计算服务和软件供应商建立分级管理体系,要求欧洲各国政府必须仅使用欧盟供应商来处理最敏感的数据。
The proposal is the centerpiece of a sweeping “tech sovereignty” package being drafted by Brussels, which will create a tiered system for cloud computing services and software providers — dictating that European governments rely exclusively on EU vendors to handle their most sensitive data.
在11月20日于布鲁塞尔举行的欧盟-英国峰会之前,双方就这一议题及其他相关问题展开了更加激烈的讨论。
The two sides are intensifying discussions on this and other matters ahead of an EU-UK summit in Brussels on Nov. 20.
英国首相安迪·伯纳姆(Andy Burnham)提出了英国未来可能重新加入欧盟的可能性,这引发了人们对脱欧十年后英欧关系有望改善的期待。伯纳姆在上个月对工党成员的演讲中表示,脱欧使英国变得更弱,并未能实现脱欧运动所承诺的“重新掌控本国边境和规则”的目标。
UK Prime Minister Andy Burnham has raised the prospect of Britain rejoining the EU in the future, sparking expectations of a reset in EU-UK relations ten years after the Brexit vote. In a speech last month to Labour Party members, Burnham said that Brexit had left the country weaker and failed to allow Britain to “take back control” of its borders and rules, as promised by the Leave campaign.
然而,欧盟在汽车制造、公共采购等多个立法领域推行的“欧洲优先”政策引发了英国的不满。
However, the EU’s push for European preference across a range of legislative files, from cars to public procurement, has irked the UK.
欧盟的执行机构——欧盟委员会(European Commission)尚未对此发表评论。英国政府发言人表示,英国正在与欧盟密切沟通,将继续强调双方作为可靠合作伙伴应加强合作的必要性。发言人还指出,英国早已深度融入了欧洲的数字和技术生态系统。
The European Commission, the EU’s executive arm, did not immediately respond to comment. A UK government spokesperson said it’s closely engaging with the EU as the Cloud and AI Development Act develops, and will continue to make the case for close cooperation as a trusted partner. The spokesperson noted that the UK is already deeply integrated into Europe’s digital and technology ecosystem.
据知情人士透露,围绕欧洲偏好规则的新摩擦主要集中在英方提出的两点异议上——要求数字服务提供商必须实体设立在欧盟,以及对所有权和控制权的限制。
The new tensions over European preference rules center around two main objections from the UK side, according to people familiar with the discussions — the demand that digital services providers be physically based in the EU, and restrictions on ownership and control.
英国拥有大型电信公司和云服务提供商,包括英国电信(BT)和 Nscale,这些企业可能会受到新规则的负面影响。
Britain is home to big telecommunications company and cloud providers, including BT and Nscale, which could be negatively impacted by the new rules.
知情人士称,英方论点之一是,任何将英国排除在外的举措都违反了管辖欧英关系的脱欧后贸易协定条款,但欧盟委员会驳回了这一论点。
Among the arguments made by the UK is that any move to exclude it breaches the terms of the post-Brexit trade deal that governs EU-UK relations, an argument refuted by the commission, according to people familiar with the matter.
英国政府面临政治压力,被要求在对华补贴汽车进口征收关税问题上与布鲁塞尔保持一致,以换取参与欧盟范围内政府采购模式的资格。法国和德国上周达成汽车协议,为英国根据即将出台的《工业加速法案》设定的“欧洲制造”规则获得欧洲补贴资格打开了大门。然而,要享受这一待遇,英国必须与欧盟在外国直接投资和贸易防御规则上保持一致,这实质上是指欧盟针对中国采取的措施。
The British government is under political pressure to align to Brussels on imposing tariffs on subsidized car imports from China in exchange for access to the EU-wide procurement model. France and Germany agreed a car deal last week which opens the door for the UK to qualify for European subsidies under “Made in Europe” rules set out by its forthcoming Industrial Accelerator Act. To benefit, however, the country will have to mirror EU’s rules on foreign direct investment and trade defense, a thinly veiled reference to measures the bloc has taken against China.
英国商业大臣乔纳森·雷诺兹本周早些时候表示,他愿意对中国电动汽车征收关税,以换取更广泛的欧洲市场准入,但强调将根据英国自身需求而非欧盟要求做出决定。
UK Business Secretary Jonathan Reynolds signaled earlier this week he’s open to hitting Chinese electric vehicles with tariffs to win enhanced access to European markets, but would make the call based on UK needs not demands from the EU.
下个月布鲁塞尔峰会将讨论的其他议题包括:在农产品和食品运输规则上加强协调、关联双方的限额与交易排放交易体系,以及扩大青年在两地生活和工作的准入——这是谈判中最具争议的方面之一。
Among the other issues to be discussed at next month’s Brussels summit are greater alignment on rules governing transport of agriculture and food products, linking their cap-and-trade emissions programs and greater access for young people to live and work in both jurisdictions, one of the most contentious aspects of the talks.