“针对加沙等地……这些正遭受战争祸害的地方，我们需要确保女性的声音成为建设和平的一部分”“我们在哥伦比亚学到的是，女性领导力参与缔造和平的谈判桌至关重要” 联合国妇女署一位高级官员接受安纳多卢通讯社采访时表示，女性必须在塑造加沙建设和平的努力中发挥实质性作用，并援引哥伦比亚与哥伦比亚革命武装力量（FARC）历史性和平进程的经验教训。
‘For places like Gaza ... that are suffering the scourge of the war, we need to ensure that women’s voices are part of peacebuilding’'What we learned in Colombia is that it was critical that women’s leadership was part of the peacemaking table' Women must play a meaningful role in shaping peacebuilding efforts in Gaza, a senior UN Women official told Anadolu, drawing on lessons from Colombia’s historic peace process with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).
“针对加沙等地，针对那些正遭受战争祸害的地方，我们需要确保女性的声音成为建设和平的一部分，”联合国妇女署欧洲和中亚区域主任贝伦·桑斯·卢克在第九届伊斯坦布尔调解会议间隙表示。
"For places like Gaza, for places that are suffering the scourge of the war, we need to ensure that women’s voices are part of peacebuilding," Belen Sanz Luque, UN Women’s regional director for Europe and Central Asia, said on the sidelines of the 9th Istanbul Mediation Conference.
桑斯结合她担任联合国妇女署驻哥伦比亚代表期间、在与哥伦比亚革命武装力量和平谈判中的经验指出，可持续的和平需要的不仅仅是停止敌对行动。受冲突影响的女性必须能够参与谈判、影响政治决策并协助落实和平协议。
Drawing on her experience as a UN Women representative in Colombia during peace negotiations with the FARC, Sanz said sustainable peace requires more than ending hostilities. Women affected by conflict must be able to participate in negotiations, influence political decisions and help implement peace agreements.
哥伦比亚革命武装力量成立于1964年，是一个马克思列宁主义游击队组织，源于哥伦比亚严重的土地不平等和政治排斥背景下的农民运动。长达五十多年的冲突涉及政府军和准军事组织，战斗导致大规模流离失所和侵犯人权行为。
Founded in 1964, the FARC was a Marxist-Leninist guerrilla group that emerged from rural peasant movements amid deep land inequality and political exclusion in Colombia. Over five decades of conflict involving government forces and paramilitaries, the fighting caused widespread displacement and human rights abuses.
经过始于2012年的四年谈判，哥伦比亚政府与哥伦比亚革命武装力量于2016年11月签署历史性和平协议，为该组织解除武装并转型参与平民政治铺平了道路。
After four years of negotiations that began in 2012, the Colombian government and the FARC signed a historic peace agreement in November 2016, paving the way for the group's disarmament and transition into civilian politics.
“汲取的经验教训适用于加沙或苏丹等案例，意味着我们需要支持基层社区层面的女性组织、女性团体，以便她们能发出自己的声音，”她表示，并强调基层网络对于反映社区苦难、直接塑造和平决策至关重要。
"Lessons learned to bring to examples like Gaza or Sudan imply that we need to support the women's organizations, the women's groups that are at the community level so that they can be elevating their voices," she said, emphasizing that grassroots networks are vital for reflecting community suffering and directly shaping peace decisions.
“我们需要了解冲突如何直接影响女性，”她说，并强调冲突的后果必须“得到解决、被认可和被缓解”。2016年协议解决了结构性不平等，包括农村发展不均衡、资源获取和政治参与方面的不平等。桑兹说，协议还包含100多条关于性别平等和妇女权利的条款。
"We need to understand how the conflict affected women directly," she said, stressing that the consequences of conflict must be "addressed, recognized and alleviated." The 2016 agreement addressed structural inequalities, including unequal rural development, access to resources and political participation. It also included more than 100 provisions on gender equality and women’s rights, Sanz said.
哈瓦那和谈的一个关键特征是2014年成立了性别小组委员会，该委员会从性别视角审查协议，并帮助将妇女权利纳入条款中。
A key feature of the Havana peace talks was the creation of a Gender Sub-Commission in 2014, which reviewed the agreement from a gender perspective and helped incorporate women’s rights into its provisions.
该进程还包括与妇女组织和冲突受害者的磋商，为确保妇女有意义地参与和平谈判提供了经验教训。然而，桑兹补充说，在落实条款方面仍面临挑战。
The process also included consultations with women’s organizations and victims of the conflict, offering lessons on ensuring women participate meaningfully in peace negotiations. However, challenges remain in implementing its provisions, Sanz added.
“吸取了许多经验教训，但我们在和平进程期间能够提供的一切支持，都归功于哥伦比亚女性非常强有力的领导力，”她补充道。
"There were many lessons learned, but everything that we were able to support during that peace process was due to the very strong leadership of Colombian women," she added.
对于加沙，桑兹说，经验教训是妇女的参与不能在协议签署时结束。
For Gaza, Sanz said, the lesson is that women's participation cannot end when an agreement is signed.
“一旦协议签署，她们就是协议签署的一部分，但这不是终局，”她说。“这实际上是可持续和平的开始。” 2025年仅5%的和平协议有女性担任谈判代表 尽管国际社会承诺让女性参与和平进程，但她们在谈判桌上的代表性仍然有限。
"Once there is an agreement signed, they are part of the signature of the agreement, but that is not the end of the game," she said. "That is actually the beginning of sustainable peace." Only 5% of peace agreements in 2025 had women as negotiators Despite international commitments to women's participation in peace processes, their representation at negotiating tables remains limited.
桑兹引用了2000年通过的联合国安理会第1325号决议，该决议呼吁女性参与冲突预防、冲突解决和建设和平，同时采取措施保护妇女和女童免受冲突相关暴力的侵害。这是首个承认女性在和平与安全中核心作用的主要国际授权。然而，她表示，承诺尚未转化为有意义的参与。
Sanz cited UN Security Council Resolution 1325, adopted in 2000, which calls for women's participation in conflict prevention, conflict resolution and peacebuilding, alongside measures to protect women and girls from conflict-related violence. It was the first major international mandate to acknowledge women's central role in peace and security. However, commitments have yet to translate into meaningful participation, she said.
她在会议上展示的数据显示，2025年只有5%的和平协议有女性担任谈判代表。
Data she presented at the conference showed that only 5% of peace agreements in 2025 had women as negotiators.
“这是非常令人担忧的，”她说，呼吁建立机制以确保女性参与，而不是将其寄希望于政治善意。
"This is incredibly concerning," she said, calling for mechanisms to ensure women's participation rather than leaving it to political goodwill.
“确实，承诺和诺言都存在，但我们真正缺乏的是落实这些承诺的机制，”她说。
"Indeed, pledges and commitments exist, but what we are lacking behind is really the mechanisms to enforce these commitments," she said.
桑兹还引用了证据表明，当女性和公民社会参与执行时，和平协议成功且可持续地实施的可能性要高出35%。
Sanz also cited evidence indicating that peace agreements are 35% more likely to be implemented successfully and sustainably when women and civil society participate in their implementation.
桑兹说，联合国妇女署直接与地方层面的女性网络合作，在对立政治派别的女性之间建立信任，并加强她们获得司法和公共机构服务的途径。她补充说，该组织还与国家行为体合作，确保政府履行保护妇女和女童权利的义务。
UN Women works directly with women's networks at the local level to build trust among women from opposing political groups and strengthen their access to justice and public institutions, Sanz said. The organization also works with state actors to ensure governments fulfill their obligations to protect women's and girls' rights, she added.