新研究试图化解“中国冲击”一场围绕一项极具影响力发现的激烈争论插图：Álvaro Bernis美国的左派和右派几乎在所有问题上都意见不合。
New research tries to defuse the “China shock” An almighty fight over an influential finding Illustration: Álvaro Bernis N AMERICA THE left and the right agree on little.
但从最深蓝的城市到最深红的村落，几乎所有人都认同美国在2000年代遭受了“中国冲击”。
But from the deepest-blue city to the reddest-of-red hamlet, almost everyone agrees that America suffered a “China shock” in the 2000s.
乔·拜登的首席经济顾问称，激增的中国进口商品摧毁了“近100万”制造业岗位。
Joe Biden’s top economic adviser said that surging Chinese imports had destroyed “nearly 1m” manufacturing jobs.
唐纳德·特朗普的财政部长斯科特·贝森特去年表示，这一数字为370万个美国就业岗位。
Scott Bessent, Donald Trump’s treasury secretary, said last year that it was 3.7m American jobs.
这些说法所依据的经济研究（在贝森特的情况下是松散地依据）极具影响力。
The economic research on which such claims are (in Mr Bessent’s case loosely) based is hugely influential.
然而，它也备受争议——关于与中国贸易究竟对美国经济造成了何种影响的争论现在正再次升温。
Yet it is controversial, too—and the argument about what exactly trade with China did to America’s economy is now hotting up once again.
摘自2026年10月24日版探索本版块更多故事，请查看目录列表浏览本期刊重用此内容山姆·班克曼-弗里德称他已偿还债务这位加密货币大亨从加利福尼亚州狱中接受《经济学人》专访 3分钟阅读巴西怪异的经济亟需严肃改革卢拉和弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗都没有胆量去做AI算力成为新石油——并需要一个新市场金融机构竞相创造工具以交易算力
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