中国不断扩张的半导体产业正在加剧韩国的焦虑。一份新的咨询报告警告称，随着中国竞争对手扩大生产并加强市场地位，韩国芯片制造商必须捍卫其盈利能力。全球咨询公司普华永道（PwC）的韩国成员机构三一普华永道（Samil PwC）周一发布的一份报告指出，中国在传统存储器、成熟制程制造以及封装测试领域的竞争可能会率先升温。
China’s expanding semiconductor industry is fuelling mounting anxiety in South Korea, where a new consultancy report has warned local chipmakers to defend profitability as Chinese rivals scale up production and strengthen market Samil PwC, the South Korean member firm of the global consultancy, said in a report made public on Monday that Chinese competition would likely heat up first in the areas of conventional memory, mature-node manufacturing, and packaging and testing.
为了保持领先地位，三一普华永道敦促韩国半导体公司提高大宗存储器的成本竞争力，同时加大对尖端领域的投入，例如与人工智能处理器堆叠使用的高带宽内存（HBM）及先进封装技术。
To stay ahead, Samil PwC urged South Korean semiconductor companies to sharpen cost competitiveness in commodity memory while doubling down on cutting-edge sectors such as advanced packaging and high-bandwidth memory (HBM), which are used alongside AI processors in a stacked configuration.
报告指出，中国在这些先进领域仍处于落后地位，客户验证以及稳定、高良率的量产仍是其面临的障碍。
China still lagged in these advanced segments, where customer validation and stable, high-yield mass production remained barriers, the report noted.
在此警告发出之前，SK集团董事长崔泰源本月早些时候曾表示，中国竞争对手长鑫存储（CXMT）和长江存储（YMTC）正在迅速追赶。
The warning follows remarks earlier this month by SK Group chairman Chey Tae-won, who said Chinese rivals ChangXin Memory Technologies (CXMT) and Yangtze Memory Technologies Co (YMTC) were rapidly catching up.
据韩联社报道，崔泰源警告称，如果中国竞争对手或美国竞争对手美光科技（Micron Technology）的产能扩张速度更快，韩国将面临失去市场份额的风险。他还对美国主导的出口限制措施的有效性表示怀疑，并指出尽管多年来受到技术限制，长鑫存储和长江存储仍取得了稳步进展。随着压力增大，韩国的领先企业正采取行动保护其地盘。
South Korea risked surrendering market share if Chinese competitors or US rival Micron Technology expanded capacity faster, Chey warned, according to Yonhap News Agency. He also cast doubt on the efficacy of US-led export restrictions, noting that CXMT and YMTC had made steady progress despite years of technology curbs. As pressure mounts, South Korea’s leading players are moving to protect their turf.
据路透社上周报道，三星电子和SK海力士都在升级其在中国的制造设施，以生产更先进的NAND闪存，从而对抗长江存储并满足人工智能驱动的存储需求。
Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix were both upgrading their manufacturing facilities in China to produce more advanced NAND flash memory to counter YMTC and to meet AI-driven storage demand, Reuters reported last week.
报道援引未具名消息人士的话称，三星正在改造其西安工厂以制造286层芯片，而SK海力士正准备在其大连工厂生产至少240层的芯片。两家公司均表示，这些升级是在与华盛顿协商后进行的。与此同时，中国的存储器专业厂商正向技术前沿迈进。
Samsung was retooling its Xian facility to fabricate 286-layer chips, while SK Hynix was preparing to produce chips with at least 240 layers at its Dalian plant, the report said, citing unnamed sources. Both companies said the upgrades were carried out in consultation with Washington. At the same time, Chinese memory specialists are pushing closer to the technological frontier.
中国领先的动态随机存取存储器（DRAM）生产商长鑫存储本月早些时候宣布，计划在今年年底前推出采用先进4F²架构的服务器内存。
CXMT, the country’s leading producer of dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), announced plans earlier this month to debut server memory using an advanced 4F² architecture by the end of this year.
这种节省空间的设计通过将存储单元排列得更紧密来提高密度，三星和SK海力士也正在开发该技术。
The space-saving design, which packs memory cells closer together to boost density, is also under development by Samsung and SK Hynix.
数据显示，中国存储器制造商已将技术成果转化为商业优势。根据Counterpoint Research的数据，长鑫存储在第二季度占据了全球DRAM收入的10%，较一年前的4%翻了一番多，成为仅次于三星、SK海力士和美光科技的全球第四大供应商。
Data showed that Chinese memory makers were already converting technical gains into commercial CXMT captured 10 per cent of global DRAM revenue in the second quarter, more than double the 4 per cent a year earlier, to become the world’s fourth-largest supplier, behind Samsung, SK Hynix and Micron Technology, according to Counterpoint Research.
在闪存存储领域，长江存储第二季度的NAND出货量位居全球第三，仅次于三星和SK海力士（包括其美国子公司Solidigm）。长江存储的全球NAND收入份额从一年前的9%攀升至今年第一季度的14%。
In flash storage, YMTC ranked third globally by NAND shipment volume in the second quarter, trailing only Samsung and SK Hynix, including its US-based Solidigm subsidiary. YMTC’s share of global NAND revenue climbed to 14 per cent in the first quarter of this year, up from 9 per cent a year earlier.
Counterpoint本月早些时候预测，受人工智能数据中心存储需求扩张的推动，长江存储的服务器相关收入到2028年可能接近其总销售额的39%，而2024年几乎为零。
Counterpoint projected earlier this month that YMTC’s server-related revenue could approach 39 per cent of its total sales by 2028 – up from virtually zero in 2024 – fuelled by an expansion into storage for AI data centres.
Counterpoint研究总监MS Hwang表示，长江存储正受益于价格上涨和国内订单量的增加，企业存储为其搭上人工智能浪潮提供了一个有利可图的渠道。
MS Hwang, research director at Counterpoint, said YMTC was benefiting from rising prices and stronger domestic order volumes, with enterprise storage presenting a lucrative channel to ride the AI wave.
但他补充说，赢得中国以外的国际客户仍将是长江存储能否在世界舞台上挑战三星的关键考验。
However, winning over international clients beyond China would remain a key test of YMTC’s ability to challenge Samsung on the world stage, he added.