中国汽车制造商在欧洲单季销量首次超越日本竞争对手，凸显了比亚迪股份有限公司、奇瑞汽车股份有限公司等品牌在该地区迅速抢占市场份额。
Chinese automakers outsold Japanese rivals in Europe for the first time over a full quarter, underscoring how quickly brands like BYD Co. and Chery Automobile Co. are gaining ground in the region.
市场研究机构Dataforce的数据显示，9月份中国品牌汽车在欧洲的注册量较去年同期大幅增长，市场份额达到12.7%，主要得益于混合动力车型的强劲表现。这使其超越了包括丰田汽车公司在内的日本制造商，后者份额为11.9%。
Registrations of Chinese-branded cars roughly doubled from a year earlier in September to make up 12.7% of total sales across the region, led by hybrids, according to market researcher Dataforce. That’s put them ahead of Japanese manufacturers including Toyota Motor Corp. at 11.9%.
尽管大众汽车集团、雷诺汽车公司等欧洲制造商仍主导该地区市场，但中国品牌的崛起速度令人意外。五年前，中国品牌在欧洲的销量占比不足1%。相比之下，日本车企已在欧洲深耕数十年。
While European manufacturers like Volkswagen AG or Renault SA still dominate the region, the speed of China’s surge has been a surprise. Five years ago, Chinese brands accounted for barely 1% of European sales. Japan’s automakers, by contrast, have spent decades building their position in Europe.
丰田自1963年起在欧洲销售汽车，如今在该大陆运营多家工厂；日产汽车公司自1986年起在英国桑德兰工厂生产车辆。中国品牌在英国市场表现尤为亮眼，奇瑞旗下捷途7 SUV在3月和9月均成为英国最畅销车型。
Toyota has sold cars in the region since 1963 and now operates factories across the continent, while Nissan Motor Co. has produced vehicles at its Sunderland plant in the UK since 1986. China’s offering is especially successful in the UK, where Chery’s Jaecoo 7 SUV was the country’s best-selling model in March and September.
这一转变对欧洲陷入困境的制造商构成双重打击。在中国这一最大单一市场，大众和宝马等品牌正失去消费者，转而青睐推出新车型更快、成本更低的国产竞争对手。而中国市场需求萎缩，迫使比亚迪等企业寻找新的销售市场。
The shift is a double whammy for Europe’s struggling manufacturers. China’s drivers are deserting VW and BMW AG in their biggest market in favor of domestic rivals, who are churning out new models faster and at lower cost. And shrinking demand in China is forcing BYD and others to look for new markets.
本月初，奇瑞、比亚迪和吉利旗下极氪在巴黎车展上展示了一系列新车型，推出了专为欧洲市场开发的紧凑型插电式混合动力车比亚迪海豚G DM-i等高性价比车款。将电动车产品线引入欧洲，也使它们有望从燃油价格创纪录新高带来的需求激增中受益。
Earlier this month, Chery, BYD and Geely’s Zeekr showed off a range of new models at the Paris car show, offering well-priced cars like the BYD Dolphin G DM-i, a compact plug-in hybrid specifically developed for Europe. Bringing their EV lineups to Europe also positions them to benefit from a jump in demand as fuel prices hit record highs.
欧盟正试图抑制部分由国家补贴推动的扩张。在对中国制造的纯电动汽车加征额外关税后，欧盟本月原则上同意限制从中国进口快速增长的混合动力汽车。在有关未来措施的猜测中，混合动力汽车的出口量反而有所加速。
The European Union is trying to temper an expansion that is partly fueled by state-backed subsidies. After adding extra tariffs on China-made battery-electric vehicles, the bloc this month agreed in principle to curb fast-growing imports of hybrid cars from China. Amid speculation of future measures, shipments of hybrids have accelerated.
另外，欧盟正在考虑制定新规则，在发放补贴和其他激励措施时向本地制造的汽车倾斜。这些提案包括将部分公司用车税收优惠与欧洲生产挂钩，这在德国等许多企业和车队买家占主导地位的国家是一项强有力的工具。
Separately, the EU is considering new rules that would favor locally made cars when granting subsidies and other incentives. The proposals include linking some company-car tax benefits to European production, a powerful tool in many countries like Germany where corporate and fleet buyers dominate.
梅赛德斯-奔驰集团等汽车制造商对这一政治支持表示欢迎，但也警告称，这会扭曲全球供应链并推高成本。包括英国、土耳其和摩洛哥在内的国家向欧盟出口汽车和零部件，这些国家可能会因“欧洲制造”规则而陷入困境。
Carmakers like Mercedes-Benz Group AG have welcomed the political backing, but warned of distortions to global supply chains, driving costs up. Countries including the UK, Turkey and Morocco ship vehicles and parts to the EU that could struggle because of Made in Europe rules.
中国制造商已经在为本地化生产做准备。奇瑞汽车正在筹备巴塞罗那的生产工作，比亚迪在匈牙利的制造基地也已接近完工。作为双方合资企业的一部分，浙江零跑科技股份有限公司已开始在斯特兰蒂斯集团位于西班牙萨拉戈萨的工厂生产其B10 SUV。
Chinese manufacturers have been preparing to produce locally already. Chery is preparing production in Barcelona and BYD is nearing the completion of a manufacturing site in Hungary. Zhejiang Leapmotor Technology Co. has started making its B10 SUV at Stellantis NV’s plant in Zaragoza, Spain, as part of the companies’ joint venture.