格洛丽亚（Gloria）和达斯廷·霍夫曼（Dustin Hoffman）与孩子们自拍。
Gloria and Dustin Hoffman take a selfie with their kids.
格洛丽亚·霍夫曼 去年年底，达斯廷·霍夫曼和妻子格洛丽亚开始着手办理签证手续，以便她能在美国居住。
Gloria Hoffman Late last year, Dustin Hoffman and his wife Gloria started the paperwork to secure a visa for her to live in the U.S.
这对夫妇和他们5岁的女儿查亚（Chaya）、霍夫曼12岁的继子以色列（Israel）一起住在阿根廷。霍夫曼此前在伊拉克服完美国陆军的兵役后，于2013年搬到了阿根廷。
The couple, along with their 5-year-old daughter Chaya and Hoffman's 12-year-old step son Israel, lived together in Argentina, where Hoffman had moved in 2013 after doing a deployment with the U.S. Army in Iraq. "My daughter is growing up and she's very smart and my stepson he's very smart," Hoffman said.
霍夫曼说：“我的女儿在长大，她很聪明，我的继子也很聪明。但是在阿根廷，针对自闭症儿童的资源以及阿根廷的学校体制……我不知道。我只是觉得我需要给我的女儿提供和我小时候一样的机会。”但将近一年后，由于签证审批持续延误，孩子们和格洛丽亚被困在阿根廷的官僚主义僵局中。
"But the resources in Argentina for an autistic child and the school system in Argentina … I don't know. I just feel like I needed to give my daughter the same opportunities that I had growing up." But nearly a year later, the kids and Gloria are stuck in Argentina in bureaucratic limbo due to continuing delays in the processing of their visa.
这是因为今年1月，特朗普政府禁止为75个国家的公民审理移民签证。许多移民当时已经处于获取签证的过程中。一些人的签证甚至已经获批，他们只是在等待实体签证送达。霍夫曼的妻子来自哥伦比亚，该国是名单上的国家之一。
That's because this January the Trump administration banned the processing of immigrant visas for citizens of 75 countries. Many of the migrants were already in the process of getting a visa. Some already had the visa approved; they were just waiting to get the physical visa delivered to them. Hoffman's wife is from Colombia, one of the countries on the list.
今年8月，一名联邦法官下令解除该禁令，但霍夫曼的家人仍未拿到签证，国务院继续要求他们提供更多证据，以证明他们有经济能力在美国生活，而不会成为公众负担。
A federal judge this August ordered the ban to be lifted, but Hoffman's family still has not gotten their visa, and the State Department continues to ask them to provide additional evidence to prove they have the financial means to live in the U.S. without becoming a public charge.
代表移民的律师表示，霍夫曼一家的遭遇是一个更大问题的缩影：他们称特朗普政府没有遵守联邦法院的裁决，而是在故意拖延签证审批。
Attorneys representing migrants say the Hoffman family's case is emblematic of a wider problem: They say the Trump administration is not complying with the federal court order and is instead slow-walking the processing of the visas.
“因此，虽然从技术层面上讲禁令已不复存在，但如果人们仍然无法进行绿卡面谈，或者面谈无法完成，无法获得移民签证印花贴纸并入境美国，那么实际上这并没有什么区别，”美国移民律师协会当选会长亚历克西斯·阿克塞尔拉德（Alexis Axelrad）表示。
"So while technically the ban doesn't exist, it doesn't matter practically if people are still not being able to get their green card interviews or have their interviews not be finished and not get their immigrant visa stamps foils and be able to come into the United States," said Alexis Axelrad, the president elect of the American Immigration Lawyers Association.
新培训导致额外延误 截至政策于1月生效时，签证禁令已影响了28万多名已申请签证的移民。
A new training creates additional delays The visa ban affected more than 280,000 immigrants who had applied for visas by the time the policy went into effect in January.
据自由意志主义智库卡托研究所（Cato Institute）的分析，该禁令针对数千名美国公民和永久居民的近亲属，包括配偶和未成年子女。卡托报告称其为“美国历史上最极端的合法移民政策之一”。如今滞留在本国无法赴美，许多人正在重新考虑该怎么办。
According to an analysis by the libertarian think-tank Cato Institute, the ban targeted thousands of close family members of U.S. citizens and permanent residents, including spouses and minor children. The Cato report called it "one of the most extreme legal immigration policies in U.S. history." Now stuck in their countries unable to come to the U.S., many are rethinking what to do.
国务院拒绝就此事置评，告诉美国国家公共电台（NPR）“所涉事项正处于待决诉讼中”。国务院在其网站上承认，因法院裁决，签证禁令不再生效。
The State Department declined to comment for this story, telling NPR "the matter referenced is subject to pending litigation." On its website the State Department acknowledges the visa ban is no longer in effect due to the court ruling.
这张摄于2026年6月3日的照片显示了位于华盛顿特区的美国国务院大楼入口。
This photo taken on June 3, 2026, shows an entrance to the U.S. Department of State building, in Washington, D.C.
李睿/新华社/盖蒂图片社 该机构8月告诉NPR，因启动一项针对大使馆和领事馆的深度“培训计划”，旨在识别可能成为纳税人负担的移民——即“公共负担”，已暂停签证审理。这意味着即使签证已获批的移民，也必须接受额外审查。
Li Rui/Xinhua via Getty Images The agency told NPR in August it had paused the processing of visas as it launched an in-depth "training program" for embassies and consulates on identifying immigrants who could become a burden on taxpayers — a public charge. This means even immigrants with visas approved would have to go through additional screening.
一名前国务院领事官员告诉NPR，这种暂停并不常见。她要求不具名，因为担心这会影响她的求职前景。
This pause is uncommon, a former State Department consular officer told NPR. She asked not to be identified because she fears it could affect her job prospects.
“我从未见过签证审理出现实质性的暂停……真的没有，”这位前领事官员说道。“部门之所以这样做，是因为这是总统制定的政策……旨在减少非法移民、遣返人员，并仅接收来自南非的难民。”但霍夫曼（Hoffman）这样的家庭却陷入了进退维谷的境地。他说自己每天都在想念女儿、继子和妻子。他说女儿“一直在哭”，吵着要找爸爸。他的妻子则已经筋疲力尽。
"I've never seen a substantial pause on visa processing … I really haven't," the former consular officer said. "The department is doing this because this is what the policy is from the president … to reduce illegal immigration, remigrate people and only accept refugees from South Africa." But families such as the Hoffmans are stuck in limbo. He says he misses his daughter, stepson, and wife every day. He said his daughter cries "all the time" and asks for her father. His wife is overwhelmed.
“我这么说吧：我们家是一个完整的家庭。我们需要守望相助，”霍夫曼说道。“就像任何家庭一样，我们在分离状态下无法很好地运转。”最优秀的人被抛在脑后 在第一个任期内，特朗普总统曾表示希望吸引最优秀的移民来到美国。
"Let me put it this way: Our family is a family. We need to be there for each other," Hoffman said. "Just like any family, it's not functioning very well while we're separated." The brightest is left behind During his first term, President Trump said he wanted to attract the brightest immigrants to come to the U.S.
包括美国优先政策研究所（America First Policy Institute）在内的右翼组织也支持“基于才能”的移民制度。
Right-wing organizations, including the America First Policy Institute, have also endorsed a "merit-based" immigration system.
该组织在2026年3月写道：“美国的移民系统应当优先考虑那些在美拥有教育背景、技能以及待遇优厚的工作等待他们的移民，因为这些人最有可能对美国社会和经济做出贡献，使所有美国人受益。”但围绕签证审理的争端已经影响了许多属于高效能类别的移民。
"America's immigration system should prioritize immigrants with education, skills, and well-paying jobs waiting for them in the U.S. because these individuals are most likely to contribute to America's society and economy, benefitting all Americans," the organization wrote in March 2026. But the battle over visa processing has affected many immigrants who fall into the high-performing category.
其中之一是费尔南多·利兹卡诺（Fernando Lizcano）博士，他是一名哥伦比亚公民，其研究重点是美国的重大心血管健康挑战，包括肥胖症。
One of them is Dr. Fernando Lizcano, a Colombian national whose research focuses on major cardiovascular health challenges in the U.S., including obesity.
由费尔南多·利兹卡诺博士提供 他申请了EB-1A签证，根据美国公民及移民服务局（U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services）的规定，该签证专门留给具有“杰出能力”的移民，包括“杰出教授或研究人员”。
Courtesy of Dr. Fernando Lizcano He applied for an EB-1A visa, which is reserved for immigrants "of extraordinary ability," including "an outstanding professor or researcher," according to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.
“我的意图是继续在美国从事学术生物医学研究，”利斯卡诺在波哥大的办公室里通过视频连线告诉美国国家公共电台（NPR）。“（我）一直在探索机会，看能否将我在内分泌学方面的所有经验与分子生物学、转化研究结合起来。”由于美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）认定他符合EB-1A类别资格，剩下的只是申请签证本身并在护照上盖章。但他仍滞留哥伦比亚，等待国务院的最终批准。“这不公平，”利斯卡诺说。
"My intention is to continue with my academic biomedical research in the United States," Lizcano told NPR from his office in Bogotá. "(I) have been exploring opportunities also where I could combine all my experience in endocrinology with molecular biology, translational research." Because USCIS deemed him qualified for an EB-1A, all that was left for him was to apply for the visa itself and get it stamped in his passport. But he is still in Colombia, awaiting for the State Department's final approval. "This is not fair," Lizcano said.
这场等待游戏正给许多移民及其亲人带来情感创伤，他们的签证如今悬而未决。
The waiting game is taking an emotional toll on many of the immigrants — and their loved ones — whose visas are now up in the air.
正等待妻子签证获批的美国退伍军人霍夫曼担心自己的心理健康。他告诉美国国家公共电台，医生已增加了他的精神类药物剂量。“在这一切开始发生之前，我还好好的，”他说。
Hoffman, the U.S. veteran awaiting his wife's visa to be approved, is worried about his own mental health. He told NPR his doctors have increased his psychiatric medicines. "I was OK before all this started happening," he said.
他以开优步（Uber）网约车为生，因特朗普与伊朗的战争，油价飙升，侵蚀了他的收入。他难以同时支付美国的房贷和阿根廷的家庭房租。“我们现在全靠一线希望和祈祷在撑着，”霍夫曼说。移民政策 唐纳德·特朗普
He works as an Uber driver, and with Trump's war in Iran, gas prices have skyrocketed, cutting into his income. He's struggling to pay both his mortgage in the U.S., and rent in Argentina for his family. "We're living on a dream and a prayer right now," Hoffman said. immigration policy Donald Trump